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Compare Tanzania (2001) - Andorra (2004)

Compare Tanzania (2001) z Andorra (2004)

 Tanzania (2001)Andorra (2004)
 TanzaniaAndorra
Administrative divisions 25 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kagera, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar Urban/West 7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Age structure 0-14 years:
44.76% (male 8,152,438; female 8,063,520)

15-64 years:
52.35% (male 9,387,737; female 9,581,518)

65 years and over:
2.89% (male 473,498; female 573,363) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 15% (male 5,478; female 4,988)


15-64 years: 71.6% (male 26,268; female 23,766)


65 years and over: 13.4% (male 4,659; female 4,706) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves (Zanzibar), corn, wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep
Airports 126 (2000 est.) none
Airports - with paved runways total:
11

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
5

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
-
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
115

1,524 to 2,437 m:
17

914 to 1,523 m:
63

under 914 m:
35 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
945,087 sq km

land:
886,037 sq km

water:
59,050 sq km

note:
includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar
total: 468 sq km


land: 468 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than twice the size of California 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Shortly after independence, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.
Birth rate 39.65 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.32 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues:
$1.21 billion

expenditures:
$1.36 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $385 million


expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997)
Capital Dar es Salaam; note - legislative offices have been transferred to Dodoma, which is planned as the new national capital; the National Assembly now meets there on regular basis Andorra la Vella
Climate varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Coastline 1,424 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984 Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993
Country name conventional long form:
United Republic of Tanzania

conventional short form:
Tanzania

former:
United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar
conventional long form: Principality of Andorra


conventional short form: Andorra


local long form: Principat d'Andorra


local short form: Andorra
Currency Tanzanian shilling (TZS) euro (EUR)
Death rate 12.95 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $6.8 billion (2000 est.) NA
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Charge d'Affaires Wanda NESBITT

embassy:
140 Msese Road, Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam

mailing address:
P. O. Box 9123, Dar es Salaam

telephone:
[255] (22) 666010 through 666015

FAX:
[255] (22) 666701
the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Mustafa Salim NYANG'ANYI

chancery:
2139 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 939-6125

FAX:
[1] (202) 797-7408
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA


chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064


FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
Disputes - international dispute with Malawi over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi); a resurvey of the latitudinal boundary with Uganda in 2000 revealed a 300-meter discrepancy that both sides are currently adjudicating none
Economic aid - recipient $963 million (1997) none
Economy - overview Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, which accounts for half of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs 80% of the work force. Topography and climatic conditions, however, limit cultivated crops to only 4% of the land area. Industry is mainly limited to processing agricultural products and light consumer goods. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and bilateral donors have provided funds to rehabilitate Tanzania's deteriorated economic infrastructure. Growth in 1991-2000 featured a pick up in industrial production and a substantial increase in output of minerals, led by gold. Natural gas exploration in the Rufiji Delta looks promising and production could start by 2002. Recent banking reforms have helped increase private sector growth and investment. Continued donor support and solid macroeconomic policies should allow Tanzania to achieve real GDP growth of 6% in 2001 and in 2002. Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.
Electricity - consumption 2.134 billion kWh (1999) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 43 million kWh (1999) NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Electricity - production 2.248 billion kWh (1999) NA kWh
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
22.24%

hydro:
77.76%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Kilimanjaro 5,895 m
lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m


highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
Environment - current issues soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Nuclear Test Ban
party to: Hazardous Wastes


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups mainland - native African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, native African, mixed Arab and native African Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)
Exchange rates Tanzanian shillings per US dollar - 803.34 (December 2000), 800.41 (2000), 744.76 (1999), 664.67 (1998), 612.12 (1997), 579.98 (1996) euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995); Vice President Omar Ali JUMA (since 23 November 1995); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995); Vice President Omar Ali JUMA (since 23 November 1995); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

note:
Zanzibar elects a president who is head of government for matters internal to Zanzibar; Amani Abeid KARUME was elected to that office on 29 October 2000

cabinet:
Cabinet ministers, including the prime minister, are appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ballot by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 29 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Benjamin William MKAPA reelected president; percent of vote - Benjamin William MKAPA 71.7%, Ibrahim Haruna LIPUMBA 16.3%, Augustine Lyatonga MREME 7.8%, John Momose CHEYO 4.2%
chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002); Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003), represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since NA)


head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994)


cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president


elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held April-May 2005)


election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%
Exports $937 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $58 million f.o.b. (1998)
Exports - commodities coffee, manufactured goods, cotton, cashew nuts, minerals, tobacco, sisal (1996) tobacco products, furniture
Exports - partners India 20%, UK 10%, Germany 8%, Japan 8%, Netherlands 8%, Belgium 4% (1998) Spain 58%, France 34% (2000)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description divided diagonally by a yellow-edged black band from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is blue three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
GDP purchasing power parity - $25.1 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
49%

industry:
17%

services:
34% (1998 est.)
agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $710 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.2% (2000 est.) 3.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 6 00 S, 35 00 E 42 30 N, 1 30 E
Geography - note Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
Highways total:
88,200 km

