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Compare Samoa (2001) - Bulgaria (2002)

Compare Samoa (2001) z Bulgaria (2002)

 Samoa (2001)Bulgaria (2002)
 SamoaBulgaria
Administrative divisions 11 districts; A'ana, Aiga-i-le-Tai, Atua, Fa'asaleleaga, Gaga'emauga, Gagaifomauga, Palauli, Satupa'itea, Tuamasaga, Va'a-o-Fonoti, Vaisigano 28 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast); Blagoevgrad, Burgas, Dobrich, Gabrovo, Khaskovo, Kurdzhali, Kyustendil, Lovech, Montana, Pazardzhik, Pernik, Pleven, Plovdiv, Razgrad, Ruse, Shumen, Silistra, Sliven, Smolyan, Sofiya, Sofiya-Grad, Stara Zagora, Turgovishte, Varna, Veliko Turnovo, Vidin, Vratsa, Yambol
Age structure 0-14 years:
31.88% (male 29,009; female 28,069)

15-64 years:
62.44% (male 70,491; female 41,304)

65 years and over:
5.68% (male 4,739; female 5,446) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 14.6% (male 572,961; female 543,004)


15-64 years: 68.5% (male 2,569,199; female 2,648,461)


65 years and over: 16.9% (male 540,109; female 747,603) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products coconuts, bananas, taro, yams vegetables, fruits, tobacco, livestock, wine, wheat, barley, sunflowers, sugar beets
Airports 3 (2000 est.) 215 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 128


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 19


1,524 to 2,437 m: 15


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 92 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
2

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 87


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 75 (2002)
Area total:
2,860 sq km

land:
2,850 sq km

water:
10 sq km
total: 110,910 sq km


land: 110,550 sq km


water: 360 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Rhode Island slightly larger than Tennessee
Background New Zealand occupied the German protectorate of Western Samoa at the outbreak of World War I in 1914. It continued to administer the islands as a mandate and then as a trust territory until 1962, when the islands became the first Polynesian nation to reestablish independence in the 20th century. The country dropped the "Western" from its name in 1997. The Bulgars, a Central Asian Turkic tribe, merged with the local Slavic inhabitants in the late 7th century to form the first Bulgarian state. In succeeding centuries, Bulgaria struggled with the Byzantine Empire to assert its place in the Balkans, but by the end of the 14th century the country was overrun by the Ottoman Turks. Bulgaria regained its independence in 1878, but having fought on the losing side in both World Wars, it fell within the Soviet sphere of influence and became a People's Republic in 1946. Communist domination ended in 1990, when Bulgaria held its first multiparty election since World War II and began the contentious process of moving toward political democracy and a market economy while combating inflation, unemployment, corruption, and crime. Today, reforms and democratization keep Bulgaria on a path toward eventual integration into NATO and the EU - with which it began accession negotiations in 2000.
Birth rate 15.59 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 8.05 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$74.8 million

expenditures:
$81.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $5.57 billion


expenditures: $5.68 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital Apia Sofia
Climate tropical; rainy season (October to March), dry season (May to October) temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
Coastline 403 km 354 km
Constitution 1 January 1962 adopted 12 July 1991
Country name conventional long form:
Independent State of Samoa

conventional short form:
Samoa

former:
Western Samoa
conventional long form: Republic of Bulgaria


conventional short form: Bulgaria
Currency tala (WST) lev (BGL)
Death rate 6.29 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 14.42 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $180 million (1998 est.) $10.3 billion (2001 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Carol MOSELEY BRAUN (Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa, resides in Wellington, New Zealand)

embassy:
5th floor, Beach Road, Apia

mailing address:
P. O. Box 3430, Apia

telephone:
[685] 21631

FAX:
[685] 22030
chief of mission: Ambassador James William PARDEW


embassy: 1 Suborna Street, Sofia 1000


mailing address: American Embassy Sofia, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-5740


telephone: [359] (2) 937-5100


FAX: [359] (2) 981-89-77
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Tuiloma Neroni SLADE

chancery:
800 Second Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, NY 10017

telephone:
[1] (212) 599-6196, 6197

FAX:
[1] (212) 599-0797
chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Elena POPTODOROVA


