Main page Compare countries Index countries Index fields

Query:
##ciekawa_strona##

Compare Constitution (2007) - Constitution (2004)

Compare Constitution (2007) with Constitution (2004)

Show all fields

  Constitution (2007)Constitution (2004)
Afghanistan Afghanistan new constitution drafted 14 December 2003-4 January 2004; signed 16 January 2004 new constitution drafted 14 December 2003 - 4 January 2004; signed 16 January 2004
Akrotiri Akrotiri Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960 -
Albania Albania adopted by popular referendum on 22 November 1998; promulgated 28 November 1998 a constitution was adopted by popular referendum on 28 November 1998
Algeria Algeria 8 September 1963; revised 19 November 1976, effective 22 November 1976; revised 3 November 1988, 23 February 1989, and 28 November 1996 19 November 1976, effective 22 November 1976; revised 3 November 1988, 23 February 1989, and 28 November 1996
American Samoa American Samoa ratified 2 June 1966, effective 1 July 1967 ratified 1966, in effect 1967
Andorra Andorra Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991, approved by referendum 14 March 1993, effective 28 April 1993 Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993
Angola Angola adopted by People's Assembly 25 August 1992 11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March 1991, and 26 August 1992; note - new constitution has not yet been approved
Argentina Argentina 1 May 1853; amended many times starting in 1860 1 May 1853; revised August 1994
Armenia Armenia adopted by nationwide referendum 5 July 1995; amendments adopted through a nationwide referendum 27 November 2005 adopted by nationwide referendum 5 July 1995
Austria Austria 1920; revised 1929; reinstated 1 May 1945 1920; revised 1929 (reinstated 1 May 1945)
Bahrain Bahrain adopted 14 February 2002 adopted late December 2000; Bahrani voters approved on 13-14 February 2001 a referendum on legislative changes (revised constitution calls for a partially elected legislature, a constitutional monarchy, and an independent judiciary)
Bangladesh Bangladesh 4 November 1972, effective 16 December 1972; suspended following coup of 24 March 1982, restored 10 November 1986; amended many times 4 November 1972, effective 16 December 1972, suspended following coup of 24 March 1982, restored 10 November 1986, amended many times
Belarus Belarus 15 March 1994; revised by national referendum of 24 November 1996 giving the presidency greatly expanded powers and became effective 27 November 1996; revised again 17 October 2004 removing presidential term limits 30 March 1994; revised by national referendum of 24 November 1996 giving the presidency greatly expanded powers and became effective 27 November 1996; revised again 17 October 2004 removing presidential term limits
Belgium Belgium 7 February 1831; amended many times; revised 14 July 1993 to create a federal state 7 February 1831, last revised 14 July 1993; parliament approved a constitutional package creating a federal state
Benin Benin adopted by referendum 2 December 1990 December 1990
Bermuda Bermuda 8 June 1968; amended 1989 and 2003 8 June 1968, amended 1989 and 2003
Bhutan Bhutan none; note - a draft constitution was unveiled in March 2005 and is expected to be adopted following the election of a new National Assembly in 2008 no written constitution or bill of rights; note - in 2001 the King commissioned the drafting of a constitution, and in November 2004 presented a draft to the Council of Ministers
Bolivia Bolivia 2 February 1967; revised in August 1994; referendum on new constitution to be held 6 August 2007 2 February 1967; revised in August 1994
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina the Dayton Agreement, signed 14 December 1995 in Paris, included a new constitution now in force; note - each of the entities also has its own constitution the Dayton Agreement, signed 14 December 1995, included a new constitution now in force; note - each of the entities also has its own constitution
British Virgin Islands British Virgin Islands 13 June 2007 1 June 1977
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso 2 June 1991 approved by referendum, 11 June 1991 formally adopted; last amended January 2002 2 June 1991 approved by referendum; 11 June 1991 formally adopted; ammended April 2000
Burma Burma 3 January 1974; suspended since 18 September 1988; national convention convened in 1993 to draft a new constitution but collapsed in 1996; reconvened in 2004 but does not include participation of democratic opposition 3 January 1974 (suspended since 18 September 1988); national convention convened in 1993 to draft a new constitution but collapsed in 1996; reconvened in 2004 but does not include participation of democratic opposition
Burundi Burundi 28 February 2005; ratified by popular referendum 13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 20 October 2004 by a provisional constitution approved by the parliament, which extended the transition, set ethnic quotas for government positions, and tentatively scheduled elections for February-April 2005
Cameroon Cameroon 20 May 1972 approved by referendum, adopted 2 June 1972; revised January 1996 20 May 1972 approved by referendum; 2 June 1972 formally adopted; revised January 1996
Canada Canada made up of unwritten and written acts, customs, judicial decisions, and traditions; the written part of the constitution consists of the Constitution Act of 29 March 1867, which created a federation of four provinces, and the Constitution Act of 17 April 1982, which transferred formal control over the constitution from Britain to Canada, and added a Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as well as procedures for constitutional amendments 17 April 1982 (Constitution Act); originally, the machinery of the government was set up in the British North America Act of 1867; charter of rights and unwritten customs
Cape Verde Cape Verde 25 September 1992; a major revision on 23 November 1995 substantially increased the powers of the president; a 1999 revision created the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica) new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president, and a further revision in 1999, to create the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica)
Cayman Islands Cayman Islands 1959; revised 1962, 1972, and 1994 1959, revised 1972 and 1992
Central African Republic Central African Republic ratified by popular referendum 5 December 2004; effective 27 December 2004 passed by referendum 5 December 2004
Chad Chad passed by referendum 31 March 1996; a June 2005 referendum removed constitutional term limits passed by referendum 31 March 1996
Chile Chile 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981; amended 1989, 1991, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2003, and 2005 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981, amended 30 July 1989, 1993, and 1997
Christmas Island Christmas Island Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 NA
Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955
Colombia Colombia 5 July 1991; amended many times 5 July 1991
Comoros Comoros 23 December 2001 23 December 2001


