Compare Languages (2001) - Languages (2005)

Compare Languages (2001) with Languages (2005)

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	Languages (2001)	Languages (2005)
Afghanistan	Pashtu 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism	Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50%, Pashtu (official) 35%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism
Akrotiri	-	English, Greek
Albania	Albanian (Tosk is the official dialect), Greek	Albanian (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek, Vlach, Romani, Slavic dialects
American Samoa	Samoan (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English note: most people are bilingual	Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2% note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)
Andorra	Catalan (official), French, Castilian	Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Armenia	Armenian 96%, Russian 2%, other 2%	Armenian 97.7%, Yezidi 1%, Russian 0.9%, other 0.4% (2001 census)
Australia	English, native languages	English 79.1%, Chinese 2.1%, Italian 1.9%, other 11.1%, unspecified 5.8% (2001 Census)
Austria	German	German (official nationwide), Slovene (official in Carinthia), Croatian (official in Burgenland), Hungarian (official in Burgenland)
Bahamas, The	English, Creole (among Haitian immigrants)	English (official), Creole (among Haitian immigrants)
Belarus	Byelorussian, Russian, other	Belarusian, Russian, other
Belgium	Dutch 58%, French 32%, German 10%, legally bilingual (Dutch and French)	Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German (official) less than 1%, legally bilingual (Dutch and French)
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian	Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
Botswana	English (official), Setswana	Setswana 78.2%, Kalanga 7.9%, Sekgalagadi 2.8%, English 2.1% (official), other 8.6%, unspecified 0.4% (2001 census)
Bulgaria	Bulgarian, secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic breakdown	Bulgarian 84.5%, Turkish 9.6%, Roma 4.1%, other and unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)
Canada	English 59.3% (official), French 23.2% (official), other 17.5%	English (official) 59.3%, French (official) 23.2%, other 17.5%
Central African Republic	French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), Arabic, Hunsa, Swahili	French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), tribal languages
Chad	French (official), Arabic (official), Sara and Sango (in south), more than 100 different languages and dialects	French (official), Arabic (official), Sara (in south), more than 120 different languages and dialects
Christmas Island	English, Chinese, Malay	English (official), Chinese, Malay
Cocos (Keeling) Islands	English, Malay	Malay (Cocos dialect), English
Comoros	Arabic (official), French (official), Comoran (a blend of Swahili and Arabic)	Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of Swahili and Arabic)
Congo, Republic of the	French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo has the most users)	French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo is the most widespread)
Costa Rica	Spanish (official), English spoken around Puerto Limon	Spanish (official), English
Croatia	Croatian 96%, other 4% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and German)	Croatian 96.1%, Serbian 1%, other and undesignated 2.9% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and German) (2001 census)
Denmark	Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority) note: English is the predominant second language	Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority) note: English is the predominant second language
Dhekelia	-	English, Greek
East Timor	-	Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English note: there are about 16 indigenous languages; Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people
Eritrea	Afar, Amharic, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages	Afar, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages
Estonia	Estonian (official), Russian, Ukrainian, English, Finnish, other	Estonian (official) 67.3%, Russian 29.7%, other 2.3%, unknown 0.7% (2000 census)
European Union	-	Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish; note - only official languages are listed; Irish (Gaelic) will become the twenty-first language on 1 January 2007
Finland	Finnish 93.4% (official), Swedish 5.9% (official), small Lapp- and Russian-speaking minorities	Finnish 92% (official), Swedish 5.6% (official), other 2.4% (small Sami- and Russian-speaking minorities) (2003)
French Polynesia	French (official), Tahitian (official)	French 61.1% (official), Polynesian 31.4% (official), Asian languages 1.2%, other 0.3%, unspecified 6% (2002 census)
Gabon	French (official), Fang, Myene, Bateke, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi	French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi
Georgia	Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7% note: Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia	Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7% note: Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia
Gibraltar	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Russian	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
Guam	English, Chamorro, Japanese	English 38.3%, Chamorro 22.2%, Philippine languages 22.2%, other Pacific island languages 6.8%, Asian languages 7%, other languages 3.5% (2000 census)
Guatemala	Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (more than 20 Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)	Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)
Hungary	Hungarian 98.2%, other 1.8%	Hungarian 93.6%, other or unspecified 6.4% (2001 census)
Iceland	Icelandic	Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken
India	English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication, Hindi the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people, Bengali (official), Telugu (official), Marathi (official), Tamil (official), Urdu (official), Gujarati (official), Malayalam (official), Kannada (official), Oriya (official), Punjabi (official), Assamese (official), Kashmiri (official), Sindhi (official), Sanskrit (official), Hindustani (a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India) note: 24 languages each spoken by a million or more persons; numerous other languages and dialects, for the most part mutually unintelligible	English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language
Ireland	English is the language generally used, Irish (Gaelic) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard	English (official) is the language generally used, Irish (official) (Gaelic or Gaeilge) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard
Jamaica	English, Creole	English, patois English
Jersey	English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts	English 94.5% (official), Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census)
Kazakhstan	Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 40%, Russian (official, used in everyday business) 66%	Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official, used in everyday business, designated the "language of interethnic communication") 95% (2001 est.)