chancery: 1621 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 387-7969


FAX: [1] (202) 234-7973


consulate(s): New York
Disputes - international none because of a shift in the Danube course since the last correction of the boundary in 1920, a joint Bulgarian-Romanian team will recommend sovereignty changes to several islands and redefine the boundary
Economic aid - recipient $42.9 million (1995) $300 million (2000 est.)
Economy - overview The economy of Samoa has traditionally been dependent on development aid, family remittances from overseas, and agricultural exports. The country is vulnerable to devastating storms. Agriculture employs two-thirds of the labor force, and furnishes 90% of exports, featuring coconut cream, coconut oil, and copra. The manufacturing sector mainly processes agricultural products. Tourism is an expanding sector, accounting for 15% of GDP; about 85,000 tourists visited the islands in 2000. The Samoan Government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline. Observers point to the flexibility of the labor market as a basic strength for future economic advances. Foreign reserves are in a relatively healthy state, the external debt is stable, and inflation is low. Bulgaria, a former communist country striving to enter the European Union, has experienced macroeconomic stability and positive growth rates since a major economic downturn in 1996 led to the fall of the then socialist government. A $300 million stand-by agreement negotiated with the IMF at the end of 2001 will help the government maintain economic stability as it seeks to overcome high rates of poverty and unemployment and, at the same time, cut the budget deficit and contain inflation.
Electricity - consumption 93 million kWh (1999) 34.42 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 3.2 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 1.5 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 100 million kWh (1999) 38.84 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
60%

hydro:
40%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 48%


hydro: 8%


nuclear: 44%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mauga Silisili 1,857 m
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m


highest point: Musala 2,925 m
Environment - current issues soil erosion air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Samoan 92.6%, Euronesians 7% (persons of European and Polynesian blood), Europeans 0.4% Bulgarian 83.6%, Turk 9.5%, Roma 4.6%, other 2.3% (including Macedonian, Armenian, Tatar, Circassian) (1998)
Exchange rates tala per US dollar - 3.3400 (January 2001), 3.2712 (2000), 3.0120 (1999), 2.9429 (1998), 2.5562 (1997), 2.4618 (1996) leva per US dollar - 2.2147 (January 2002), 2.1847 (2001), 2.1233 (2000), 1.8364 (1999), 1,760.36 (1998), 1,681.88 (1997)


note: on 5 July 1999, the lev was redenominated; the post-5 July 1999 lev is equal to 1,000 of the pre-5 July 1999 lev
Executive branch chief of state:
Chief Susuga MALIETOA Tanumafili II (cochief of state from 1 January 1962 until becoming sole chief of state 5 April 1963)

head of government:
Prime Minister TUILA'EPA Sailele Malielegaoi (since 24 November 1998); note - TUILA'EPA served as deputy prime minister since 1992; he assumed the prime ministership in November 1998 when former Prime Minister TOFILAU Eti Alesana resigned in poor health; the post of deputy prime minister is currently vacant

cabinet:
Cabinet consists of 12 members, appointed by the chief of state with the prime minister's advice

elections:
upon the death of Chief Susuga MALIETOA Tanumafili II, a new chief of state will be elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a five-year term; prime minister appointed by the chief of state with the approval of the Legislative Assembly
chief of state: President Georgi PURVANOV (since 22 January 2002); Vice President Angel MARIN (since 22 January 2002)


head of government: Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) Simeon SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA (since 24 July 2001); Deputy Prime Ministers Nikolay VASILEV (since 24 July 2001), Kostadin PASKALEV (since 24 July 2001), and Lidiya SHULEVA (since 24 July 2001)


cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the National Assembly


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 11 November and 18 November 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); chairman of the Council of Ministers (prime minister) nominated by the president; deputy prime ministers nominated by the prime minister


