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Compare Montserrat (2003) - Macau (2001)
Compare Montserrat (2003) z Macau (2001)
| Montserrat (2003) | Macau (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter | none (special administrative region of China) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 23.4% (male 1,062; female 1,041)
15-64 years: 65.3% (male 2,805; female 3,066) 65 years and over: 11.4% (male 537; female 484) (2003 est.) |
0-14 years:
22.68% (male 53,291; female 49,615) 15-64 years: 70.08% (male 150,538; female 167,431) 65 years and over: 7.24% (male 13,287; female 19,571) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products | rice, vegetables |
| Airports | none; only airport was destroyed by volcanic activity; a helicopter service to Antigua is used (2002) | 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total:
1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 102 sq km
land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
21 sq km land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC | about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Much of this island has been devastated and two-thirds of the population has fled abroad due to the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995. | Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs. |
| Birth rate | 17.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 12.36 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $31.4 million
expenditures: $31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4 million (1997 est.) |
revenues:
$1.26 billion expenditures: $1.22 billion, including capital expenditures of $175 million (1999 est.) |
| Capital | Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat) | - |
| Climate | tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation | subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers |
| Coastline | 40 km | 40 km |
| Constitution | present constitution came into force 19 December 1989 | Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution" |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Montserrat |
conventional long form:
Macau Special Administrative Region conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese) |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) | pataca (MOP) |
| Death rate | 7.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 3.71 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $8.9 million (1997) | $1.7 billion (1997) |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK | special administrative region of China |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (special administrative region of China) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade. | The economy is based largely on tourism (including gambling) and textile and fireworks manufacturing. Efforts to diversify have spawned other small industries - toys, artificial flowers, and electronics. The tourist sector has accounted for roughly 25% of GDP, and the clothing industry has provided about three-fourths of export earnings; the gambling industry probably represents over 40% of GDP. More than 8 million tourists visited Macau in 2000. Macau depends on China for most of its food, fresh water, and energy imports. Japan and Hong Kong are the main suppliers of raw materials and capital goods. Output dropped 5% in 1998 and 3% in 1999, with a small 2% gain in 2000. Macau reverted to Chinese administration on 20 December 1999. Gang violence, a dark spot in the economy, probably will be reduced in 2000-01 to the advantage of the tourism sector. |
| Electricity - consumption | 2.325 million kWh (2001) | 1.422 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) | 3 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) | 165 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 2.5 million kWh (2001) | 1.355 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) 914 m |
lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m highest point: Coloane Alto 174 m |
| Environment - current issues | land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation | NA |
| Ethnic groups | black, white | Chinese 95%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry), Portuguese, other |
| Exchange rates | East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) | patacas per US dollar - 8.033 (January 2001), 8.025 (2000), 7.990 (1999), 7.978 (1998), 7.974 (1997), 7.966 (1996); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Anthony LONGRIGG (since NA May 2001)
head of government: Chief Minister John OSBORNE (since 5 April 2001) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister |
chief of state:
President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993) head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of all five government secretaries, three legislators, and two businessmen elections: NA |
| Exports | NA (2001) | $2.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | electronic components, plastic bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle | textiles, clothing, toys, electronics, cement, footwear, machinery |
| Exports - partners | US, Antigua and Barbuda | US 47%, EU 30%, China 9.2%, Hong Kong 6.7% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross | light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $29 million (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $7.82 billion (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 5.4%
industry: 13.6% services: 81% (1996 est.) |
agriculture:
1% industry: 25% services: 74% (2000 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $3,400 (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $17,500 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | -1% (2002 est.) | 2% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 16 45 N, 62 12 W | 22 10 N, 113 33 E |
| Geography - note | the island is entirely volcanic in origin and contains seven active volcanoes | essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland |
| Highways | total: 227 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km note: volcanic eruptions beginning in 1995 destroyed most of the road system (2003) |
total:
50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe | - |
| Imports | NA (2001) | $2.4 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials | raw materials, foodstuffs, capital goods, fuels, consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada | China 36%, Hong Kong 18%, EU 13%, Taiwan 10%, Japan 7% (1999) |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (special administrative region of China) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances | clothing, textiles, toys, electronics, footwear, tourism, gambling |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 7.77 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 9.05 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
4.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.6% (2002 est.) | -1.8% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | Caricom, CDB, ECLAC (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS | CCC, ESCAP (associate), IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), UNESCO (associate), WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 17 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court) | The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative Region |
| Labor force | 4,521 ; note - lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity | 283,450 (1999) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% | restaurants and hotels 26%, manufacturing 22%, other services 52% (2000 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total:
0.34 km border countries: China 0.34 km |
| Land use | arable land: 20%
permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (1998 est.) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 2% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 98% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English | Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese) |
| Legal system | English common law and statutory law | based on Portuguese civil law system |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms)
note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members elections: last held NA April 2001 (next to be held by November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPLM 7, NPP 2 note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council |
unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (23 seats; 8 elected by popular vote, 8 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 22 September 1996 (next to be held by 15 October 2001) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - APPEM 2, UNIPRO 2, CODEM 1, UDM 1, UPD 1, ANMD 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 78.36 years
male: 76.24 years female: 80.59 years (2003 est.) |
total population:
81.69 years male: 78.88 years female: 84.64 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.) |
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90% male: 93% female: 86% (1981 est.) |
| Location | Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico | Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 3 NM |
not specified |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999 |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force | Macau garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) includes about 500 troops |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
125,737 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
69,191 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) | National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day |
| Nationality | noun: Montserratian(s)
adjective: Montserratian |
noun:
Chinese adjective: Chinese |
| Natural hazards | severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1996) | typhoons |
| Natural resources | NEGL | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | 34.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 9.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | National Progressive Party or NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE] | the following is a listing of those associations that participated in the last legislative elections: Associacao de Novo Macau Democratico or ANMD [leader NA]; Associacao Promotora para a Economia de Macau or APPEM [leader NA]; Convergencia para o Desenvolvimento or CODEM [leader NA]; Uniao Geral para o Desenvolvimento de Macau or UDM [leader NA]; Uniao para o Desenvolvimento or UPD [leader NA]; Uniao Promotora para o Progresso or UNIPRO [leader NA]
note: there are no formal political parties, but civic associations are used instead |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director]; Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader] |
| Population | 8,995
note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2003 est.) |
453,733 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 4.5% (2003 est.) | 1.79% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay | Macau |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 160,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations | Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.11 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies |
| Telephone system | general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: NA |
general assessment:
fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services domestic: NA international: HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 4,000 (1997) | 176,837 (2000) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 70 (1994) | 120,957 (2000) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997) |
| Terrain | volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland | generally flat |
| Total fertility rate | 1.8 children born/woman (2003 est.) | 1.31 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 6% (1998 est.) | 6.6% (2000) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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