paved:
3,704 km

unpaved:
84,496 km (1996)
total: 269 km


paved: 198 km


unpaved: 71 km (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
2.9%

highest 10%:
30.2% (1993)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs growing role in transshipment of Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined for South African, European, and US markets and of South Asian methaqualone bound for Southern Africa -
Imports $1.57 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $1.077 billion (1998)
Imports - commodities consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, industrial raw materials, crude oil consumer goods, food, electricity
Imports - partners South Africa 8%, Japan 8%, UK 8%, Kenya 7%, India 6%, US 5% (1998) Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2000)
Independence 26 April 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 December 1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship); Zanzibar became independent 19 December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)
Industrial production growth rate 8.4% (1999 est.) NA
Industries primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine), diamond and gold mining, oil refining, shoes, cement, textiles, wood products, fertilizer, salt tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking
Infant mortality rate 79.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 4.05 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6% (2000 est.) 4.3% (2000)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G- 6, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO CE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 6 (2000) -
Irrigated land 1,500 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Permanent Commission of Enquiry (official ombudsman); Court of Appeal (consists of a chief justice and four judges); High Court (consists of a Jaji Kiongozi and 29 judges appointed by the president; holds regular sessions in all regions); District Courts; Primary Courts (limited jurisdiction and appeals can be made to the higher courts) Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional
Labor force 13.495 million 33,000 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 80%, industry and commerce 20% (2000 est.) agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total:
3,402 km

border countries:
Burundi 451 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km
total: 120.3 km


border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Land use arable land:
3%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
40%

forests and woodland:
38%

other:
18% (1993 est.)
arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.78% (2001)
Languages Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguju (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages

note:
Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources, including Arabic and English, and it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages
Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Legal system based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (274 seats - 232 elected by popular vote, 37 allocated to women nominated by the president, five to members of the Zanzibar House of Representatives; members serve five-year terms); note - in addition to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of Tanzania, the Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland; Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives to make laws especially for Zanzibar (the Zanzibar House of Representatives has 50 seats, directly elected by universal suffrage to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 29 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2005)

election results:
National Assembly: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CCM 244, CUF 16, CHADEMA 4, TLP 3, UDP 2, Zanzibar representatives 5; Zanzibar House of Representatives: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CCM 34, CUF 16
unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March-April 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, other 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
51.98 years

male:
51.04 years

female:
52.95 years (2001 est.)
total population: 83.5 years


male: 80.59 years


female: 86.59 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write Kiswahili (Swahili), English, or Arabic

total population:
67.8%

male:
79.4%

female:
56.8% (1995 est.)
definition: NA


total population: 100%


male: NA


female: NA
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain
Map references Africa Europe
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 21,987 GRT/27,121 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 1 (2000 est.)
-
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
Military branches Tanzanian People's Defense Force or TPDF (includes Army, Navy, and Air Force), paramilitary Police Field Force Unit, Militia no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra
Military expenditures - dollar figure $21 million (FY98/99) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.2% (FY98/99) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
8,365,337 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
4,841,095 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Union Day (Tanganyika and Zanzibar), 26 April (1964) Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)
Nationality noun:
Tanzanian(s)

adjective:
Tanzanian
noun: Andorran(s)


adjective: Andorran
Natural hazards flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought avalanches
Natural resources hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Net migration rate -0.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 982 km -
Political parties and leaders Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo or CHADEMA [Bob MAKANI, chairman]; Chama Cha Mapinduzi or CCM (Revolutionary Party) [Benjamin William MKAPA, chairman]; Civic United Front or CUF [Seif Sharif HAMAD, secretary-general]; Democratic Party (unregistered) [Reverend Christopher MTIKLA, leader]; National Convention for Construction and Reform or NCCR [Kassim MAGUTU, secretary-general]; Tanzania Labor Party or TLP [Augustine Lyatonga MREMA, chairman]; Union for Multiparty Democracy or UMD [leader NA]; United Democratic Party or UDP [John CHEYO, leader] Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT]; Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 36,232,074

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
69,865 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 51.1% (1991 est.) NA
Population growth rate 2.61% (2001 est.) 1% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Bukoba, Dar es Salaam, Kigoma, Kilwa Masoko, Lindi, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pangani, Tanga, Wete, Zanzibar none
Radio broadcast stations AM 12, FM 11, shortwave 2 (1998) AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 8.8 million (1997) -
Railways total:
3,569 km (1995)

narrow gauge:
2,600 km 1.000-m gauge; 969 km 1.067-m gauge

note:
the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA), which operates 1,860 km of 1.067-m narrow gauge track between Dar es Salaam and Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia (of which 969 km are in Tanzania and 891 km are in Zambia) is not a part of Tanzania Railways Corporation; because of the difference in gauge, this system does not connect to Tanzania Railways
-
Religions mainland - Christian 45%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 20%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim Roman Catholic (predominant)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.83 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
fair system operating below capacity and being modernized for better service; VSAT (very small aperture terminal) system under construction

domestic:
trunk service provided by open wire, microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and fiber-optic cable; some links being made digital

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: NA


domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges


international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain
Telephones - main lines in use 127,000 (1998) 35,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 30,000 (1999) 23,500 (2001)
Television broadcast stations 3 (1999) 0 (1997)
Terrain plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Total fertility rate 5.42 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.28 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 0% (1996 est.)
Waterways note:
Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa are principal avenues of commerce between Tanzania and its neighbors on those lakes
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