note: a Transitional National Unity Government (GUNT) was formed on 20 January 2002 following the passing of the new constitution; the GUNT governed until the presidential elections on 14 April 2002
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the 18 February 2006 a new constitution was adopted 17 July 2003
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Republic of the approved by referendum 20 January 2002 constitution approved by referendum 20 January 2002
Cote d'Ivoire Cote d'Ivoire approved by referendum 23 July 2000 a new constitution was adopted 4 August 2000
Cuba Cuba 24 February 1976; amended July 1992 and June 2002 24 February 1976, amended July 1992 and June 2002
Cyprus Cyprus 16 August 1960


note: from December 1963, the Turkish Cypriots no longer participated in the government; negotiations to create the basis for a new or revised constitution to govern the island and for better relations between Greek and Turkish Cypriots have been held intermittently since the mid-1960s; in 1975, following the 1974 Turkish intervention, Turkish Cypriots created their own constitution and governing bodies within the "Turkish Federated State of Cyprus," which became the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC)" when the Turkish Cypriots declared their independence in 1983; a new constitution for the "TRNC" passed by referendum on 5 May 1985, although the "TRNC" remains unrecognized by any country other than Turkey
16 August 1960; from December 1963, the Turkish Cypriots no longer participated in the government; negotiations to create the basis for a new or revised constitution to govern the island and to better relations between Greek and Turkish Cypriots have been held intermittently since the mid-1960s; in 1975, following the 1974 Turkish intervention, Turkish Cypriots created their own constitution and governing bodies within the "Turkish Federated State of Cyprus," which became the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" when the Turkish Cypriots declared their independence in 1983; a new constitution for the "TRNC" passed by referendum on 5 May 1985
Czech Republic Czech Republic ratified 16 December 1992, effective 1 January 1993 ratified 16 December 1992; effective 1 January 1993
Denmark Denmark 5 June 1953 constitution allowed for a unicameral legislature and a female chief of state 5 June 1849 adoption of original constitution; a major overhaul of 5 June 1953 allowed for a unicameral legislature and a female chief of state
Dhekelia Dhekelia Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960 -
Dominican Republic Dominican Republic 28 November 1966; amended 25 July 2002 28 November 1966, amended 25 July 2002
East Timor East Timor - 22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)
Egypt Egypt 11 September 1971; amended 22 May 1980 and 25 May 2005 11 September 1971
El Salvador El Salvador 20 December 1983 23 December 1983
Eritrea Eritrea a transitional constitution, decreed on 19 May 1993, was replaced by a new constitution adopted on 23 May 1997, but not yet implemented the transitional constitution, decreed on 19 May 1993, was replaced by a new constitution adopted on 23 May 1997, but not yet implemented
Ethiopia Ethiopia ratified 8 December 1994, effective 22 August 1995 ratified December 1994; effective 22 August 1995
European Union European Union based on a series of treaties: the Treaty of Paris, which set up the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951; the Treaties of Rome, which set up the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) in 1957; the Single European Act in 1986; the Treaty on European Union (Maastricht) in 1992; the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997; and the Treaty of Nice in 2003; note - a new draft Constitutional Treaty, signed on 29 October 2004 in Rome, gave member states two years for ratification either by parliamentary vote or national referendum before it was scheduled to take effect on 1 November 2006; defeat in French and Dutch referenda in May-June 2005 dealt a severe setback to the ratification process; in June 2007, the European Council agreed on a clear and concise mandate for an Intergovernmental Conference to form a political agreement and put it into legal form; this agreement, known as the Reform Treaty, is to serve as a constitution and will be presented to the European Council in October 2007, in order to begin the ratification process based on a series of treaties: the Treaty of Paris, which set up the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951; the Treaties of Rome, which set up the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) in 1957; the Single European Act in 1986; the Treaty on European Union (Maastrict) in 1992; the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997; and the Treaty of Nice in 2001; note - a new draft Constitutional Treaty, signed on 29 October 2004 in Rome, gives member states two years for ratification either by parliamentary vote or national referendum before it is scheduled to take effect on 1 November 2006
Fiji Fiji enacted on 25 July 1997 to encourage multiculturalism and make multiparty government mandatory; effective 28 July 1998 promulgated on 25 July 1990 and amended on 25 July 1997 to allow nonethnic Fijians greater say in government and to make multiparty government mandatory; entered into force 28 July 1998; note - the May 1999 election was the first test of the amended constitution and introduced open voting - not racially prescribed - for the first time at the national level
France France adopted by referendum 28 September 1958, effective 4 October 1958


