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Compare Macau (2002) - Djibouti (2001)
Compare Macau (2002) z Djibouti (2001)
| Macau (2002) | Djibouti (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (special administrative region of China) | 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); 'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 21.8% (male 52,262; female 48,439)
15-64 years: 70.9% (male 154,942; female 172,647) 65 years and over: 7.3% (male 13,616; female 19,927) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years:
42.58% (male 98,314; female 97,859) 15-64 years: 54.58% (male 132,619; female 118,841) 65 years and over: 2.84% (male 6,787; female 6,280) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | rice, vegetables | fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels |
| Airports | 1 (2001) | 12 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2002) |
total:
2 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 25.4 sq km
land: 25.4 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
22,000 sq km land: 21,980 sq km water: 20 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Massachusetts |
| Background | Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs. | The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels. |
| Birth rate | 12.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 40.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $1.15 billion
expenditures: $1.03 billion, including capital expenditures of $166 million (2000 est.) |
revenues:
$133 million expenditures: $187 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) |
| Capital | - | Djibouti |
| Climate | subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers | desert; torrid, dry |
| Coastline | 41 km | 314 km |
| Constitution | Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution" | multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region
conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese) |
conventional long form:
Republic of Djibouti conventional short form: Djibouti former: French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland |
| Currency | pataca (MOP) | Djiboutian franc (DJF) |
| Death rate | 3.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 14.66 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $1.5 billion (1998) | $356 million (1999 est.) |
| Dependency status | special administrative region of China | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong | chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald YAMAMOTO embassy: Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti mailing address: B. P. 185, Djibouti telephone: [253] 35 39 95 FAX: [253] 35 39 40 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (special administrative region of China) | chief of mission:
Ambassador ROBLE Olhaye Oudine chancery: Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005 telephone: [1] (202) 331-0270 FAX: [1] (202) 331-0302 |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $106.3 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | Macau's economy two years after reversion to China remains one of the most open in the world, according to the World Trade Organization. The government collects no duty on imports and sets no restrictions on exports beyond those required by international agreements. The territory's net exports of goods and services account for 35% of GDP, with tourism and apparel exports as the mainstays. The territory therefore has been hit hard by the 2001 downturn in its key US and EU export markets. Tourism remained strong, however, driven by a surge in visitors from mainland China. In response to the expected contraction of the economy in 2002, the government has announced a stimulative income tax cut and public works program that will push the budget into deficit. China already has extended support by easing restrictions on travel to Macau and is proposing a China-Hong Kong-Macau free trade area. China's economic weight is increasingly felt, with the mainland now holding more than 50% of assets in the financial, real estate, and construction sectors. Mainlanders, however, have been excluded from bidding on the gambling industry licenses that Macau is offering to break up the territory's four-decade-old gambling monopoly. Gambling taxes account for up to 60% of revenue, and the government with Beijing's backing intends to revitalize the industry. | The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 40% to 50% continues to be a major problem. Inflation is not a concern, however, because of the fixed tie of the franc to the US dollar. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors. The year 2001 will see only small growth as port activity should decrease now that Ethiopia has more trade route options. |
| Electricity - consumption | 1.476 billion kWh (2000) | 167.4 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 1 million kWh (2000) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 175 million kWh (2000) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 1.4 billion kWh (2000) | 180 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m |
lowest point:
Lac Assal -155 m highest point: Moussa Ali 2,028 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 95%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry), Portuguese, other | Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5% |
| Exchange rates | patacas per US dollar - 8.033 (January 2002), 8.034 (2001), 8.026 (2000), 7.992 (1999), 7.979 (1998), 7.975 (1997); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar | Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993)
head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of all five government secretaries, three legislators, and two businessmen elections: chief executive chosen by a 200-member selection committee for up to two five-year terms |
chief of state:
President GUELLEH Ismail Omar (since 8 May 1999); head of government: Prime Minister DILLEITA Mohamed Dilleita (since 4 March 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers responsible to the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 9 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president election results: GUELLEH Ismail Omar elected president; percent of vote - GUELLEH Ismail Omar 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6% |
| Exports | $2.5 billion f.o.b. (2000) | $260 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | clothing, textiles, cement, electronics, cameras | reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit) |
| Exports - partners | US 48%, EU 28%, China 10%, Hong Kong 7% (2000) | Somalia 53%, Yemen 23%, Ethiopia 5%, (1998) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller | two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $8 billion (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $574 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 1%
