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Compare Suffrage (2001) - Suffrage (2004)

Compare Suffrage (2001) with Suffrage (2004)

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  Suffrage (2001)Suffrage (2004)
Afghanistan Afghanistan NA; previously males 15-50 years of age 18 years of age; universal
Albania Albania 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal
Algeria Algeria 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
American Samoa American Samoa 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Andorra Andorra 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Angola Angola 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Anguilla Anguilla 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Argentina Argentina 18 years of age; universal and mandatory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Armenia Armenia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Aruba Aruba 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Australia Australia 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Austria Austria 19 years of age; universal; compulsory for presidential elections 18 years of age; universal; compulsory for presidential elections
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Bahamas, The Bahamas, The 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Bahrain Bahrain none 18 years of age; universal
Bangladesh Bangladesh 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Barbados Barbados 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Belarus Belarus 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Belgium Belgium 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Belize Belize 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Benin Benin 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Bermuda Bermuda 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Bhutan Bhutan each family has one vote in village-level elections each family has one vote in village-level elections; note - in late 2003 Bhutan's legislature passed a new election law
Bolivia Bolivia 18 years of age, universal and compulsory (married); 21 years of age, universal and compulsory (single) 18 years of age, universal and compulsory (married); 21 years of age, universal and compulsory (single)
Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal 18 years of age, universal
Botswana Botswana 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Brazil Brazil voluntary between 16 and 18 years of age and over 70; compulsory over 18 and under 70 years of age voluntary between 16 and 18 years of age and over 70; compulsory over 18 and under 70 years of age; note - military conscripts do not vote
British Virgin Islands British Virgin Islands 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Brunei Brunei none none
Bulgaria Bulgaria 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso universal universal
Burma Burma 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Burundi Burundi NA years of age; universal adult NA years of age; universal adult
Cambodia Cambodia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Cameroon Cameroon 20 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Canada Canada 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Cape Verde Cape Verde 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Cayman Islands Cayman Islands 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Central African Republic Central African Republic 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Chad Chad 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Chile Chile 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
China China 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cocos (Keeling) Islands NA NA
Colombia Colombia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Comoros Comoros 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Republic of the 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Cook Islands Cook Islands NA years of age; universal adult NA years of age; universal adult
Costa Rica Costa Rica 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Cote d'Ivoire Cote d'Ivoire 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Croatia Croatia 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed) 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)
Cuba Cuba 16 years of age; universal 16 years of age; universal
Cyprus Cyprus 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Czech Republic Czech Republic 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Denmark Denmark 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Djibouti Djibouti NA years of age; universal adult 18 years of age; universal adult
Dominica Dominica 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Dominican Republic Dominican Republic 18 years of age, universal and compulsory; married persons regardless of age

note:
members of the armed forces and police cannot vote		 18 years of age, universal and compulsory; married persons regardless of age


note: members of the armed forces and national police cannot vote
East Timor East Timor - 17 years of age; universal
Ecuador Ecuador 18 years of age; universal, compulsory for literate persons ages 18-65, optional for other eligible voters 18 years of age; universal, compulsory for literate persons ages 18-65, optional for other eligible voters
Egypt Egypt 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
El Salvador El Salvador 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea 18 years of age; universal adult 18 years of age; universal adult
Eritrea Eritrea 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Estonia Estonia 18 years of age; universal for all Estonian citizens 18 years of age; universal for all Estonian citizens
Ethiopia Ethiopia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
European Union European Union - 18 years of age; universal
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Faroe Islands Faroe Islands 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Fiji Fiji 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Finland Finland 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
France France 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
French Guiana French Guiana 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
French Polynesia French Polynesia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Gabon Gabon 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Gambia, The Gambia, The 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Georgia Georgia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Germany Germany 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Ghana Ghana 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Gibraltar Gibraltar 18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more 18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more
Greece Greece 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Greenland Greenland 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Grenada Grenada 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Guadeloupe Guadeloupe 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Guam Guam 18 years of age; universal; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections 18 years of age; universal; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections
Guatemala Guatemala 18 years of age; universal (active duty members of the armed forces may not vote) 18 years of age; universal (active duty members of the armed forces may not vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day)
Guernsey Guernsey 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Guinea Guinea 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Guyana Guyana 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Haiti Haiti 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Holy See (Vatican City) Holy See (Vatican City) limited to cardinals less than 80 years old limited to cardinals less than 80 years old
Honduras Honduras 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Hong Kong Hong Kong direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 100,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 200,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies
Hungary Hungary 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Iceland Iceland 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
India India 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Indonesia Indonesia 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age
Iran Iran 15 years of age; universal 15 years of age; universal
Iraq Iraq 18 years of age; universal formerly 18 years of age; universal
Ireland Ireland 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Isle of Man Isle of Man 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Israel Israel 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Italy Italy 18 years of age; universal (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25) 18 years of age; universal (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25)
Jamaica Jamaica 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Japan Japan 20 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Jersey Jersey NA years of age; universal adult NA years of age; universal adult
Jordan Jordan 20 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Kenya Kenya 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Kiribati Kiribati 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Korea, North Korea, North 17 years of age; universal 17 years of age; universal
Korea, South Korea, South 20 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Kuwait Kuwait adult males who have been naturalized for 30 years or more or have resided in Kuwait since before 1920 and their male descendants at age 21

