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Compare Djibouti (2001) - Guatemala (2004)

Compare Djibouti (2001) z Guatemala (2004)

 Djibouti (2001)Guatemala (2004)
 DjiboutiGuatemala
Administrative divisions 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); 'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura 22 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa
Age structure 0-14 years:
42.58% (male 98,314; female 97,859)

15-64 years:
54.58% (male 132,619; female 118,841)

65 years and over:
2.84% (male 6,787; female 6,280) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 42.6% (male 3,118,396; female 2,970,729)


15-64 years: 54% (male 3,898,939; female 3,817,435)


65 years and over: 3.3% (male 221,154; female 253,943) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens
Airports 12 (2000 est.) 452 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 11


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 441


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 8


914 to 1,523 m: 109


under 914 m: 323 (2004 est.)
Area total:
22,000 sq km

land:
21,980 sq km

water:
20 sq km
total: 108,890 sq km


land: 108,430 sq km


water: 460 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Massachusetts slightly smaller than Tennessee
Background The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels. The Maya civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had led to the death of more than 100,000 people and had created some 1 million refugees.
Birth rate 40.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 34.58 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues:
$133 million

expenditures:
$187 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $2.741 billion


expenditures: $3.316 billion, including capital expenditures of $750 million (2003 est.)
Capital Djibouti Guatemala
Climate desert; torrid, dry tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands
Coastline 314 km 400 km
Constitution multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992 31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended 25 May 1993 by former President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993 following ouster of president; amended November 1993
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Djibouti

conventional short form:
Djibouti

former:
French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland
conventional long form: Republic of Guatemala


conventional short form: Guatemala


local long form: Republica de Guatemala


local short form: Guatemala
Currency Djiboutian franc (DJF) quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed
Death rate 14.66 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.79 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $356 million (1999 est.) $4.957 billion (2003 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald YAMAMOTO

embassy:
Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti

mailing address:
B. P. 185, Djibouti

telephone:
[253] 35 39 95

FAX:
[253] 35 39 40
chief of mission: Ambassador John R. HAMILTON


embassy: 7-01 Avenida Reforma, Zone 10, Guatemala City


mailing address: APO AA 34024


telephone: [502] 2331-1541/55


FAX: [502] 2334-8477
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador ROBLE Olhaye Oudine

chancery:
Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005

telephone:
[1] (202) 331-0270

FAX:
[1] (202) 331-0302
chief of mission: Ambassador Guillermo CASTILLO


chancery: 2220 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 745-4952


FAX: [1] (202) 745-1908


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, and San Francisco
Disputes - international none Guatemalan squatters continue to settle in Belize border region; OAS brokered Differendum in 2002 creating small adjustment to land boundary, large Guatemalan maritime corridor in Caribbean, joint ecological park for disputed Sapodilla Cays, and substantial US-UK financial package, but agreement was not brought to popular referendum leaving Guatemala to continue to claim the southern half of Belize intact; numbers of Guatemalans enter Mexico seeking work or transit to the US
Economic aid - recipient $106.3 million (1995) $250 million (2000 est.)
Economy - overview The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 40% to 50% continues to be a major problem. Inflation is not a concern, however, because of the fixed tie of the franc to the US dollar. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors. The year 2001 will see only small growth as port activity should decrease now that Ethiopia has more trade route options. Guatemala is the largest and most populous of the Central American countries with a GDP per capita roughly one-half that of Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. The agricultural sector accounts for about one-fourth of GDP, two-thirds of exports, and half of the labor force. Coffee, sugar, and bananas are the main products. The 1996 signing of peace accords, which ended 36 years of civil war, removed a major obstacle to foreign investment, but widespread political violence and corruption scandals continue to dampen investor confidence. The distribution of income remains highly unequal, with perhaps 75% of the population below the poverty line. Ongoing challenges include increasing government revenues, negotiating further assistance from international donors, upgrading both government and private financial operations, curtailing drug trafficking, and narrowing the trade deficit.
Electricity - consumption 167.4 million kWh (1999) 5.559 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 336 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 95 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 180 million kWh (1999) 6.237 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Lac Assal -155 m

