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Compare Grenada (2002) - Mali (2002)

Compare Grenada (2002) z Mali (2002)

 Grenada (2002)Mali (2002)
 GrenadaMali
Administrative divisions 6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou and Petit Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick 8 regions (regions, singular - region); Gao, Kayes, Kidal, Koulikoro, Mopti, Segou, Sikasso, Tombouctou
Age structure 0-14 years: 35.9% (male 16,213; female 15,863)


15-64 years: 60.3% (male 28,460; female 25,307)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 1,546; female 1,822) (2002 est.)
0-14 years: 47.2% (male 2,687,998; female 2,658,605)


15-64 years: 49.8% (male 2,698,789; female 2,950,276)


65 years and over: 3% (male 160,604; female 184,208) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, citrus, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, vegetables cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats
Airports 3 (2001) 27 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 7


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 19


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 5


under 914 m: 8 (2002)
Area total: 344 sq km


land: 344 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 1.24 million sq km


land: 1.22 million sq km


water: 20,000 sq km
Area - comparative twice the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Background One of the smallest independent countries in the western hemisphere, Grenada was seized by a Marxist military council on 19 October 1983. Six days later the island was invaded by US forces and those of six other Caribbean nations, which quickly captured the ringleaders and their hundreds of Cuban advisers. Free elections were reinstituted the following year. The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 with a transitional government, and in 1992 when Mali's first democratic presidential election was held. After his reelection in 1997, President Alpha KONARE continued to push through political and economic reforms and to fight corruption. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, he stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE.
Birth rate 23.05 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 48.37 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $85.8 million


expenditures: $102.1 million, including capital expenditures of $28 million (1997)
revenues: $764 million


expenditures: $828 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.)
Capital Saint George's Bamako
Climate tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds subtropical to arid; hot and dry February to June; rainy, humid, and mild June to November; cool and dry November to February
Coastline 121 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 19 December 1973 adopted 12 January 1992
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Grenada
conventional long form: Republic of Mali


conventional short form: Mali


local long form: Republique de Mali


local short form: Mali


former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate 7.63 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 18.32 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $196 million (2000) (2000) $3.3 billion (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: the ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Grenada; Charge d'Affairs Nadia TONGOUR


embassy: Point Salines, Saint George's


mailing address: P. O. Box 54, Saint George's, Grenada, West Indies


telephone: [1] (473) 444-1173 through 1176


FAX: [1] (473) 444-4820
chief of mission: Ambassador Vicki HUDDLESTONE


embassy: Rue Rochester NY and Rue Mohamed V, Bamako


mailing address: B. P. 34, Bamako


telephone: [223] (2) 223-833


FAX: [223] (2) 223-712
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Denis G. ANTOINE


chancery: 1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 265-2561


FAX: [1] (202) 265-2468


consulate(s) general: New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Cheick Oumar DIARRAH


chancery: 2130 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 332-2249, 939-8950


FAX: [1] (202) 332-6603
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $8.3 million (1995) (1995) $596.4 million (2001)
Economy - overview Despite government steadying of annual economic growth in recent years through progress in fiscal reform and prudent macroeconomic management, a downturn in tourist arrivals in 2001 threatens government spending in 2002. Grenada relies on tourism as its main source of foreign exchange, although it also supports a small agriculture sector and a developing offshore financial industry. Short-term concerns include a rising fiscal deficit and the deterioration in the external account balance. Mali is among the poorest countries in the world, with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert. Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger. About 10% of the population is nomadic and some 70% of the labor force is engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. Mali is heavily dependent on foreign aid and vulnerable to fluctuations in world prices for cotton, its main export. In 1997, the government continued its successful implementation of an IMF-recommended structural adjustment program that is helping the economy grow, diversify, and attract foreign investment. Mali's adherence to economic reform and the 50% devaluation of the African franc in January 1994 have pushed up economic growth to a sturdy 5% average in 1996-2000. In 2001, GDP decreased by 1.2% mainly due to a 50% drop in cotton production in 2000-01.
Electricity - consumption 102.3 million kWh (2000) 429.66 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 110 million kWh (2000) 462 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
fossil fuel: 43%


hydro: 57%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Saint Catherine 840 m
lowest point: Senegal River 23 m


highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups black 82%, mixed black and European 13%, European and East Indian 5% , and trace of Arawak/Carib Amerindian Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 742.79 (January 2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Daniel WILLIAMS (since 9 August 1996)


head of government: Prime Minister Keith MITCHELL (since 22 June 1995)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general
chief of state: President Amadou Toumani TOURE (since 8 June 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Ahmed Mohamed Ag HAMANI (since 9 June 2002)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (two-term limit); election last held 12 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Amadou Toumani TOURE elected president; percent of vote - Amadou Toumani TOURE 64.4%, Soumaila CISSE 35.6%
Exports $78 million (2000 est.) $575 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, fruit and vegetables, clothing, mace cotton 43%, gold 40%, livestock (2001 est.)
Exports - partners Caricom 32.3%, UK 20%, US 13%, Netherlands 8.8% (1991) Brazil 10.6%, South Korea 9.9%, Italy 7.3%, Canada 7% (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side), with a red border around the flag; there are seven yellow, five-pointed stars with three centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border, and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven stars represent the seven administrative divisions three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP purchasing power parity - $424 million (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $9.2 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 8%


