Languages (2008)

Languages - select year:
- Languages (2001) (compare)
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- Languages (2007) (compare)

Informations about Languages in 2008 year

	Afghanistan	Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50%, Pashto (official) 35%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism
	Akrotiri	English, Greek
	Albania	Albanian (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek, Vlach, Romani, Slavic dialects
	Algeria	Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects
	American Samoa	Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2% note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)
	Andorra	Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
	Angola	Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
	Anguilla	English (official)
	Antigua and Barbuda	English (official), local dialects
	Argentina	Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French
	Armenia	Armenian 97.7%, Yezidi 1%, Russian 0.9%, other 0.4% (2001 census)
	Aruba	Papiamento (a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect) 66.3%, Spanish 12.6%, English (widely spoken) 7.7%, Dutch (official) 5.8%, other 2.2%, unspecified or unknown 5.3% (2000 census)
	Australia	English 79.1%, Chinese 2.1%, Italian 1.9%, other 11.1%, unspecified 5.8% (2001 Census)
	Austria	German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%, Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene,official in Carinthia, and Hungarian, official in Burgenland) 5.3% (2001 census)
	Azerbaijan	Azerbaijani (Azeri) 90.3%, Lezgi 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.3%, unspecified 1% (1999 census)
	Bahamas, The	English (official), Creole (among Haitian immigrants)
	Bahrain	Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu
	Bangladesh	Bangla (official, also known as Bengali), English
	Barbados	English
	Belarus	Belarusian, Russian, other
	Belgium	Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German (official) less than 1%, legally bilingual (Dutch and French)
	Belize	Spanish 46%, Creole 32.9%, Mayan dialects 8.9%, English 3.9% (official), Garifuna 3.4% (Carib), German 3.3%, other 1.4%, unknown 0.2% (2000 census)
	Benin	French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north)
	Bermuda	English (official), Portuguese
	Bhutan	Dzongkha (official), Bhotes speak various Tibetan dialects, Nepalese speak various Nepalese dialects
	Bolivia	Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara (official)
	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
	Botswana	Setswana 78.2%, Kalanga 7.9%, Sekgalagadi 2.8%, English 2.1% (official), other 8.6%, unspecified 0.4% (2001 census)
	Brazil	Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, French
	British Virgin Islands	English (official)
	Brunei	Malay (official), English, Chinese
	Bulgaria	Bulgarian 84.5%, Turkish 9.6%, Roma 4.1%, other and unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)
	Burkina Faso	French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population
	Burma	Burmese, minority ethnic groups have their own languages
	Burundi	Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area)
	Cambodia	Khmer (official) 95%, French, English
	Cameroon	24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)
	Canada	English (official) 59.3%, French (official) 23.2%, other 17.5%
	Cape Verde	Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
	Cayman Islands	English
	Central African Republic	French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), tribal languages
	Chad	French (official), Arabic (official), Sara (in south), more than 120 different languages and dialects
	Chile	Spanish
	China	Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)
	Christmas Island	English (official), Chinese, Malay
	Cocos (Keeling) Islands	Malay (Cocos dialect), English
	Colombia	Spanish
	Comoros	Arabic (official), French (official), Shikomoro (a blend of Swahili and Arabic)
	Congo, Democratic Republic of the	French (official), Lingala (a lingua franca trade language), Kingwana (a dialect of Kiswahili or Swahili), Kikongo, Tshiluba
	Congo, Republic of the	French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo is the most widespread)
	Cook Islands	English (official), Maori
	Costa Rica	Spanish (official), English
	Cote d'Ivoire	French (official), 60 native dialects with Dioula the most widely spoken
	Croatia	Croatian 96.1%, Serbian 1%, other and undesignated 2.9% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and German) (2001 census)
	Cuba	Spanish
	Cyprus	Greek, Turkish, English
	Czech Republic	Czech 94.9%, Slovak 2%, other 2.3%, unidentified 0.8% (2001 census)
	Denmark	Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority) note: English is the predominant second language
	Dhekelia	English, Greek
	Djibouti	French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar
	Dominica	English (official), French patois
	Dominican Republic	Spanish
	Ecuador	Spanish (official), Amerindian languages (especially Quechua)
	Egypt	Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by educated classes
	El Salvador	Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)
	Equatorial Guinea	Spanish 67.6% (official), other 32.4% (includes French (official), Fang, Bubi) (1994 census)
	Eritrea	Afar, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages
	Estonia	Estonian (official) 67.3%, Russian 29.7%, other 2.3%, unknown 0.7% (2000 census)
	Ethiopia	Amarigna 32.7%, Oromigna 31.6%, Tigrigna 6.1%, Somaligna 6%, Guaragigna 3.5%, Sidamigna 3.5%, Hadiyigna 1.7%, other 14.8%, English (major foreign language taught in schools) (1994 census)
	European Union	Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Gaelic, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish note: only official languages are listed; German, the major language of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, is the most widely spoken mother tongue - over 19% of the EU population; English is the most widely spoken language - about 49% of the EU population is conversant with it (2007)
