Andorra (2004)

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Andorra 2004 year


Administrative divisions	7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Age structure	0-14 years: 15% (male 5,478; female 4,988) 15-64 years: 71.6% (male 26,268; female 23,766) 65 years and over: 13.4% (male 4,659; female 4,706) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep
Airports	none
Area	total: 468 sq km land: 468 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.
Birth rate	9.32 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $385 million expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997)
Capital	Andorra la Vella
Climate	temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra
Currency	euro (EUR)
Death rate	5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	NA
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064 FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
Disputes - international	none
Economic aid - recipient	none
Economy - overview	Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Electricity - production	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal
Environment - international agreements	party to: Hazardous Wastes signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002); Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003), represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since NA) head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994) cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held April-May 2005) election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%
Exports	0 kWh (2002)
Exports	$58 million f.o.b. (1998)
Exports - commodities	tobacco products, furniture
Exports - partners	Spain 58%, France 34% (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year
Flag description	three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	42 30 N, 1 30 E
Geography - note	landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
Highways	total: 269 km paved: 198 km unpaved: 71 km (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Imports	$1.077 billion (1998)
Imports - commodities	consumer goods, food, electricity
Imports - partners	Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2000)
Independence	1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)
Industrial production growth rate	NA
Industries	tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking
Infant mortality rate	total: 4.05 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4.3% (2000)
International organization participation	CE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Irrigated land	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional
Labor force	33,000 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 120.3 km border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Land use	arable land: 2.22% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.78% (2001)
Languages	Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Legal system	based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March-April 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, other 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 83.5 years male: 80.59 years female: 86.59 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 100% male: NA female: NA
Location	Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain
Map references	Europe
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
Military branches	no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra
National holiday	Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)
Nationality	noun: Andorran(s) adjective: Andorran
Natural hazards	avalanches
Natural resources	hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Net migration rate	6.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT]; Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA
Population	69,865 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA
Population growth rate	1% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	none
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic (predominant)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain
Telephones - main lines in use	35,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	23,500 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	0 (1997)
Terrain	rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Total fertility rate	1.28 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	0% (1996 est.)

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