industry: 24%


services: 68% (2000) (2000)
agriculture: 45%


industry: 17%


services: 38% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,750 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $840 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 6.5% (2001 est.) -1.2% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 07 N, 61 40 W 17 00 N, 4 00 W
Geography - note the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan
Highways total: 1,040 km


paved: 638 km


unpaved: 402 km (1996)
total: 15,100 km


paved: 1,827 km


unpaved: 13,273 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: 2%


highest 10%: 40% (1994) (1994)
Illicit drugs small-scale cannabis cultivation; lesser transshipment point for marijuana and cocaine to US -
Imports $270 million (2000 est.) $600 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities food, manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel (1989) machinery and equipment, construction materials, petroleum, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners US 31.2%, Caricom 23.6%, UK 13.8%, Japan 7.1% (1991) Cote d'Ivoire 21%, France 12.4%, Senegal 4%, Germany 4%, Benelux (2000)
Independence 7 February 1974 (from UK) 22 September 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate 0.7% (1997 est.) NA
Industries food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations, tourism, construction food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining
Infant mortality rate 14.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) 119.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.8% (2001 est.) 4.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIPONUH, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 14 (2000) 13 (2001)
Irrigated land NA sq km 1,380 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch West Indies Associate States Supreme Court (an associate judge resides in Grenada) Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Labor force 42,300 (1996) (1996) 3.93 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services 62%, agriculture 24%, industry 14% (1999 est.) agriculture and fishing 80% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 7,243 km


border countries: Algeria 1,376 km, Burkina Faso 1,000 km, Guinea 858 km, Cote d'Ivoire 532 km, Mauritania 2,237 km, Niger 821 km, Senegal 419 km
Land use arable land: 5.88%


permanent crops: 26.47%


other: 67.65% (1998 est.)
arable land: 3.77%


permanent crops: 0.04%


other: 96.19% (1998 est.)
Languages English (official), French patois French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
Legal system based on English common law based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court (which was formally established on 9 March 1994); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (a 13-member body, 10 appointed by the government and three by the leader of the opposition) and the House of Representatives (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held on 18 January 1999 (next to be held by NA October 2004)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NNP 14, GULP 1
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 14 July and 28 July 2002 (next to be held NA July 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Hope 2002 coalition 66, ADEMA 51, other 30
Life expectancy at birth total population: 64.52 years


male: 62.74 years


female: 66.31 years (2002 est.)
total population: 47.39 years


male: 46.18 years


female: 48.64 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98%


male: 98%


female: 98% (1970 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 38%


male: 45%


female: 31% (1998 est.)
Location Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago Western Africa, southwest of Algeria
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military branches Royal Grenada Police Force, Coast Guard Army, Air Force, Gendarmerie, Republican Guard, National Guard, National Police (Surete Nationale)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $50 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 2% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 2,369,578 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,358,646 (2002 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 7 February (1974) Independence Day, 22 September (1960)
Nationality noun: Grenadian(s)


adjective: Grenadian
noun: Malian(s)


adjective: Malian
Natural hazards lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding
Natural resources timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors gold, phosphates, kaolin, salt, limestone, uranium, hydropower


note: bauxite, iron ore, manganese, tin, and copper deposits are known but not exploited
Net migration rate -15.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Herbert PREUDHOMME]; National Democratic Congress or NDC [leader vacant]; New National Party or NNP [George McGUIRE] Alliance for Democracy or ADEMA [Diounconda Traore KEITA, party chairman]; Block of Alternative for the Renewal of Africa or BARA [Yoro DIAKITE]; Democratic and Social Convention or CDS [Mamadou Bakary SANGARE, chairman]; Movement for the Independence, Renaissance and Integration of Africa or MIRIA [Mohamed Lamine TRAORE, Mouhamedou DICKO]; National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL, chairman]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Me Idrissa TRAORE]; Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Yoro DIAKITE, chairman; Tiebile DRAME, secretary general]; Rally for Democracy and Labor or RDT [Ali GNANGADO]; Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Almamy SYLLA, chairman]; Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Bonbasor KEITA, chairman]; Sudanese Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Bamou TOURE, secretary general]; Union of Democratic Forces for Progress or UFDP [Youssouf TOURE, secretary general]; Union for Democracy and Development or UDD [Moussa Balla COULIBALY]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Patriotic Movement of the Ghanda Koye or MPGK; United Movement and Fronts of Azawad or MFUA
Population 89,211 (July 2002 est.) 11,340,480 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 64% average; 30% of the total population living in urban areas; 76% of the total population living in rural areas) (2001 est.)
Population growth rate 0.02% (2002 est.) 2.97% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Grenville, Saint George's Koulikoro
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 28, shortwave 1


note: the shortwave station in Bamako has seven frequencies and five transmitters and relays broadcasts for China Radio International (2001)
Radios 57,000 (1997) 570,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km total: 729 km


narrow gauge: 729 km 1.000-m gauge


note: linked to Senegal's rail system through Kayes (2001)
Religions Roman Catholic 53%, Anglican 13.8%, other Protestant 33.2% Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1%
Sex ratio at birth: 1 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female


total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: automatic, islandwide telephone system


domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links


international: new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service


domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress


international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 27,000 (1997) 45,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular 976 (1997) 40,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1997) 1 (plus repeaters) (2001)
Terrain volcanic in origin with central mountains mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast
Total fertility rate 2.5 children born/woman (2002 est.) 6.73 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 11.5% (1999) (1999) 14.6% urban areas; 5.3% rural areas (2001 est.)
Waterways none 1,815 km
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