note: amended concerning election of president in 1962; amended to comply with provisions of 1992 EC Maastricht Treaty, 1996 Amsterdam Treaty, 2000 Treaty of Nice; amended to tighten immigration laws in 1993; amended in 2000 to change the seven-year presidential term to a five-year term; amended in 2005 to make the EU constitutional treaty compatible with the Constitution of France and to ensure that the decision to ratify EU accession treaties would be made by referendum
28 September 1958, amended concerning election of president in 1962, amended to comply with provisions of 1992 EC Maastricht Treaty, 1996 Amsterdam Treaty, 2000 Treaty of Nice; amended to tighten immigration laws in 1993; amended in 2000 to change the seven-year presidential term to a five-year term
French Guiana French Guiana - 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
French Polynesia French Polynesia 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Gambia, The Gambia, The approved by national referendum 8 August 1996; effective 16 January 1997 24 April 1970; suspended July 1994; rewritten and approved by national referendum 8 August 1996; reestablished January 1997
Georgia Georgia adopted 24 August 1995 adopted 17 October 1995
Germany Germany 23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united Germany 3 October 1990 23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united German people 3 October 1990
Gibraltar Gibraltar 5 June 2006; came into force 2 January 2007 30 May 1969
Guadeloupe Guadeloupe - 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Guam Guam Organic Act of Guam, 1 August 1950 Organic Act of 1 August 1950
Guatemala Guatemala 31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended 25 May 1993 by former President Jorge SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993 following ouster of president; amended November 1993 31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended 25 May 1993 by former President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993 following ouster of president; amended November 1993
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau 16 May 1984; amended 4 May 1991, 4 December 1991, 26 February 1993, 9 June 1993, and in 1996 16 May 1984, amended 4 May 1991, 4 December 1991, 26 February 1993, 9 June 1993, and 1996
Haiti Haiti approved March 1987; suspended June 1988 with most articles reinstated March 1989; constitutional government ousted in a military coup in September 1991, although in October 1991, military government claimed to be observing the constitution; returned to constitutional rule in October 1994; constitution, while technically in force between 2004-2006, was not enforced; returned to constitutional rule in May 2006 approved March 1987; suspended June 1988 with most articles reinstated March 1989; in October 1991 government claimed to be observing the constitution; returned to constitutional rule in October 1994
Holy See (Vatican City) Holy See (Vatican City) new Fundamental Law promulgated by Pope JOHN PAUL II on 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (replaces the first Fundamental Law of 1929) new Fundamental Law promulgated by Pope John Paul II on 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001 (replaces the first Fundamental Law of 1929)
Honduras Honduras 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended many times 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended 1995
Hong Kong Hong Kong Basic Law, approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress, is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution" Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution"
Hungary Hungary 18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949; revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997 amendment streamlined the judicial system 18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997 amendment streamlined the judicial system
Iceland Iceland 16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944; amended many times 16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944
India India 26 January 1950; amended many times 26 January 1950
Indonesia Indonesia August 1945; abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959; series of amendments concluded in 2002 August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959