	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	English
	Faroe Islands	Faroese (derived from Old Norse), Danish
	Fiji	English (official), Fijian (official), Hindustani
	Finland	Finnish 92% (official), Swedish 5.6% (official), other 2.4% (small Sami- and Russian-speaking minorities) (2003)
	France	French 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects and languages (Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish) overseas departments: French, Creole patois
	French Polynesia	French 61.1% (official), Polynesian 31.4% (official), Asian languages 1.2%, other 0.3%, unspecified 6% (2002 census)
	Gabon	French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi
	Gambia, The	English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous vernaculars
	Gaza Strip	Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by many Palestinians), English (widely understood)
	Georgia	Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7% note: Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia
	Germany	German
	Ghana	Asante 14.8%, Ewe 12.7%, Fante 9.9%, Boron (Brong) 4.6%, Dagomba 4.3%, Dangme 4.3%, Dagarte (Dagaba) 3.7%, Akyem 3.4%, Ga 3.4%, Akuapem 2.9%, other 36.1% (includes English (official)) (2000 census)
	Gibraltar	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
	Greece	Greek 99% (official), other 1% (includes English and French)
	Greenland	Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English
	Grenada	English (official), French patois
	Guam	English 38.3%, Chamorro 22.2%, Philippine languages 22.2%, other Pacific island languages 6.8%, Asian languages 7%, other languages 3.5% (2000 census)
	Guatemala	Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)
	Guernsey	English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts
	Guinea	French (official); note - each ethnic group has its own language
	Guinea-Bissau	Portuguese (official), Crioulo, African languages
	Guyana	English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Urdu
	Haiti	French (official), Creole (official)
	Holy See (Vatican City)	Italian, Latin, French, various other languages
	Honduras	Spanish, Amerindian dialects
	Hong Kong	Chinese (Cantonese) 89.2% (official), other Chinese dialects 6.4%, English 3.2% (official), other 1.2% (2001 census)
	Hungary	Hungarian 93.6%, other or unspecified 6.4% (2001 census)
	Iceland	Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken
	India	English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 21 other official languages: Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanscrit, Santhali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language
	Indonesia	Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (the most widely spoken of which is Javanese)
	Iran	Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%
	Iraq	Arabic, Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Assyrian, Armenian
	Ireland	English (official) is the language generally used, Irish (Gaelic or Gaeilge) (official) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard
	Isle of Man	English, Manx Gaelic
	Israel	Hebrew (official), Arabic used officially for Arab minority, English most commonly used foreign language
	Italy	Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German speaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)
	Jamaica	English, English patois
	Japan	Japanese
	Jersey	English 94.5% (official), Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census)
	Jordan	Arabic (official), English widely understood among upper and middle classes
	Kazakhstan	Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official, used in everyday business, designated the "language of interethnic communication") 95% (2001 est.)
	Kenya	English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages
	Kiribati	I-Kiribati, English (official)
	Korea, North	Korean
	Korea, South	Korean, English widely taught in junior high and high school
	Kosovo	Albanian, Serbian, Bosniak, Turkish
	Kuwait	Arabic (official), English widely spoken
	Kyrgyzstan	Kyrgyz 64.7% (official), Uzbek 13.6%, Russian 12.5% (official), Dungun 1%, other 8.2% (1999 census)
	Laos	Lao (official), French, English, and various ethnic languages
	Latvia	Latvian (official) 58.2%, Russian 37.5%, Lithuanian and other 4.3% (2000 census)
	Lebanon	Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian
	Lesotho	Sesotho (southern Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa
	Liberia	English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic group languages, of which a few can be written and are used in correspondence
	Libya	Arabic, Italian, English, all are widely understood in the major cities
	Liechtenstein	German (official), Alemannic dialect
	Lithuania	Lithuanian (official) 82%, Russian 8%, Polish 5.6%, other and unspecified 4.4% (2001 census)
	Luxembourg	Luxembourgish (national language), German (administrative language), French (administrative language)
	Macau	Cantonese 87.9%, Hokkien 4.4%, Mandarin 1.6%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 3% (2001 census)
	Macedonia	Macedonian 66.5%, Albanian 25.1%, Turkish 3.5%, Roma 1.9%, Serbian 1.2%, other 1.8% (2002 census)
	Madagascar	English (official), French (official), Malagasy (official)
	Malawi	Chichewa 57.2% (official), Chinyanja 12.8%, Chiyao 10.1%, Chitumbuka 9.5%, Chisena 2.7%, Chilomwe 2.4%, Chitonga 1.7%, other 3.6% (1998 census)
	Malaysia	Bahasa Malaysia (official), English, Chinese (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai note: in East Malaysia there are several indigenous languages; most widely spoken are Iban and Kadazan