highest point:
Moussa Ali 2,028 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Volcan Tajumulco 4,211 m
Environment - current issues inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification deforestation in the Peten rainforest; soil erosion; water pollution
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5% Mestizo (mixed Amerindian-Spanish or assimilated Amerindian - in local Spanish called Ladino), approximately 55%, Amerindian or predominantly Amerindian, approximately 43%, whites and others 2%
Exchange rates Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973) quetzales per US dollar - 7.9409 (2003), 7.8216 (2002), 7.8586 (2001), 7.7632 (2000), 7.3856 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state:
President GUELLEH Ismail Omar (since 8 May 1999);

head of government:
Prime Minister DILLEITA Mohamed Dilleita (since 4 March 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers responsible to the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 9 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
GUELLEH Ismail Omar elected president; percent of vote - GUELLEH Ismail Omar 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6%
chief of state: President Oscar Jose Rafael BERGER Perdomo (since 14 January 2004); Vice President Eduardo STEIN Barillas (since 14 January 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Oscar Jose Rafael BERGER Perdomo (since 14 January 2004); Vice President Eduardo STEIN Barillas (since 14 January 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 9 November 2003; runoff held 28 December 2003 (next to be held NA November 2007)


election results: Oscar BERGER Perdomo elected president; percent of vote - Oscar BERGER Perdomo (GANA) 54.1%, Alvaro COLOM (UNE) 45.9%
Exports $260 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit) coffee, sugar, bananas, fruits and vegetables, cardamom, meat, apparel, petroleum, electricity
Exports - partners Somalia 53%, Yemen 23%, Ethiopia 5%, (1998) US 56.7%, El Salvador 10.8%, Nicaragua 3.6% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center three equal vertical bands of light blue (hoist side), white, and light blue with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms includes a green and red quetzal (the national bird) and a scroll bearing the inscription LIBERTAD 15 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (the original date of independence from Spain) all superimposed on a pair of crossed rifles and a pair of crossed swords and framed by a wreath
GDP purchasing power parity - $574 million (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $56.5 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
22%

services:
75% (1998 est.)
agriculture: 22.5%


industry: 18.9%


services: 58.5% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $4,100 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2% (2000 est.) 2.1% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 11 30 N, 43 00 E 15 30 N, 90 15 W
Geography - note strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland no natural harbors on west coast
Highways total:
2,890 km

paved:
364 km

unpaved:
2,526 km (1996)
total: 14,118 km


paved: 4,871 km (including 74 km of expressways)


unpaved: 9,247 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 1.6%


highest 10%: 46% (1998)
Illicit drugs - major transit country for cocaine and heroin; minor producer of illicit opium poppy and cannabis for mostly domestic consumption; proximity to Mexico makes Guatemala a major staging area for drugs (particularly for cocaine); money laundering is a serious problem; corruption is a major problem; remains on Financial Action Task Force Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories List for continued failure to address deficiencies in money-laundering control regime
Imports $440 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity
Imports - partners France 13%, Ethiopia 12%, Italy 9%, Saudi Arabia 6%, UK 6% (1998) US 34.1%, Mexico 8.8%, South Korea 7.8%, El Salvador 6.4%, China 4.6% (2003)
Independence 27 June 1977 (from France) 15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate 3% (1996 est.) 4.1% (1999)
Industries limited to a few small-scale enterprises, such as dairy products and mineral-water bottling sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism
Infant mortality rate 101.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 36.91 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 37.71 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 36.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2% (2000 est.) 5.5% (2003 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, ONUB, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 1,250 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour Supreme Constitutional Court or Corte de Constitutcionalidad is Guatemala's highest court (five judges are elected for concurrent five-year terms by Congress, each serving one year as president of the Constitutional Court; one is elected by Congress, one elected by the Supreme Court of Justice, one appointed by the President, one elected by Superior Counsel of Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala, and one by Colegio de Abogados); Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (thirteen members serve concurrent five-year terms and elect a president of the Court each year from among their number; the president of the Supreme Court of Justice also supervises trial judges around the country, who are named to five-year terms)
Labor force 282,000 3.84 million (2003 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75%, industry 11%, services 14% (1991 est.) agriculture 50%, industry 15%, services 35% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries total:
508 km

border countries:
Eritrea 113 km, Ethiopia 337 km, Somalia 58 km
total: 1,687 km


border countries: Belize 266 km, El Salvador 203 km, Honduras 256 km, Mexico 962 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
9%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
91% (1993 est.)
arable land: 12.54%