note:
only 10% of all citizens are eligible to vote; in 1996, naturalized citizens who do not meet the pre-1920 qualification but have been naturalized for 30 years were eligible to vote for the first time		 adult males who have been naturalized for 30 years or more or have resided in Kuwait since before 1920 and their male descendants at age 21


note: only 10% of all citizens are eligible to vote; in 1996, naturalized citizens who do not meet the pre-1920 qualification but have been naturalized for 30 years were eligible to vote for the first time
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Laos Laos 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Latvia Latvia 18 years of age; universal for Latvian citizens 18 years of age; universal for Latvian citizens
Lebanon Lebanon 21 years of age; compulsory for all males; authorized for women at age 21 with elementary education 21 years of age; compulsory for all males; authorized for women at age 21 with elementary education
Lesotho Lesotho 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Liberia Liberia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Libya Libya 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein 20 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Lithuania Lithuania 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Luxembourg Luxembourg 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Macau Macau direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies
Macedonia Macedonia - 18 years of age; universal
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of 18 years of age; universal -
Madagascar Madagascar 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Malawi Malawi 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Malaysia Malaysia 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Maldives Maldives 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Mali Mali 21 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Malta Malta 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Marshall Islands Marshall Islands 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Martinique Martinique 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Mauritania Mauritania 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Mauritius Mauritius 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Mayotte Mayotte 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Mexico Mexico 18 years of age; universal and compulsory (but not enforced) 18 years of age; universal and compulsory (but not enforced)
Micronesia, Federated States of Micronesia, Federated States of 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Moldova Moldova 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Monaco Monaco 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Mongolia Mongolia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Montserrat Montserrat 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Morocco Morocco 21 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal (as of January 2003)
Mozambique Mozambique 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Namibia Namibia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Nauru Nauru 20 years of age; universal and compulsory 20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Nepal Nepal 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Netherlands Netherlands 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Netherlands Antilles Netherlands Antilles 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
New Caledonia New Caledonia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
New Zealand New Zealand 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Nicaragua Nicaragua 16 years of age; universal 16 years of age; universal
Niger Niger 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Nigeria Nigeria 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Niue Niue 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Norfolk Island Norfolk Island 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Northern Mariana Islands Northern Mariana Islands 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Norway Norway 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Oman Oman in Oman's most recent elections in 2000, limited to approximately 175,000 Omanis chosen by the government to vote in elections for the Majlis ash-Shura in Oman's most recent Majlis al-Shura elections in 2003, suffrage was universal for all Omanis over age 21 except for members of the military and security forces; the next Majlis al-Shura elections are scheduled for 2007
Pakistan Pakistan 21 years of age; universal; separate electorates and reserved parliamentary seats for non-Muslims 18 years of age; universal; joint electorates and reserved parliamentary seats for women and non-Muslims
Palau Palau 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Panama Panama 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Paraguay Paraguay 18 years of age; universal and compulsory up to age 75 18 years of age; universal and compulsory up to age 75
Peru Peru 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70; note - members of the military may not vote
Philippines Philippines 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Islands 18 years of age; universal with three years residency 18 years of age; universal with three years residency
Poland Poland 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Portugal Portugal 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico 18 years of age; universal; indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections 18 years of age; universal; island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Qatar Qatar suffrage is limited to municipal elections 18 years of age; universal
Reunion Reunion 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Romania Romania 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Russia Russia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Rwanda Rwanda 18 years of age; universal adult 18 years of age; universal adult
Saint Helena Saint Helena NA years of age NA years of age
Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Kitts and Nevis 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Saint Lucia Saint Lucia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre and Miquelon 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Samoa Samoa 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
San Marino San Marino 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome and Principe 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia none none adult male citizens age 21 or older


note: voter registration began in November 2004 for partial municipal council elections scheduled nationwide for February through April 2005
Senegal Senegal 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Serbia and Montenegro Serbia and Montenegro - 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal
Seychelles Seychelles 17 years of age; universal 17 years of age; universal
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Singapore Singapore 21 years of age; universal and compulsory 21 years of age; universal and compulsory
Slovakia Slovakia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Slovenia Slovenia 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed) 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Somalia Somalia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
South Africa South Africa 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Spain Spain 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Sudan Sudan 17 years of age; universal, but noncompulsory 17 years of age; universal, but noncompulsory
Suriname Suriname 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Swaziland Swaziland 18 years of age 18 years of age
Sweden Sweden 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Switzerland Switzerland 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Syria Syria 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Taiwan Taiwan 20 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Tajikistan Tajikistan 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Tanzania Tanzania 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Thailand Thailand 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Togo Togo NA years of age; universal adult NA years of age; universal adult
Tokelau Tokelau 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Tonga Tonga 21 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Tunisia Tunisia 20 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Turkey Turkey 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Turks and Caicos Islands Turks and Caicos Islands 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Tuvalu Tuvalu 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Uganda Uganda 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Ukraine Ukraine 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates none none
United Kingdom United Kingdom 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
United States United States 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Uruguay Uruguay 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Vanuatu Vanuatu 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Venezuela Venezuela 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Vietnam Vietnam 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Virgin Islands Virgin Islands 18 years of age; universal; note - indigenous inhabitants are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections 18 years of age; universal; note - island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Western Sahara Western Sahara none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign has yet to be completed none; a UN-sponsored voter identification campaign not yet completed
Yemen Yemen 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Yugoslavia Yugoslavia 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal -
Zambia Zambia 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
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