	Maldives	Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from Arabic), English spoken by most government officials
	Mali	French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
	Malta	Maltese (official), English (official)
	Marshall Islands	Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999 census) note: English (official), widely spoken as a second language
	Mauritania	Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, French, Hassaniya, Wolof
	Mauritius	Creole 80.5%, Bhojpuri 12.1%, French 3.4%, English (official; spoken by less than 1% of the population), other 3.7%, unspecified 0.3% (2000 census)
	Mayotte	Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population
	Mexico	Spanish, various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional indigenous languages
	Micronesia, Federated States of	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
	Moldova	Moldovan (official, virtually the same as the Romanian language), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect)
	Monaco	French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
	Mongolia	Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian (1999)
	Montenegro	Serbian (official; Ijekavian dialect), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian
	Montserrat	English
	Morocco	Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often the language of business, government, and diplomacy
	Mozambique	Emakhuwa 26.1%, Xichangana 11.3%, Portuguese 8.8% (official; spoken by 27% of population as a second language), Elomwe 7.6%, Cisena 6.8%, Echuwabo 5.8%, other Mozambican languages 32%, other foreign languages 0.3%, unspecified 1.3% (1997 census)
	Namibia	English 7% (official), Afrikaans common language of most of the population and about 60% of the white population, German 32%, indigenous languages 1% (includes Oshivambo, Herero, Nama)
	Nauru	Nauruan (official; a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes
	Nepal	Nepali 47.8%, Maithali 12.1%, Bhojpuri 7.4%, Tharu (Dagaura/Rana) 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.6%, Magar 3.3%, Awadhi 2.4%, other 10%, unspecified 2.5% (2001 census) note: many in government and business also speak English (2001 est.)
	Netherlands	Dutch (official), Frisian (official)
	Netherlands Antilles	Papiamento 65.4% (a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect), English 15.9% (widely spoken), Dutch 7.3% (official), Spanish 6.1%, Creole 1.6%, other 1.9%, unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)
	New Caledonia	French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects
	New Zealand	English (official), Maori (official), Sign Language (official)
	Nicaragua	Spanish 97.5% (official), Miskito 1.7%, other 0.8% (1995 census) note: English and indigenous languages on Atlantic coast
	Niger	French (official), Hausa, Djerma
	Nigeria	English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani
	Niue	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English
	Norfolk Island	English (official), Norfolk - a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian
	Northern Mariana Islands	Philippine languages 24.4%, Chinese 23.4%, Chamorro 22.4%, English 10.8%, other Pacific island languages 9.5%, other 9.6% (2000 census)
	Norway	Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official), small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities; note - Sami is official in six municipalities
	Oman	Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects
	Pakistan	Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski and other 8%
	Palau	Palauan 64.7% official in all islands except Sonsoral (Sonsoralese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official), Filipino 13.5%, English 9.4%, Chinese 5.7%, Carolinian 1.5%, Japanese 1.5%, other Asian 2.3%, other languages 1.5% (2000 census)
	Panama	Spanish (official), English 14%; note - many Panamanians bilingual
	Papua New Guinea	Melanesian Pidgin serves as the lingua franca, English spoken by 1%-2%, Motu spoken in Papua region note: 820 indigenous languages spoken (over one-tenth of the world's total)
	Paraguay	Spanish (official), Guarani (official)
	Peru	Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara, and a large number of minor Amazonian languages
	Philippines	Filipino (official; based on Tagalog) and English (official); eight major dialects - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinan
	Pitcairn Islands	English (official), Pitkern (mixture of an 18th century English dialect and a Tahitian dialect)
	Poland	Polish 97.8%, other and unspecified 2.2% (2002 census)
	Portugal	Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official - but locally used)
	Puerto Rico	Spanish, English
	Qatar	Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language
	Romania	Romanian 91% (official), Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2%
	Russia	Russian, many minority languages
	Rwanda	Kinyarwanda (official) universal Bantu vernacular, French (official), English (official), Kiswahili (Swahili) used in commercial centers
	Saint Barthelemy	French (primary), English
	Saint Helena	English
	Saint Kitts and Nevis	English
	Saint Lucia	English (official), French patois
	Saint Martin	French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles)
	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	French (official)
	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	English, French patois
	Samoa	Samoan (Polynesian), English
	San Marino	Italian
	Sao Tome and Principe	Portuguese (official)
	Saudi Arabia	Arabic
	Senegal	French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka
	Serbia	Serbian 88.3% (official), Hungarian 3.8%, Bosniak 1.8%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 4.1%, unknown 0.9% (2002 census) note: Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak, Ukrainian, and Croatian all official in Vojvodina