election results: Georgi PURVANOV elected president; percent of vote - Georgi PURVANOV 54.13%, Petar STOYANOV 45.87%
Exports $17 million (f.o.b., 2000) $5.3 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Exports - commodities coconut oil and cream, copra, fish, beer clothing, footwear, iron and steel, machinery and equipment, fuels
Exports - partners American Samoa 59%, US 18%, Germany 9%, New Zealand 8% (2000 est.) Italy 14%, Turkey 10%, Germany 9%, Greece 8%, Serbia and Montenegro 8% (2001)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side quadrant bearing five white five-pointed stars representing the Southern Cross constellation three equal horizontal bands of white (top), green, and red; the national emblem formerly on the hoist side of the white stripe has been removed - it contained a rampant lion within a wreath of wheat ears below a red five-pointed star and above a ribbon bearing the dates 681 (first Bulgarian state established) and 1944 (liberation from Nazi control)
GDP purchasing power parity - $571 million (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $50.6 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
15%

industry:
24%

services:
61% (2000 est.)
agriculture: 14%


industry: 29%


services: 58% (2001)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,200 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $6,600 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 6.8% (2000 est.) 3.4% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 35 S, 172 20 W 43 00 N, 25 00 E
Geography - note - strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia
Heliports - 1 (2002)
Highways total:
835 km

paved:
267 km

unpaved:
569 km (1983)
total: 37,288 km


paved: 33,786 km (including 324 km of expressways)


unpaved: 3,502 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 5%


highest 10%: 23% (1997)
Illicit drugs - major European transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and, to a lesser degree, South American cocaine for the European market; limited producer of precursor chemicals; some money laundering of drug-related proceeds through financial institutions
Imports $90 million (f.o.b., 2000) $6.9 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, industrial supplies, foodstuffs fuels, minerals, and raw materials; machinery and equipment; metals and ores; chemicals and plastics; food, textiles
Imports - partners New Zealand 37%, Australia 24%, Fiji 14%, US 14% (2000 est.) Russia 19.9%, Germany 15.3%, Italy 9.6%, France 6.0% (2001)
Independence 1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship) 3 March 1878 (from Ottoman Empire)
Industrial production growth rate 10% (2000 est.) 2% (2002 est.)
Industries food processing, building materials, auto parts electricity, gas and water; food, beverages and tobacco; machinery and equipment, base metals, chemical products, coke, refined petroleum, nuclear fuel
Infant mortality rate 31.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 14.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.8% (2000 est.) 5.9% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) ACCT, Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) 200 (2001)
Irrigated land NA sq km 8,000 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal Supreme Administrative Court; Supreme Court of Cassation; Constitutional Court (12 justices appointed or elected for nine-year terms); Supreme Judicial Council (consists of the chairmen of the two Supreme Courts, the Chief Prosecutor, and 22 other members; responsible for appointing the justices, prosecutors, and investigating magistrates in the justice system; members of the Supreme Judicial Council elected for five-year terms, 11 elected by the National Assembly and 11 by bodies of the judiciary)
Labor force 90,000 (2000 est.) 3.83 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 65%, services 30%, industry 5% (1995 est.) agriculture 26%, industry 31%, services 43% (1998 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 1,808 km


border countries: Greece 494 km, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 148 km, Romania 608 km, Serbia and Montenegro 318 km, Turkey 240 km
Land use arable land:
19%

permanent crops:
24%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
47%

other:
10%
arable land: 39%


permanent crops: 1.8%


other: 59.2% (1998 est.)
Languages Samoan (Polynesian), English Bulgarian, secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic breakdown
Legal system based on English common law and local customs; judicial review of legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of the citizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction civil law and criminal law based on Roman law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (49 seats - 47 elected by Samoans, 2 elected by non-Samoans; only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to the Fono; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - HRPP 23, SNDP 13, independents 13
unicameral National Assembly or Narodno Sobranie (240 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 17 June 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - NMS2 42.74%, UtdDF 18.18%, CFB 17.15%, MRF 7.45%; seats by party - NMS2 120, UtdDF 51, CFB 48, MRF 21; note - seating as of March 2003 - NMS2 110, UtdDF 50, CFB 48, MRF 20, independents 12
Life expectancy at birth total population:
69.5 years

male:
66.77 years

female:
72.37 years (2001 est.)
total population: 71.5 years


male: 67.98 years


female: 75.22 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
97% (1971 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1999)
Location Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey
Map references Oceania Europe
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
contiguous zone: 24 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 77 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 881,758 GRT/1,312,833 DWT