Iraq Iraq ratified on 15 October 2005 (subject to review by the Constitutional Review Committee and a possible public referendum in 2007) interim constitution signed 8 March 2004; note - the Transitional Administrative Law (TAL) was enacted 8 March 2004 to govern the country until an elected Iraqi Transitional Government can draft and ratify a new constitution in 2005
Ireland Ireland adopted 1 July 1937 by plebiscite; effective 29 December 1937 29 December 1937; adopted 1 July 1937 by plebiscite
Isle of Man Isle of Man unwritten; note - The Isle of Man Constitution Act of 1961 does not embody the unwritten Manx Constitution unwritten; note - The Isle of Man Constitution Act, 1961, does not embody the unwritten Manx Constitution
Israel Israel no formal constitution; some of the functions of a constitution are filled by the Declaration of Establishment (1948), the Basic Laws of the parliament (Knesset), and the Israeli citizenship law; note - since May 2003 the Constitution, Law, and Justice Committee of the Knesset has been working on a draft constitution no formal constitution; some of the functions of a constitution are filled by the Declaration of Establishment (1948), the Basic Laws of the parliament (Knesset), and the Israeli citizenship law
Italy Italy passed 11 December 1947, effective 1 January 1948; amended many times passed 11 December 1947; effective 1 January 1948; amended many times
Jordan Jordan 1 January 1952; amended many times 8 January 1952
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan first post-independence constitution adopted 28 January 1993; new constitution adopted by national referendum 30 August 1995 adopted by national referendum 30 August 1995; first post-independence constitution was adopted 28 January 1993
Kenya Kenya 12 December 1963; amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1982, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997, 2001; note - a new draft constitution was defeated by popular referendum in 2005 12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001
Korea, North Korea, North adopted 1948; completely revised 27 December 1972, revised again in April 1992, and September 1998 adopted 1948, completely revised 27 December 1972, revised again in April 1992 and September 1998
Korea, South Korea, South 17 July 1948; note - amended or rewritten nine times; current constitution approved on 29 October 1987 17 July 1948
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President Askar AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February 2003 significantly expanded the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature; during large-scale demonstrations in November 2006, President BAKIYEV and the opposition negotiated a new constitution granting greater powers to the parliament and the government; amendments added on 30 December 2006 redistributed some power back to the president adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February 2003 significantly expands the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature
Latvia Latvia 15 February 1922; restored to force by the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Latvia adopted by the Supreme Council on 21 August 1991; multiple amendments since 15 February 1922; an October 1998 amendment on Fundamental Human Rights replaced the 1991 Constitutional Law, which had supplemented the constitution
Lebanon Lebanon 23 May 1926; amended a number of times, most recently Charter of Lebanese National Reconciliation (Ta'if Accord) of October 1989 23 May 1926, amended a number of times, most recently Charter of Lebanese National Reconciliation (Ta'if Accord) of October 1989
Libya Libya none; note - following the September 1969 military overthrow of the Libyan government, the Revolutionary Command Council replaced the existing constitution with the Constitutional Proclamation in December 1969; in March 1977, Libya adopted the Declaration of the Establishment of the People's Authority 11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977
Luxembourg Luxembourg 17 October 1868; occasional revisions 17 October 1868, occasional revisions
Macau Macau Basic Law, approved on 31 March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution" Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Macedonia Macedonia adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991; amended November 2001 by a series of new constitutional amendments strengthening minority rights and in 2005 with amendments related to the judiciary adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991


