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Compare Independence (2002) - Independence (2007)

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  Independence (2002)Independence (2007)
Albania Albania 28 November 1912 (from Ottoman Empire) 28 November 1912 (from the Ottoman Empire)
Andorra Andorra 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel) 1278 (formed under the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Urgel)
Austria Austria 1156 (from Bavaria) 976 (Margravate of Austria established); 17 September 1156 (Duchy of Austria founded); 11 August 1804 (Austrian Empire proclaimed); 12 November 1918 (republic proclaimed)
Belgium Belgium 4 October 1830 a provisional government declared independence from the Netherlands; 21 July 1831 the ascension of King Leopold I to the throne 4 October 1830 (a provisional government declared independence from the Netherlands); 21 July 1831 (King LEOPOLD I ascended to the throne)
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 March 1992 (from Yugoslavia; referendum for independence was completed 1 March 1992; independence was declared 3 March 1992) 1 March 1992 (from Yugoslavia; referendum for independence completed 1 March 1992; independence declared 3 March 1992)
Bulgaria Bulgaria 3 March 1878 (from Ottoman Empire) 3 March 1878 (as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire); 22 September 1908 (complete independence from the Ottoman Empire)
Canada Canada 1 July 1867 (from UK) 1 July 1867 (union of British North American colonies); 11 December 1931 (recognized by UK)
China China 221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty 221 BC; Qing or Ch'ing Dynasty replaced by the Republic on 12 February 1912; People's Republic established 1 October 1949) 221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Manchu Dynasty replaced by a Republic); 1 October 1949 (People's Republic established)
Cote d'Ivoire Cote d'Ivoire 7 August (1960) (from France) 7 August 1960 (from France)
Cuba Cuba 20 May 1902 (from Spain 10 December 1898; administered by the US from 1898 to 1902) 20 May 1902 (from Spain 10 December 1898; administered by the US from 1898 to 1902); not acknowledged by the Cuban Government as a day of independence
Cyprus Cyprus 16 August 1960 (from UK); note - Turkish Cypriot area proclaimed self-rule on 13 February 1975 16 August 1960 (from UK); note - Turkish Cypriots proclaimed self-rule on 13 February 1975 and independence in 1983, but these proclamations are only recognized by Turkey
East Timor East Timor 28 November 1975 (date of proclamation of independence from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of East Timor's independence from Indonesia -
Estonia Estonia regained on 20 August 1991 (from Soviet Union) 20 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
European Union European Union - 7 February 1992 (Maastricht Treaty signed establishing the EU); 1 November 1993 (Maastricht Treaty entered into force)
France France 486 (unified by Clovis) 486 (Frankish tribes unified); 843 (Western Francia established from the division of the Carolingian Empire)
French Guiana French Guiana none (overseas department of France) -
French Polynesia French Polynesia none (overseas territory of France) none (overseas lands of France)
Greenland Greenland none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979)


note: foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland
none (extensive self-rule as part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland)
Guadeloupe Guadeloupe none (overseas department of France) -
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau 24 September 1973 (unilaterally declared by Guinea-Bissau); 10 September 1974 (recognized by Portugal) 24 September 1973 (declared); 10 September 1974 (recognized by Portugal)
Holy See (Vatican City) Holy See (Vatican City) 11 February 1929 (from Italy)


note: on 11 February 1929, three treaties were signed with Italy which, among other things, recognized the full sovereignty of the Vatican and established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal States, which over the years have varied considerably in extent, may be traced back to the 8th century
11 February 1929 (from Italy); note - the three treaties signed with Italy on 11 February 1929 acknowledged, among other things, the full sovereignty of the Vatican and established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal States, which over the years have varied considerably in extent, may be traced back to the 8th century
Hungary Hungary 1001 (unification by King Stephen I) 1001 (unification by King STEPHEN I)
Indonesia Indonesia 17 August 1945 (proclaimed independence; on 27 December 1949, Indonesia became legally independent from the Netherlands) 17 August 1945 (declared)