permanent crops: 5.03%


other: 82.43% (2001)
Languages French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)
Legal system based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - RPP 65; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election
unicameral Congress of the Republic or Congreso de la Republica (158 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 9 November 2003 (next to be held NA November 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - GANA 49, FRG 41, UNE 33, PAN 17, other 18


note: for the 9 November 2003 election, the number of congressional seats increased from 113 to 158
Life expectancy at birth total population:
51.21 years

male:
49.37 years

female:
53.1 years (2001 est.)
total population: 65.19 years


male: 64.3 years


female: 66.13 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
46.2%

male:
60.3%

female:
32.7% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 70.6%


male: 78%


female: 63.3% (2003 est.)
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico, and bordering the Gulf of Honduras (Caribbean Sea) between Honduras and Belize
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Merchant marine total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)
none
Military branches Djibouti National Army (includes Navy and Air Force) Army, Navy (includes Marines), Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $23 million (FY97) $202.6 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4.5% (FY97) 0.8% (2003)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
108,038 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 3,421,682 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
63,589 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 2,233,562 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 156,865 (2004 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 27 June (1977) Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Nationality noun:
Djiboutian(s)

adjective:
Djiboutian
noun: Guatemalan(s)


adjective: Guatemalan
Natural hazards earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods numerous volcanoes in mountains, with occasional violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast extremely susceptible to hurricanes and other tropical storms
Natural resources geothermal areas petroleum, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle, hydropower
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -1.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines - oil 480 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar GELLEH] Authentic Integral Development or DIA [Eduardo SUGER]; Democratic Union or UD [Rodolfo PAIZ Andrade]; Grand National Alliance or GANA [Oscar BERGER Perdomo]; Green Party or LOV [Rodolfo ROSALES Garcis-Salaz]; Guatemalan Christian Democracy or DCG [Vinicio CEREZO Arevalo]; Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG [Alba ESTELA Maldonado, secretary general]; Guatemalan Republican Front or FRG [Efrain RIOS Montt]; Movement for Guatemalan Unity or MGU [Jacobo ARBENZ Villanueva]; Movement for Principals and Values or MPV [Francisco BIANCHI]; National Advancement Party or PAN [Leonel LOPEZ Rodas, secretary general]; National Unity for Hope or UNE [Alvarado COLOM Caballeros]; New Nation Alliance or ANN, formed by an alliance of DIA, URNG, and several splinter groups most of whom subsequently defected [led by three co-equal partners - Nineth Varenca MONTENEGRO Cottom, Rodolfo BAUER Paiz, and Jorge Antonio BALSELLS TUT]; Patriot Party or PP [retired General Otto PEREZ Molina]; Progressive Liberator Party or PLP [Acisclo VALLADARES Molina]; Reform Movement or MR [Alfredo SKINNER-KLEE, secretary general]; Unionista Party [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy or FRUD and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy or MUD Agrarian Owners Group or UNAGRO; Alliance Against Impunity or AAI; Committee for Campesino Unity or CUC; Coordinating Committee of Agricultural, Commercial, Industrial, and Financial Associations or CACIF; Mutual Support Group or GAM
Population 460,700 (July 2001 est.) 14,280,596 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 75% (2002 est.)
Population growth rate 2.6% (2001 est.) 2.61% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Djibouti Champerico, Puerto Barrios, Puerto Quetzal, San Jose, Santo Tomas de Castilla
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 130, FM 487, shortwave 15 (2000)
Radios 52,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

narrow gauge:
100 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
Djibouti and Ethiopia plan to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals by 2003
total: 886 km


narrow gauge: 886 km 0.914-m gauge (2003)
Religions Muslim 94%, Christian 6% Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.12 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.08 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage NA years of age; universal adult 18 years of age; universal (active duty members of the armed forces may not vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day)
Telephone system general assessment:
telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country

domestic:
microwave radio relay network

international:
submarine cable to Jiddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseilles, Colombo, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network
general assessment: fairly modern network centered in the city of Guatemala


domestic: NA


international: country code - 502; connected to Central American Microwave System; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 8,000 (1997) 846,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 203 (1997) 1,577,100 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus 5 low-power repeaters) (1998) 26 (plus 27 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau (Peten)
Total fertility rate 5.72 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.6 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 50% (2000 est.) 7.5% (2003 est.)
Waterways none 990 km


note: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during high-water season (2004)
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