note: in November of 2001, the Macedonian Assembly approved a series of new constitutional amendments strengthening minority rights
Malaysia Malaysia 31 August 1957; amended 16 September 1963 31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963
Maldives Maldives adopted 1 January 1998 adopted January 1998
Malta Malta 1964 constitution; amended many times 1964 constitution substantially amended on 13 December 1974 and again in 1987
Martinique Martinique - 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Mayotte Mayotte 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Moldova Moldova new constitution adopted 29 July 1994, effective 27 August 1994; replaced old Soviet constitution of 1979 new constitution adopted 28 July 1994; replaces old Soviet constitution of 1979
Montenegro Montenegro 12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly); note - Montenegro is currently writing a new constitution set to be presented to Parliament in spring 2007 -
Montserrat Montserrat effective 19 December 1989 present constitution came into force 19 December 1989
Morocco Morocco 10 March 1972; revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create bicameral legislature) September 1996 10 March 1972, revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create bicameral legislature) September 1996
Namibia Namibia ratified 9 February 1990, effective 12 March 1990 ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990
Nauru Nauru 29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day) 29 January 1968
Nepal Nepal 9 November 1990; the government began working on an interim constitution in May 2006 9 November 1990
Netherlands Netherlands adopted 1815; amended many times, most recently in 2002 adopted 1815; amended many times, last time 2002
New Caledonia New Caledonia 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
New Zealand New Zealand consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments, as well as The Constitution Act 1986, which is the principal formal charter; adopted 1 January 1987, effective 1 January 1987 consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter
Nicaragua Nicaragua 9 January 1987; reforms in 1995, 2000, and 2005 9 January 1987, with reforms in 1995 and 2000
Niger Niger new constitution adopted 18 July 1999 a new constitution was adopted 18 July 1999
Nigeria Nigeria new constitution adopted 5 May 1999; effective 29 May 1999 new constitution adopted May 1999
Norfolk Island Norfolk Island Norfolk Island Act of 1979, as amended in 2005 Norfolk Island Act of 1979
Northern Mariana Islands Northern Mariana Islands Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978; Covenant Agreement fully effective 4 November 1986 Covenant Agreement effective 4 November 1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978
Norway Norway 17 May 1814; amended many times 17 May 1814, modified in 1884
Pakistan Pakistan 12 April 1973; suspended 5 July 1977, restored with amendments 30 December 1985; suspended 15 October 1999, restored in stages in 2002; amended 31 December 2003; suspended 3 November 2007 10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977, restored with amendments 30 December 1985; suspended 15 October 1999, restored 31 December 2002
Peru Peru 29 December 1993 31 December 1993
Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Islands 30 November 1838; reformed 1904 with additional reforms in 1940; further refined by the Local Government Ordinance of 1964 1838; reformed 1904 with additional reforms in 1940; further refined by the Local Government Ordinance of 1964
Portugal Portugal adopted 2 April 1976; effective 25 April 1976; revised many times 25 April 1976; revised 30 October 1982, 1 June 1989, 5 November 1992, 3 September 1997, 12 December 2001, and 24 July 2004
Qatar Qatar ratified by public referendum on 29 April 2003, endorsed by the amir on 8 June 2004, effective on 9 June 2005 provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution; in the 29 April 2003 referendum, 96.6% of Qatari voters approved the new constitution; on 8 June 2004 the new constitution came into force
Reunion Reunion - 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Romania Romania 8 December 1991; revision effective 29 October 2003 8 December 1991; revision came into force 29 October 2003
Rwanda Rwanda new constitution passed by referendum 26 May 2003 a new constitution was adopted 26 May 2003
Saint Barthelemy Saint Barthelemy 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) -
Saint Martin Saint Martin 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) -
Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre and Miquelon 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome and Principe approved March 1990, effective 10 September 1990 approved March 1990; effective 10 September 1990
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia governed according to Islamic law; the Basic Law that articulates the government's rights and responsibilities was promulgated by royal decree in 1992 governed according to Shari'a (Islamic law); the Basic Law that articulates the government's rights and responsibilities was introduced in 1993
Senegal Senegal adopted 7 January 2001 a new constitution was adopted 7 January 2001
Serbia Serbia adopted 8 November 2006; effective 10 November 2006 -
Serbia and Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro - 4 February 2003
Singapore Singapore 3 June 1959; amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution) 3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution)
Slovakia Slovakia ratified 1 September 1992, effective 1 January 1993; changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president; amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU membership ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993; changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president; amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU membership
Slovenia Slovenia adopted 23 December 1991 adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991
Somalia Somalia 25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979


