Mali (2006)
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Mali 2006 roku
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Mali 2006 roku
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| Podzial administracyjny | 8 regions (regions, singular - region); Gao, Kayes, Kidal, Koulikoro, Mopti, Segou, Sikasso, Tombouctou |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 48.2% (male 2,857,670/female 2,787,506)
15-64 years: 48.8% (male 2,804,344/female 2,910,097) 65 years and over: 3% (male 146,458/female 210,754) (2006 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats |
| Lotniska | 29 (2006) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 9
2,438 to 3,047 m: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 20
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 8 (2006) |
| Terytorium | total: 1.24 million sq km
land: 1.22 million sq km water: 20,000 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly less than twice the size of Texas |
| Tlo historyczne | The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of Francja w 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close w 1991 by a coup that ushered w democratic government. President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first democratic presidential election w 1992 and was reelected w 1997. In keeping z Mali's two-term constitutional limit, KONARE stepped down w 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 49.82 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $764 million
expenditures: $828 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.) |
| Stolica | name: Bamako
geographic coordinates: 12 39 N, 8 00 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Klimat | subtropical to arid; hot and dry (luty to czerwiec); rainy, humid, and mild (czerwiec to listopad); cool and dry (listopad to luty) |
| Linia brzegowa | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Konstytucja | adopted 12 styczen 1992 |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Republic of Mali
conventional short form: Mali local long form: Republique de Mali local short form: Mali former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 16.89 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $2.8 billion (2002) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Terrence P. MCCULLEY
embassy: Rue Rochester NY and Rue Mohamed V, Bamako mailing address: B. P. 34, Bamako telephone: [223] 222-5470 FAX: [223] 222-3712 |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Abdoulaye DIOP
chancery: 2130 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 332-2249, 939-8950 FAX: [1] (202) 332-6603 |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | none |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | $472.1 million (2002) |
| Ekonomia | Mali is among the poorest countries w the world, z 65% of its land area desert or semidesert and z a highly unequal distribution of income. Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger. About 10% of the population is nomadic and some 80% of the labor force is engaged w farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. Mali is heavily dependent on foreign aid and vulnerable to fluctuations w world prices dla cotton, its main export, along z gold. The government has continued its successful implementation of an IMF-recommended structural adjustment program that is helping the economy grow, diversify, and attract foreign investment. Mali's adherence to economic reform and the 50% devaluation of the CFA franc w styczen 1994 have pushed up economic growth to a sturdy 5% average w 1996-2005. Worker remittances and external trade routes dla the landlocked country have been jeopardized by continued unrest w neighboring Cote d'Ivoire. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 762.6 million kWh (2003) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 0 kWh; note - recent hydropower developments may be providing electricity to Senegal and Mauretania (2003) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 820 million kWh (2003) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Senegal River 23 m
highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Grupy etniczne | Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5% |
| Kurs waluty | Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 527.47 (2005), 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Amadou Toumani TOURE (since 8 czerwiec 2002)
head of government: Prime Minister Ousmane Issoufi MAIGA (since 30 kwiecien 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote dla a five-year term (eligible dla a second term); election last held 12 maj 2002 (next to be held kwiecien 2007); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Amadou Toumani TOURE elected president; percent of vote - Amadou Toumani TOURE 64.4%, Soumaila CISSE 35.6% |
| Eksport | 0 kWh; note - recent hydropower developments may be providing electricity to Senegal and Mauretania (2003) |
| Eksport | $323 million f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Eksport | NA bbl/day |
| Eksport - towary | cotton, gold, livestock |
| Eksport - partnerzy | Chiny 25.2%, Pakistan 12.8%, Tajlandia 8.7%, Tajwan 6.7%, Wlochy 4.5% (2005) |
| Rok podatkowy | rok kalendarzowy |
| Opis flagi | three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Etiopia |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 45%
industry: 17% services: 38% (2001 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 6.1% (2005 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 17 00 N, 4 00 W |
| Polozenie geograficzne | landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 1.8%
highest 10%: 40.4% (1994) |
| Import | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Import | $1.858 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Import | NA bbl/day |
| Import - towary | petroleum, machinery and equipment, construction materials, foodstuffs, textiles |
| Import - partnerzy | Francja 13.1%, Senegal 13.1%, Cote d'Ivoire 8.5% (2005) |
| Niepodleglosc | 22 wrzesien 1960 (from Francja) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | NA% |
| Przemysl | food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 107.58 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 117.32 deaths/1,000 live births female: 97.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
| Inflacja | 4.5% (2002 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OIF, ONUB, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO |
| Nawadniane tereny | 2,360 sq km (2003) |
| Sadownictwo | Supreme Court or Cour Supreme |
| Sila robocza | 3.93 million (2001 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture: 80%
industry and services: 20% (2001 est.) |
| Granica | total: 7,243 km
border countries: Algieria 1,376 km, Burkina Faso 1,000 km, Gwinea 858 km, Cote d'Ivoire 532 km, Mauretania 2,237 km, Niger 821 km, Senegal 419 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 3.76%
permanent crops: 0.03% other: 96.21% (2005) |
| Jezyki | French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages |
| System prawny | based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts w Konstytucjaal Court (which was formally established on 9 marzec 1994); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 14 and 28 lipiec 2002 (next to be held lipiec 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Hope 2002 coalition 66, ADEMA 51, other 30 |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 49 years
male: 47.05 years female: 51.01 years (2006 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 46.4% male: 53.5% female: 39.6% (2003 est.) |
| Lokalizacja | Western Africa, southwest of Algieria |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Africa |
| Morskie obszary | none (landlocked) |
| Wojsko | Army, Air Force, National Guard |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | $106.3 million (2005 est.) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 1.9% (2005 est.) |
| Swieto narodowe | Niepodleglosc Day, 22 wrzesien (1960) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Malian(s)
adjective: Malian |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding |
| Surowce naturalne | gold, phosphates, kaolin, salt, limestone, uranium, gypsum, granite, hydropower
note: bauxite, iron ore, manganese, tin, and copper deposits are known but not exploited |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | -6.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | Alliance dla Democracy or ADEMA [Diounconda TRAORE, party chairman]; Hope 2002 (a coalition of CNID, MPR, RDT, and RPM); National Congress dla Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL, chairman]; Party dla Democracy and Progress or PDP [Me Idrissa TRAORE]; Party dla National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME, secretary general]; Patriotic Movement dla Renewal or MPR [Choguel MAIGA]; Rally dla Democracy and Labor or RDT; Rally dla Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA, chairman]; Sudanese Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Bamou TOURE, secretary general]; Union dla Democracy and Development or UDD [Moussa Balla COULIBALY]; Union dla Republic and Democracy or URD [Soumaila CISSE] |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | Patriotic Movement of the Ghanda Koye or MPGK; United Movement and Fronts of Azawad or MFUA |
| Ludnosc | 11,716,829 (lipiec 2006 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | 64% (2001 est.) |
| Przyrost naturalny | 2.63% (2006 est.) |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 1, FM 28, shortwave 1
note: the shortwave station w Bamako has seven frequencies and five transmitters and relays broadcasts dla Chiny Radio International (2001) |
| Linie kolejowe | total: 729 km
narrow gauge: 729 km 1.000-m gauge (2005) |
| Religie | Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1% |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service
domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay w progress international: country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Ocean Atlantycki and 1 Ocean Indyjski) |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 75,000 (2005) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 869,600 (2005) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 1 (plus repeaters) (2001) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna w south, rugged hills w northeast |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 7.42 children born/woman (2006 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 14.6% (2001 est.) |
| Drogi wodne | 1,815 km (2005) |
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