	Seychelles	Creole 91.8%, English 4.9% (official), other 3.1%, unspecified 0.2% (2002 census)
	Sierra Leone	English (official, regular use limited to literate minority), Mende (principal vernacular in the south), Temne (principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the population but understood by 95%)
	Singapore	Mandarin 35%, English 23%, Malay 14.1%, Hokkien 11.4%, Cantonese 5.7%, Teochew 4.9%, Tamil 3.2%, other Chinese dialects 1.8%, other 0.9% (2000 census)
	Slovakia	Slovak (official) 83.9%, Hungarian 10.7%, Roma 1.8%, Ukrainian 1%, other or unspecified 2.6% (2001 census)
	Slovenia	Slovenian 91.1%, Serbo-Croatian 4.5%, other or unspecified 4.4% (2002 census)
	Solomon Islands	Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua franca; English (official; but spoken by only 1%-2% of the population); 120 indigenous languages
	Somalia	Somali (official), Arabic, Italian, English
	South Africa	IsiZulu 23.8%, IsiXhosa 17.6%, Afrikaans 13.3%, Sepedi 9.4%, English 8.2%, Setswana 8.2%, Sesotho 7.9%, Xitsonga 4.4%, other 7.2% (2001 census)
	Spain	Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%, are official regionally
	Sri Lanka	Sinhala (official and national language) 74%, Tamil (national language) 18%, other 8% note: English is commonly used in government and is spoken competently by about 10% of the population
	Sudan	Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English note: program of "Arabization" in process
	Suriname	Dutch (official), English (widely spoken), Sranang Tongo (Surinamese, sometimes called Taki-Taki, is native language of Creoles and much of the younger population and is lingua franca among others), Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Javanese
	Svalbard	Norwegian, Russian
	Swaziland	English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official)
	Sweden	Swedish, small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
	Switzerland	German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 20.4%, Italian (official) 6.5%, Serbo-Croatian 1.5%, Albanian 1.3%, Portuguese 1.2%, Spanish 1.1%, English 1%, Romansch (official) 0.5%, other 2.8% (2000 census) note: German, French, Italian, and Romansch are all national and official languages
	Syria	Arabic (official); Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian widely understood; French, English somewhat understood
	Taiwan	Mandarin Chinese (official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialects
	Tajikistan	Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business
	Tanzania	Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguja (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages note: Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources including Arabic and English; it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages
	Thailand	Thai, English (secondary language of the elite), ethnic and regional dialects
	Timor-Leste	Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English note: there are about 16 indigenous languages; Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people
	Togo	French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north)
	Tokelau	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
	Tonga	Tongan, English
	Trinidad and Tobago	English (official), Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), French, Spanish, Chinese
	Tunisia	Arabic (official and one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce)
	Turkey	Turkish (official), Kurdish, Dimli (or Zaza), Azeri, Kabardian note: there is also a substantial Gagauz population in the European part of Turkey
	Turkmenistan	Turkmen 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%
	Turks and Caicos Islands	English (official)
	Tuvalu	Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)
	Uganda	English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic
	Ukraine	Ukrainian (official) 67%, Russian 24%, other 9% (includes small Romanian-, Polish-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities)
	United Arab Emirates	Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu
	United Kingdom	English, Welsh (about 26% of the population of Wales), Scottish form of Gaelic (about 60,000 in Scotland)
	United States	English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European 3.8%, Asian and Pacific island 2.7%, other 0.7% (2000 census) note: Hawaiian is an official language in the state of Hawaii
	Uruguay	Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero (Portuguese-Spanish mix on the Brazilian frontier)
	Uzbekistan	Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%
	Vanuatu	local languages (more than 100) 72.6%, pidgin (known as Bislama or Bichelama) 23.1%, English 1.9%, French 1.4%, other 0.3%, unspecified 0.7% (1999 Census)
	Venezuela	Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects
	Vietnam	Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer; mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)
	Virgin Islands	English 74.7%, Spanish or Spanish Creole 16.8%, French or French Creole 6.6%, other 1.9% (2000 census)
	Wallis and Futuna	Wallisian 58.9% (indigenous Polynesian language), Futunian 30.1%, French 10.8%, other 0.2% (2003 census)
	West Bank	Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood)
	Western Sahara	Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic
	World	Mandarin Chinese 13.22%, Spanish 4.88%, English 4.68%, Arabic 3.12%, Hindi 2.74%, Portuguese 2.69%, Bengali 2.59%, Russian 2.2%, Japanese 1.85%, Standard German 1.44%, Wu Chinese 1.17% (2005 est.) note: percents are for "first language" speakers only
	Yemen	Arabic
	Zambia	English (official), major vernaculars - Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi, Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages
	Zimbabwe	English (official), Shona, Sindebele (the language of the Ndebele, sometimes called Ndebele), numerous but minor tribal dialects