note: the formation of transitional governing institutions, known as the Transitional Federal Government, is currently ongoing
25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979


note: the Transitional National Government formed in August 2000 had a three-year mandate to create a new constitution and hold elections, this goal was not achieved but the process is ongoing
South Africa South Africa 10 December 1996; this new constitution was certified by the Constitutional Court on 4 December 1996, was signed by then President MANDELA on 10 December 1996, and entered into effect on 4 February 1997; it is being implemented in phases 10 December 1996; this new constitution was certified by the Constitutional Court on 4 December 1996, was signed by then President MANDELA on 10 December 1996, and entered into effect on 3 February 1997; it is being implemented in phases
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands - adopted 3 October 1985
Spain Spain approved by legislature 31 October 1978; passed by referendum 6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978 6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka adopted 16 August 1978, certified 31 August 1978 adopted 16 August 1978
Sudan Sudan constitution implemented on 30 June 1998, partially suspended 12 December 1999 by President BASHIR; under the CPA, Interim National Constitution ratified 5 July 2005; Constitution of Southern Sudan signed December 2005 12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985; interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of 30 June 1989; new constitution implemented on 30 June 1998 partially suspended 12 December 1999 by President BASHIR
Suriname Suriname ratified 30 September 1987; effective 30 October 1987 ratified 30 September 1987
Swaziland Swaziland signed by the King in July 2005 went into effect on 8 February 2006 a constitution was adopted 14 November 2003
Switzerland Switzerland revision of Constitution of 1874 approved by the Federal Parliament 18 December 1998, adopted by referendum 18 April 1999, officially entered into force 1 January 2000 revision of Constitution of 1874 approved by the Federal Parliament 18 December 1998; adopted by referendum 18 April 1999; officially entered into force 1 January 2000
Taiwan Taiwan 25 December 1947; amended in 1992, 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2005


note: constitution adopted on 25 December 1946; went into effect on 25 December 1947
25 December 1946, amended in 1992, 1994, 1997, 1999, and 2000
Thailand Thailand constitution signed by King PHUMIPHON (BHUMIBOL) on 24 August 2007 new constitution signed by King PHUMIPHON on 11 October 1997
Timor-Leste Timor-Leste 22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model) -
Togo Togo multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992, adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992 multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992
Tokelau Tokelau administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970 administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970
Tonga Tonga 4 November 1875; revised 1 January 1967 4 November 1875, revised 1 January 1967
Tunisia Tunisia 1 June 1959; amended 1988, 2002 1 June 1959; amended 12 July 1988
Turks and Caicos Islands Turks and Caicos Islands Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution Order 2006 (effective 9 August 2006) introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Uganda Uganda 8 October 1995; in 2005 the constitution was amended removing presidential term limits and legalizing a multiparty political system 8 October 1995; adopted by the interim, 284-member Constituent Assembly, charged with debating the draft constitution that had been proposed in May 1993; the Constituent Assembly was dissolved upon the promulgation of the constitution in October 1995
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates 2 December 1971; made permanent in 1996 2 December 1971 (made permanent in 1996)
Uruguay Uruguay 27 November 1966, effective 15 February 1967; suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997 27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan adopted 8 December 1992 new constitution adopted 8 December 1992
Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Zambia Zambia 24 August 1991; amended in 1996 to establish presidential term limits 24 August 1991
Sitemap: Compare countries listing (map site) | Country listing (map site)
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.