note: recognized by the Netherlands on 27 December 1949; in August 2005, the Netherlands announced it recognized de facto Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945
Iraq Iraq 3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration) 3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration); note - on 28 June 2004 the Coalition Provisional Authority transferred sovereignty to the Iraqi Interim Government
Japan Japan 660 BC (traditional founding by Emperor Jimmu) 660 B.C. (traditional founding by Emperor JIMMU)
Latvia Latvia 21 August 1991 (from Soviet Union) 18 November 1918 (from Soviet Russia)
Libya Libya 24 December 1951 (from Italy) 24 December 1951 (from UN trusteeship)
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein 23 January 1719 Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein established; 12 July 1806 established independence from the Holy Roman Empire 23 January 1719 (Principality of Liechtenstein established); 12 July 1806 (independence from the Holy Roman Empire)
Lithuania Lithuania 11 March 1990 (independence declared from Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (Soviet Union recognizes Lithuania's independence) 11 March 1990 (declared); 6 September 1991 (recognized by Soviet Union)
Macedonia Macedonia - 8 September 1991 (referendum by registered voters endorsed independence from Yugoslavia)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of 8 September 1991 referendum by registered voters endorsing independence (from Yugoslavia) -
Martinique Martinique none (overseas department of France) -
Mayotte Mayotte none (territorial collectivity of France) none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Mexico Mexico 16 September 1810 (from Spain) 16 September 1810 (declared); 27 September 1821 (recognized by Spain)
Micronesia, Federated States of Micronesia, Federated States of 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship) 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
Monaco Monaco 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi) 1419 (beginning of rule by the House of Grimaldi)
Montenegro Montenegro - 3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro)
Nepal Nepal 1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah) 1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan SHAH)
Netherlands Netherlands 1579 (from Spain); note - the northern provinces of the Low Country concluded the Union of Utrecht, but it was 1648 before Spain finally recognized their independence 23 January 1579 (the northern provinces of the Low Countries conclude the Union of Utrecht breaking with Spain; on 26 July 1581 they formally declared their independence with an Act of Abjuration; however, it was not until 30 January 1648 and the Peace of Westphalia that Spain recognized this independence)
Norway Norway 7 June 1905 Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved; 26 October 1905 Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union 7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union)
Palau Palau 1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship) 1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
Philippines Philippines 4 July 1946 (from US) 12 June 1898 (independence proclaimed from Spain); 4 July 1946 (from the US)
Poland Poland 11 November 1918 (independent republic proclaimed) 11 November 1918 (republic proclaimed)
Portugal Portugal 1143 (independent republic proclaimed 5 October 1910) 1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910 (republic proclaimed)
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico none (commonwealth associated with the US) none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)
Reunion Reunion none (overseas department of France) -
Romania Romania 9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from Turkey; independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin; kingdom proclaimed 26 March 1881; republic proclaimed 30 December 1947) 9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from the Ottoman Empire; independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin); 26 March 1881 (kingdom proclaimed); 30 December 1947 (republic proclaimed)
Saint Barthelemy Saint Barthelemy - none (overseas collectivity of France)
Saint Martin Saint Martin - none (overseas collectivity of France)
San Marino San Marino 3 September 301 3 September AD 301
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 23 September 1932 (Unification of the Kingdom) 23 September 1932 (unification of the kingdom)
Senegal Senegal 4 April 1960 (from France); complete independence was achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960 4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960
Serbia Serbia - 5 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro)
Serbia and Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro 27 April 1992 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or FRY formed as self-proclaimed successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or SFRY) -
Singapore Singapore 9 August 1965 (from Malaysia) 9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation)
South Africa South Africa 31 May 1910 (from UK) 31 May 1910 (Union of South Africa formed from four British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange Free State); 31 May 1961 (republic declared)
Spain Spain the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of independent kingdoms prior to the Moslem occupation that began in the early 8th Century A. D. and lasted nearly seven centuries; the small Christian redoubts of the north began the reconquest almost immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of independent kingdoms prior to the Muslim occupation that began in the early 8th century A.D. and lasted nearly seven centuries; the small Christian redoubts of the north began the reconquest almost immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain
Suriname Suriname 25 November 1975 (from Netherlands) 25 November 1975 (from the Netherlands)
Switzerland Switzerland 1 August 1291 (Founding of the Swiss Confederation) 1 August 1291 (founding of the Swiss Confederation)
Timor-Leste Timor-Leste - 28 November 1975 (independence proclaimed from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of Timor-Leste's independence from Indonesia
Ukraine Ukraine 24 August 1991 (from Soviet Union) 24 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)
United Kingdom United Kingdom England has existed as a unified entity since the 10th century; the union between England and Wales was enacted under the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284; in the Act of Union of 1707, England and Scotland agreed to permanent union as Great Britain; the legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland was implemented in 1801, with the adoption of the name the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 formalized a partition of Ireland; six northern Irish counties remained part of the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland and the current name of the country, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, was adopted in 1927 England has existed as a unified entity since the 10th century; the union between England and Wales, begun in 1284 with the Statute of Rhuddlan, was not formalized until 1536 with an Act of Union; in another Act of Union in 1707, England and Scotland agreed to permanently join as Great Britain; the legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland was implemented in 1801, with the adoption of the name the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 formalized a partition of Ireland; six northern Irish counties remained part of the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland and the current name of the country, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, was adopted in 1927
Virgin Islands Virgin Islands - none (territory of the US)
Yemen Yemen 22 May 1990, Republic of Yemen was established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; previously North Yemen had become independent on NA November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK) 22 May 1990 (Republic of Yemen established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]); note - previously North Yemen had become independent in November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen became independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK)
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