ships by type: bulk 43, cargo 15, chemical tanker 4, container 2, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 4, railcar carrier 2, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 3, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note Samoa has no formal defense structure or regular armed forces; informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship -
Military branches no regular armed services; Samoa Police Force Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces (subordinate to Ministry of Defense), Internal Forces (subordinate to Ministry of Interior), Civil Defense Forces (subordinate to the president)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $356 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 2.7% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 1,873,052 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,566,816 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 19 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 56,104 (2002 est.)
National holiday Independence Day Celebration, 1 June (1962); note - 1 January 1962 is the date of independence from the New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship, 1 June 1962 is the date that independence is celebrated Liberation Day, 3 March (1878)
Nationality noun:
Samoan(s)

adjective:
Samoan
noun: Bulgarian(s)


adjective: Bulgarian
Natural hazards occasional typhoons; active volcanism earthquakes, landslides
Natural resources hardwood forests, fish, hydropower bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land
Net migration rate -11.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -4.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - petroleum products 525 km; natural gas 1,500 km (1999)
Political parties and leaders Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [TUILA'EPA Sailele Malielegaoi, chairman]; Samoa All People's Party or SAPP [Matatumua NAIMOAGA]; Samoan National Development Party or SNDP [TAPUA Tamasese Efi, chairman] (opposition); Samoa National Party [FETU Tiatia, party secretary]; Samoan Progressive Conservative Party [LEOTA Ituau Ale] Bulgarian Socialist Party or BSP [Sergei STANISHEV]; Coalition for Bulgaria or CfB (coalition of parties dominated by BSP) [Sergei STANISHEV]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization or VMRO [Krasimir KARAKACHANOV]; Movement for Rights and Freedoms or MRF [Ahmed DOGAN]; National Movement for Simeon II or NMS2 [Simeon SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA]; People's Union or PU (includes Bulgarian Agrarian National Union and Democratic Party) [Anastasiya MOZER]; St. George's Day [Lyuben DILOV, Jr.]; Union of Democratic Forces or UDF [Ekaterina NADEZHDA]; Union of Free Democrats or UFD [Stefan SOFIYANSKI]; United Democratic Forces or UtdDF (a coalition between the UDF and PU, dominated by the former)
Political pressure groups and leaders NA agrarian movement; Bulgarian Democratic Center; Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria or CITUB; Democratic Alliance for the Republic or DAR; New Union for Democracy or NUD; Podkrepa Labor Confederation; numerous regional, ethnic, and national interest groups with various agendas
Population 179,058 (July 2001 est.) 7,621,337 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 35% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate -0.23% (2001 est.) -1.11% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Apia, Asau, Mulifanua, Salelologa Burgas, Lom, Nesebur, Ruse, Varna, Vidin
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 31, FM 63, shortwave 2 (2001)
Radios 178,000 (1997) 4.51 million (1997)
Railways 0 km total: 4,294 km


standard gauge: 4,049 km 1.435-m gauge (2,710 km electrified)


narrow gauge: 245 km 0.760-m gauge (2002)
Religions Christian 99.7% (about one-half of population associated with the London Missionary Society; includes Congregational, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Latter-Day Saints, Seventh-Day Adventist) Bulgarian Orthodox 83.8%, Muslim 12.1%, Roman Catholic 1.7%, Jewish 0.1%, Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other 2.3% (1998)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.71 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.87 male(s)/female

total population:
1.39 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female


total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
adequate

domestic:
NA

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: extensive but antiquated


domestic: more than two-thirds of the lines are residential; telephone service is available in most villages; a fairly modern digital cable trunk line now connects switching centers in most of the regions, the others are connected by digital microwave radio relay


international: direct dialing to 58 countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region); 2 Intelsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions)
Telephones - main lines in use 8,000 (1997) 3,186,731 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,545 (February 1998) 1.054 million (2001)
Television broadcast stations 6 (1997) 39 (plus 1,242 repeaters) (2001)
Terrain narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast
Total fertility rate 3.4 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.13 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate NA%; note - substantial underemployment 18% (2002 est.)
Waterways none 470 km (1987)
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