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Compare Jersey (2001) - Niue (2004)
Compare Jersey (2001) z Niue (2004)
| Jersey (2001) | Niue (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (British crown dependency) | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
17.77% (male 8,214; female 7,667) 15-64 years: 67.59% (male 30,065; female 30,331) 65 years and over: 14.64% (male 5,603; female 7,481) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total:
116 sq km land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2004), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. |
| Birth rate | 11.28 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$601 million expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million (2000 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
| Capital | Saint Helier | Alofi |
| Climate | temperate; mild winters and cool summers | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds |
| Coastline | 70 km | 64 km |
| Constitution | unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Bailiwick of Jersey conventional short form: Jersey |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
| Currency | British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | 9.27 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | none | $418,000 (2002 est.) |
| Dependency status | British crown dependency | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (British crown dependency) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (British crown dependency) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | none | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) |
| Economy - overview | The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996 the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism, another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 2.79 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by France |
0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | - | 3 million kWh (2001) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 143 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | UK and Norman-French descent | Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans) |
| Exchange rates | Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.1620 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995) cabinet: committees appointed by the Assembly of the States elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30% |
| Exports | $NA | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | UK | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag and in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield holding the three lions of England in yellow | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
5% industry: 2% services: 93% (1996) |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: 55% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | -0.3% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 49 15 N, 2 10 W | 19 02 S, 169 52 W |
| Geography - note | largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier | one of world's largest coral islands |
| Highways | total:
577 km (1995) paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $NA | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs |
| Imports - partners | UK | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) |
| Independence | none (British crown dependency) | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Industries | tourism, banking and finance, dairy | tourism, handicrafts, food processing |
| Infant mortality rate | 5.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4.7% (1998) | 1% (1995) |
| International organization participation | - | ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | NA | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff) | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue |
| Labor force | 57,050 (1996) | NA (1998 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
66% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 34% |
arable land: 15.38%
permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English |
| Legal system | English law and local statute | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators, 12 constables or heads of parishes, 29 deputies; all elected for six-year terms, half elected every third year; the bailiff and the deputy bailiff; and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General and the Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch
elections: last held NA (next to be held NA) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 52 |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
78.63 years male: 76.21 years female: 81.23 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga |
| Map references | Europe | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone:
12 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | none |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force |
| National holiday | Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun:
Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander |
noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
| Natural hazards | NA | typhoons |
| Natural resources | arable land | fish, arable land |
| Net migration rate | 2.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none; all independents | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 89,361 (July 2001 est.) | 2,156 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA |
| Population growth rate | 0.48% (2001 est.) | 0.01% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | NA | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | NA years of age; universal adult | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: 3 submarine cables |
domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: country code - 683 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 65,500 (1997) | 1,100 est (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 4,400 (1997) | 400 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 1.56 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 0.7% (1998 est.) | NA (March 1999) |
| Waterways | none | - |
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