Kiribati	English (official), I-Kiribati	I-Kiribati, English (official)
Kyrgyzstan	Kirghiz (Kyrgyz) - official language, Russian - official language note: in May 2000, the Kyrgyzstani legislature made Russian an official language, equal in status to Kirghiz	Kyrgyz (official), Russian (official)
Latvia	Latvian or Lettish (official), Lithuanian, Russian, other	Latvian (official) 58.2%, Russian 37.5%, Lithuanian and other 4.3% (2000 census)
Lithuania	Lithuanian (official), Polish, Russian	Lithuanian (official) 82%, Russian 8%, Polish 5.6%, other and unspecified 4.4% (2001 census)
Macau	Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese)	Cantonese 87.9%, Hokkien 4.4%, Mandarin 1.6%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 3% (2001 census)
Macedonia	-	Macedonian 66.5%, Albanian 25.1%, Turkish 3.5%, Roma 1.9%, Serbian 1.2%, other 1.8% (2002 census)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of	Macedonian 70%, Albanian 21%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian 3%, other 3%	-
Malawi	English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally	Chichewa 57.2% (official), Chinyanja 12.8%, Chiyao 10.1%, Chitumbuka 9.5%, Chisena 2.7%, Chilomwe 2.4%, Chitonga 1.7%, other 3.6% (1998 census)
Malaysia	Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest of which are Iban and Kadazan	Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai note: in addition, in East Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest are Iban and Kadazan
Marshall Islands	English (universally spoken and is the official language), two major Marshallese dialects from the Malayo-Polynesian family, Japanese	Marshallese 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999 census) note: English widely spoken as a second language; both Marshallese and English are official languages
Mauritania	Hasaniya Arabic (official), Pular, Soninke, Wolof (official), French	Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, French, Hassaniya, Wolof
Mauritius	English (official), Creole, French, Hindi, Urdu, Hakka, Bojpoori	Creole 80.5%, Bhojpuri 12.1%, French 3.4% (official), other 3.7%, unspecified 0.3% (2000 census)
Micronesia, Federated States of	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Mozambique	Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects	Emakhuwa 26.1%, Xichangana 11.3%, Portuguese 8.8% (official; spoken by 27% of population as a second language), Elomwe 7.6%, Cisena 6.8%, Echuwabo 5.8%, other Mozambican languages 32%, other foreign languages 0.3%, unspecified 1.3% (1997 census)
Nepal	Nepali (official; spoken by 90% of the population), about a dozen other languages and about 30 major dialects; note - many in government and business also speak English (1995)	Nepali 47.8%, Maithali 12.1%, Bhojpuri 7.4%, Tharu (Dagaura/Rana) 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.6%, Magar 3.3%, Awadhi 2.4%, other 10%, unspecified 2.5% (2001 census) note: many in government and business also speak English
Netherlands	Dutch	Dutch (official), Frisian (official)
Netherlands Antilles	Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect) predominates, English widely spoken, Spanish	Papiamento 65.4% (a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect), English 15.9% (widely spoken), Dutch 7.3% (official), Spanish 6.1%, Creole 1.6%, other 1.9%, unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)
New Zealand	English (official), Maori	English (official), Maori (official)
Nicaragua	Spanish (official) note: English and indigenous languages on Atlantic coast	Spanish 97.5% (official), Miskito 1.7%, other 0.8% (1995 census) note: English and indigenous languages on Atlantic coast
Niue	Polynesian closely related to Tongan and Samoan, English	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English
Northern Mariana Islands	English, Chamorro, Carolinian note: 86% of population speaks a language other than English at home	Philippine languages 24.4%, Chinese 23.4%, Chamorro 22.4%, English 10.8%, other Pacific island languages 9.5%, other 9.6% (2000 census)
Norway	Norwegian (official) note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities	Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official), small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
Palau	English and Palauan official in all states except Sonsoral (Sonsorolese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official)	Palauan 64.7% official in all islands except Sonsoral (Sonsoralese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official), Filipino 13.5%, English 9.4%, Chinese 5.7%, Carolinian 1.5%, Japanese 1.5%, other Asian 2.3%, other languages 1.5% (2000 census)
Panama	Spanish (official), English 14% note: many Panamanians bilingual	Spanish (official), English 14%; note - many Panamanians bilingual
Papua New Guinea	English spoken by 1%-2%, pidgin English widespread, Motu spoken in Papua region note: 715 indigenous languages	Melanesian Pidgin serves as the lingua franca, English spoken by 1%-2%, Motu spoken in Papua region note: 715 indigenous languages - many unrelated
Peru	Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara	Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara, and a large number of minor Amazonian languages
