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Compare Togo (2002) - Guernsey (2008)
Compare Togo (2002) z Guernsey (2008)
| Togo (2002) | Guernsey (2008) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 5 regions (regions, singular - region); De La Kara, Des Plateaux, Des Savanes, Centrale, Maritime | none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 10 parishes including Castel, Forest, Saint Andrew, Saint Martin, Saint Peter Port, Saint Pierre du Bois, Saint Sampson, Saint Saviour, Torteval, Vale |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 45.1% (male 1,195,052; female 1,187,014)
15-64 years: 52.4% (male 1,351,345; female 1,420,617) 65 years and over: 2.5% (male 56,270; female 75,203) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years: 14.8% (male 4,914/female 4,784)
15-64 years: 67.4% (male 21,897/female 22,298) 65 years and over: 17.8% (male 4,955/female 6,725) (2007 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish | tomatoes, greenhouse flowers, sweet peppers, eggplant, fruit; Guernsey cattle |
| Airports | 9 (2001) | 2 (2007) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 (2002) |
total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2007) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 7
914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 56,785 sq km
land: 54,385 sq km water: 2,400 sq km |
total: 78 sq km
land: 78 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than West Virginia | about one-half the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | French Togoland became Togo in 1960. General Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, is Africa's longest-serving head of state. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government continues to be dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has maintained power almost continually since 1967. In addition, Togo has come under fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is plagued by political unrest. Most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo remains frozen. | Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy, which held sway in both France and England. The islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. Guernsey is a British crown dependency, but is not part of the UK. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation. |
| Birth rate | 36.11 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 8.65 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $232 million
expenditures: $252 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.) |
revenues: $563.6 million
expenditures: $530.9 million (2005 est.) |
| Capital | Lome | name: Saint Peter Port
geographic coordinates: 49 27 N, 2 32 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October |
| Climate | tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north | temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast |
| Coastline | 56 km | 50 km |
| Constitution | multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992 | unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice |
| Country name | conventional long form: Togolese Republic
conventional short form: Togo local long form: Republique Togolaise local short form: none former: French Togoland |
conventional long form: Bailiwick of Guernsey
conventional short form: Guernsey |
| Currency | Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States | - |
| Death rate | 11.3 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 10.07 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Debt - external | $1.5 billion (1999) (1999) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | British crown dependency |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Karl HOFMANN
embassy: Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome mailing address: B. P. 852, Lome telephone: [228] 221 29 91 through 221 29 94 FAX: [228] 221 79 52 |
none (British crown dependency) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Akoussoulelou BODJONA
chancery: 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4212 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3190 |
none (British crown dependency) |
| Disputes - international | Benin accuses Togo of moving boundary markers and stationing troops in its territory | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $201.1 million (1995) (1995) | $NA |
| Economy - overview | This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate about 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most significant cash crop despite falling prices on the world market. Political unrest, including private and public sector strikes throughout 1992 and 1993, jeopardized the reform program, shrunk the tax base, and disrupted vital economic activity. The 12 January 1994 devaluation of the XOF currency by 50% provided an important impetus to renewed structural adjustment. In the industrial sector, phosphate mining is by far the most important activity. Togo is the world's fourth largest producer, and geological advantages keep production costs low. The recently privatized mining operation, Office Togolais des Phosphates (OTP), is slowly recovering from a steep fall in prices in the early 1990's, but continues to face the challenge of tough foreign competition, exacerbated by weakening demand. Togo serves as a regional commercial and trade center. It continues to expand its duty-free export-processing zone (EPZ), launched in 1989, which has attracted enterprises from France, Italy, Scandinavia, the US, India, and China and created jobs for Togolese nationals. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has stalled. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress towards legislative elections, and possible downsizing of the military, on which the regime has depended to stay in place. Lack of large-scale foreign aid, deterioration of the financial sector, energy shortages, and depressed commodity prices continue to constrain economic growth. The takeover of the national power company by a Franco-Canadian consortium in 2000 should ease the energy crisis. | Financial services - banking, fund management, insurance - account for about 23% of employment and 32% of total income in this tiny, prosperous Channel Island economy. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture, mainly tomatoes and cut flowers, have been declining. Financial services, construction, retail, and the public sector have been growing. Light tax and death duties make Guernsey a popular tax haven. The evolving economic integration of the EU nations is changing the environment under which Guernsey operates. |
| Electricity - consumption | 525.21 million kWh (2000) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2000) | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | 435 million kWh
note: electricity supplied by Ghana (2000) |
0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production | 97 million kWh (2000) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 98%
hydro: 2% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Agou 986 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Sark 114 m |
| Environment - current issues | deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | native African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1% | UK and Norman-French descent with small percentages from other European countries |
| Exchange rates | Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 741.79 (January 2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro | Guernsey pounds per US dollar - 0.4993 (2007), 0.5418 (2006), 0.5493 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003)
note: the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)
head of government: Prime Minister Koffi SAMA (since 29 June 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 June 1998 (next to be held June 2003); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Gnassingbe EYADEMA reelected president; percent of vote - Gnassingbe EYADEMA 52.13%, Gilchrist OLYMPIO 34.12%, other 13.75% |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Lieutenant Governor Sir Fabian MALBON (since 28 October 2005)
