Languages (2002) | Languages (2004) | ||
Afghanistan | Pashtu 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism | Pashtu (official) 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism | |
Albania | Albanian (Tosk is the official dialect), Greek | Albanian (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek, Vlach, Romani, Slavic dialects | |
Austria | German | German (official nationwide), Slovene (official in Carinthia), Croatian (official in Burgenland), Hungarian (official in Burgenland) | |
Bahamas, The | English, Creole (among Haitian immigrants) | English (official), Creole (among Haitian immigrants) | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian | Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian | |
Congo, Republic of the | French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo has the most users) | French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo is the most widespread) | |
Costa Rica | Spanish (official), English spoken around Puerto Limon | Spanish (official), English | |
East Timor | Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English
note: there are a total of about 16 indigenous languages, of which Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people |
Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English
note: there are about 16 indigenous languages; Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people |
|
Eritrea | Afar, Amharic, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages | Afar, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other Cushitic languages | |
European Union | - | Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish; note - only official languages are listed | |
Finland | Finnish 93.4% (official), Swedish 5.9% (official), small Lapp- and Russian-speaking minorities | Finnish 93.4% (official), Swedish 5.9% (official), small Sami- and Russian-speaking minorities | |
Ireland | English is the language generally used, Irish (Gaelic) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard | English is the language generally used, Irish (Gaelic or Gaeilge) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard | |
Macedonia | - | Macedonian 68%, Albanian 25%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian 2%, other 2% | |
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of | Macedonian 70%, Albanian 21%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian 3%, other 3% | - | |
Malaysia | Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest of which are Iban and Kadazan | Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East Malaysia several indigenous languages are spoken, the largest are Iban and Kadazan | |
Mauritania | Hassaniya Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, Wolof (official), French | Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, French, Hassaniya, Wolof | |
Moldova | Moldovan (official, virtually the same as the Romanian language), Russian (official), Gagauz (a Turkish dialect) | Moldovan (official, virtually the same as the Romanian language), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect) | |
Mozambique | Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects | Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, numerous other indigenous languages, Portuguese (official; spoken by 27% of population as a second language) | |
Netherlands | Dutch | Dutch (official language), Frisian (official language) | |
Norway | Norwegian (official)
note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities |
Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official)
note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities |
|
Palau | English and Palauan official in all states except Sonsoral (Sonsorolese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official) | English and Palauan official in all states except Sonsoral (Sonsoralese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official) | |
Papua New Guinea | English spoken by 1%-2%, pidgin English widespread, Motu spoken in Papua region
note: 715 indigenous languages |
Melanesian Pidgin serves as the lingua franca, English spoken by 1%-2%, Motu spoken in Papua region
note: 715 indigenous languages -- many unrelated |
|
Peru | Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara | Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara, and a large number of minor Amazonian languages | |
Portugal | Portuguese | Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official - but locally used) | |
Romania | Romanian, Hungarian, German | Romanian (official), Hungarian, German | |
Slovenia | Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 6%, other 3% | Slovenian 92%, Serbo-Croatian 6.2%, other 1.8% | |
Spain | Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2% | Castilian Spanish 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%
note: Castilian is the official language nationwide; the other languages are official regionally |
|
Svalbard | Russian, Norwegian | Norwegian, Russian | |
Switzerland | German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 19.2%, Italian (official) 7.6%, Romansch 0.6%, other 8.9% | German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 19.2%, Italian (official) 7.6%, Romansch (official) 0.6%, other 8.9% |