Philippines	two official languages - Filipino (based on Tagalog) and English, eight major dialects - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocan, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense	two official languages - Filipino (based on Tagalog) and English; eight major dialects - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinan
Poland	Polish	Polish 97.8%, other and unspecified 2.2% (2002 census)
Portugal	Portuguese	Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official - but locally used)
Romania	Romanian, Hungarian, German	Romanian (official), Hungarian, German
Russia	Russian, other	Russian, many minority languages
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	French	French (official)
Serbia and Montenegro	-	Serbian 95%, Albanian 5%
Seychelles	English (official), French (official), Creole	Creole 91.8%, English 4.9% (official), other 3.1%, unspecified 0.2% (2002 census)
Singapore	Chinese (official), Malay (official and national), Tamil (official), English (official)	Mandarin 35%, English 23%, Malay 14.1%, Hokkien 11.4%, Cantonese 5.7%, Teochew 4.9%, Tamil 3.2%, other Chinese dialects 1.8%, other 0.9% (2000 census)
Slovakia	Slovak (official), Hungarian	Slovak (official) 83.9%, Hungarian 10.7%, Roma 1.8%, Ukrainian 1%, other or unspecified 2.6% (2001 census)
Slovenia	Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 6%, other 3%	Slovenian 91.1%, Serbo-Croatian 4.5%, other or unspecified 4.4% (2002 census)
Solomon Islands	Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua franca, English spoken by 1%-2% of population note: 120 indigenous languages	Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua franca; English is official but spoken by only 1%-2% of the population note: 120 indigenous languages
South Africa	11 official languages, including Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu	IsiZulu 23.8%, IsiXhosa 17.6%, Afrikaans 13.3%, Sepedi 9.4%, English 8.2%, Setswana 8.2%, Sesotho 7.9%, Xitsonga 4.4%, other 7.2% (2001 census)
Spain	Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%	Castilian Spanish 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%; note - Castilian is the official language nationwide; the other languages are official regionally
Sri Lanka	Sinhala (official and national language) 74%, Tamil (national language) 18%, other 8% note: English is commonly used in government and is spoken competently by about 10% of the population	Sinhala (official and national language) 74%, Tamil (national language) 18%, other 8% note: English is commonly used in government and is spoken competently by about 10% of the population
Sudan	Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English note: program of "Arabization" in process	Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English note: program of "Arabization" in process
Svalbard	Russian, Norwegian	Norwegian, Russian
Sweden	Swedish note: small Lapp- and Finnish-speaking minorities	Swedish, small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
Switzerland	German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 19.2%, Italian (official) 7.6%, Romansch 0.6%, other 8.9%	German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 20.4%, Italian (official) 6.5%, Serbo-Croatian 1.5%, Albanian 1.3%, Portuguese 1.2%, Spanish 1.1%, English 1%, Romansch 0.5%, other 2.8% (2000 census) note: German, French, Italian, and Romansch are all national languages, but only the first three are official languages
Tanzania	Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguju (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages note: Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources, including Arabic and English, and it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages	Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguja (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages note: Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources, including Arabic and English, and it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages
Tuvalu	Tuvaluan, English	Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)
Ukraine	Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian, Polish, Hungarian	Ukrainian (official) 67%, Russian 24%; small Romanian-, Polish-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities
United States	English, Spanish (spoken by a sizable minority)	English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European 3.8%, Asian and Pacific island 2.7%, other 0.7% (2000 census)
Vanuatu	English (official), French (official), pidgin (known as Bislama or Bichelama)	local languages (more than 100) 72.6%, pidgin (known as Bislama or Bichelama) 23.1%, English 1.9%, French 1.4%, other 0.3%, unspecified 0.7% (1999 Census)
Virgin Islands	English (official), Spanish, Creole	English 74.7%, Spanish or Spanish Creole 16.8%, French or French Creole 6.6%, other 1.9% (2000 census)
Wallis and Futuna	French, Wallisian (indigenous Polynesian language)	Wallisian 58.9% (indigenous Polynesian language), Futunian 30.1%, French 10.8%, other 0.2% (2003 census)
World	-	Chinese, Mandarin 13.69%, Spanish 5.05%, English 4.84%, Hindi 2.82%, Portuguese 2.77%, Bengali 2.68%, Russian 2.27%, Japanese 1.99%, German, Standard 1.49%, Chinese, Wu 1.21% (2004 est.) note: percents are for "first language" speakers only
Yugoslavia	Serbian 95%, Albanian 5%	-