head of government: Chief Minister Michael W. TORODE (since 5 March 2007) cabinet: Policy Council elected by the States of Deliberation elections: the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister is elected by States of Deliberation election results: Laurie MORGAN elected chief minister, percent of vote of the States of Deliberation NA |
| Exports | $306 million f.o.b. (2001) | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa | tomatoes, flowers and ferns, sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables |
| Exports - partners | Benin 12%, Nigeria 9%, Belgium 5%, Ghana 4% (2000) | UK; note - regarded as internal trade (2006) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia | white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag and a yellow equal-armed cross of William the Conqueror superimposed on the Saint George cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $7.6 billion (2001 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 42%
industry: 21% services: 37% (2001 est.) |
agriculture: 3%
industry: 10% services: 87% (2000) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2001 est.) | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | 2.2% (2001 est.) | 3% (2005 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 8 00 N, 1 10 E | 49 28 N, 2 35 W |
| Geography - note | the country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna | large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port |
| Highways | total: 7,520 km
paved: 2,376 km unpaved: 5,144 km (1996) |
- |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers; money laundering not a significant problem | - |
| Imports | $420 million f.o.b. (2001) | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products | coal, gasoline, oil, machinery and equipment |
| Imports - partners | Ghana 26%, France 11%, China 7%, Cote d'Ivoire 7% (2000) | UK; note - regarded as internal trade (2006) |
| Independence | 27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship) | none (British crown dependency) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages | tourism, banking |
| Infant mortality rate | 69.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | total: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.3% (2001 est.) | 3.4% (June 2006) |
| International organization participation | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIPONUH, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO | UPU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 3 (2001) | - |
| Irrigated land | 70 sq km (1998 est.) | NA |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme | Royal Court |
| Labor force | 1.74 million (1996) (1996) | 31,470 (March 2006) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (1998 est.) | - |
| Land boundaries | total: 1,647 km
border countries: Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 41.37%
permanent crops: 1.84% other: 56.79% (1998 est.) |
arable land: NA%
permanent crops: NA% other: NA% |
| Languages | French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north) | English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts |
| Legal system | French-based court system | the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; justice is administered by the Royal Court |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 27 October 2002 (next NA 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPT 72, RSD 3, UDPS 2, Juvento 2, MOCEP 1, independents 1 note: two opposition parties boycotted the election, the Union of the Forces for Change, and the Action Committee for Renewal |
unicameral States of Deliberation (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote for four years); note - Alderney and Sark have parliaments
elections: last held 21 April 2004 (next to be held in 2008) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - all independents |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 54.02 years
male: 52.03 years female: 56.07 years (2002 est.) |
total population: 80.53 years
male: 77.53 years female: 83.64 years (2007 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 51.7% male: 67% female: 37% (1995 est.) |
definition: NA
total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana | Western Europe, islands in the English Channel, northwest of France |
| Map references | Africa | Europe |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 30 NM |
territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm |
| Merchant marine | total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,603 GRT/2,800 DWT
ships by type: specialized tanker 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Greece 1 (2002 est.) |
- |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $21.9 million (FY01) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 1.8% (FY01) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 1,220,758 (2002 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 640,280 (2002 est.) | - |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 27 April (1960) | Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) |
| Nationality | noun: Togolese (singular and plural)
adjective: Togolese |
noun: Channel Islander(s)
adjective: Channel Islander |
| Natural hazards | hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts | NA |
| Natural resources | phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land | cropland |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 3.81 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Yawovi AGBOYIBO]; Coordination des Forces Nouvelles or CFN [Joseph KOFFIGOH]; Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA [Leopold GNININVI]; Party for Democracy and Renewal or PDR [Zarifou AYEVA]; Patriotic Pan-African Convergence or CPP [Edem KODJO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA]; Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO (in exile), Jean Pierre FABRE, general secretary in Togo]; Union of Independent Liberals or ULI [Jacques AMOUZOU]
note: Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991 |
none; all independents |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 5,285,501
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.) |
65,573 (July 2007 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 32% (1989 est.) | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.48% (2002 est.) | 0.239% (2007 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Kpeme, Lome | - |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 940,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | total: 525 km
narrow gauge: 525 km 1.000-m gauge (2001) |
- |
| Religions | indigenous beliefs 51%, Christian 29%, Muslim 20% | Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodist |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.027 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.982 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.737 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
| Suffrage | NA years of age; universal adult | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile cellular system
domestic: microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; cellular system has capacity of 10,000 telephones international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie |
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: 1 submarine cable |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 25,000 (1997) | 45,100 (2005) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 2,995 (1997) | 43,800 (2004) |
| Television broadcast stations | 3 (plus two repeaters) (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes | mostly level with low hills in southwest |
| Total fertility rate | 5.14 children born/woman (2002 est.) | 1.4 children born/woman (2007 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 0.9% (March 2006 est.) |
| Waterways | 50 km (Mono river) | - |
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