industry: 25% services: 74% (2000 est.) |
agriculture:
3% industry: 22% services: 75% (1998 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $17,600 (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 0.5% (2001 est.) | 2% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 22 10 N, 113 33 E | 11 30 N, 43 00 E |
| Geography - note | essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland | strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland |
| Highways | total: 50 km
paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
total:
2,890 km paved: 364 km unpaved: 2,526 km (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $2.3 billion c.i.f. (2000) | $440 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | clothing, textiles, yarn, minerals, electrical machinery, fuel, livestock | foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products |
| Imports - partners | China 41%, Hong Kong 15%, EU 10%, Taiwan 10%, Japan 6% (2000) | France 13%, Ethiopia 12%, Italy 9%, Saudi Arabia 6%, UK 6% (1998) |
| Independence | none (special administrative region of China) | 27 June 1977 (from France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 3% (1996 est.) |
| Industries | tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys | limited to a few small-scale enterprises, such as dairy products and mineral-water bottling |
| Infant mortality rate | 4.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | 101.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -2% (2001 est.) | 2% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | CCC, ESCAP (associate), IHO, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), ISO (correspondent), UNESCO (associate), WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative Region | Supreme Court or Cour Supreme |
| Labor force | 218,000 (2001) | 282,000 |
| Labor force - by occupation | restaurants and hotels 26%, manufacturing 20%, other services and agriculture 54% (2000 est.) | agriculture 75%, industry 11%, services 14% (1991 est.) |
| Land boundaries | total: 0.34 km
border countries: China 0.34 km |
total:
508 km border countries: Eritrea 113 km, Ethiopia 337 km, Somalia 58 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: "green areas" represent 22.4% (1998 est.) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 9% forests and woodland: 0% other: 91% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese) | French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar |
| Legal system | based on Portuguese civil law system | based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (27 seats; 10 elected by popular vote, 10 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 23 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats by political bloc - Entertainment Industry 3, pro-democracy 2, pro-Beijing Labor Union 2, pro-Beijing Neighborhood Association 2, pro-business 1 |
unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)
elections: last held 19 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2002) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - RPP 65; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 81.78 years
male: 78.97 years female: 84.73 years (2002 est.) |
total population:
51.21 years male: 49.37 years female: 53.1 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90% male: 93% female: 86% (1981 est.) |
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 46.2% male: 60.3% female: 32.7% (1995 est.) |
| Location | Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China | Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Africa |
| Maritime claims | not specified | contiguous zone:
24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999 | - |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999; there is a local police force | Djibouti National Army (includes Navy and Air Force) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $23 million (FY97) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 4.5% (FY97) |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 128,005 (2002 est.) | males age 15-49:
108,038 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 70,508 (2002 est.) | males age 15-49:
63,589 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day | Independence Day, 27 June (1977) |
| Nationality | noun: Chinese
adjective: Chinese |
noun:
Djiboutian(s) adjective: Djiboutian |
| Natural hazards | typhoons | earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods |
| Natural resources | NEGL | geothermal areas |
| Net migration rate | 9.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | there are no formal political parties, however, there are civic associations that, for purposes of legislative voting, join together to form political blocs | Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar GELLEH] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director]; Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader] | Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy or FRUD and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy or MUD |
| Population | 461,833 (July 2002 est.) | 460,700 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.75% (2002 est.) | 2.6% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Macau | Djibouti |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 160,000 (1997) | 52,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | total:
100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad) narrow gauge: 100 km 1.000-m gauge note: Djibouti and Ethiopia plan to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals by 2003 |
| Religions | Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.) | Muslim 94%, Christian 6% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.08 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies | NA years of age; universal adult |
| Telephone system | general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services
domestic: NA international: HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
general assessment:
telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country domestic: microwave radio relay network international: submarine cable to Jiddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseilles, Colombo, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 176,902 (November 2001) | 8,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 158,251 (November 2001) | 203 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997) | 1 (plus 5 low-power repeaters) (1998) |
| Terrain | generally flat | coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains |
| Total fertility rate | 1.31 children born/woman (2002 est.) | 5.72 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 6.5% (2001 est.) | 50% (2000 est.) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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