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Compare Georgia (2004) - Montserrat (2001)

Compare Georgia (2004) z Montserrat (2001)

 Georgia (2004)Montserrat (2001)
 GeorgiaMontserrat
Administrative divisions 9 regions (mkharebi, singular - mkhare), 9 cities (k'alak'ebi, singular - k'alak'i), and 2 autonomous republics (avtomnoy respubliki, singular - avtom respublika)

regions: Guria, Imereti, Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Shida Kartli

cities: Chiat'ura, Gori, K'ut'aisi, P'ot'i, Rust'avi, T'bilisi, Tqibuli, Tsqaltubo, Zugdidi

autonomous republics: Abkhazia or Ap'khazet'is Avtonomiuri Respublika (Sokhumi), Ajaria or Acharis Avtonomiuri Respublika (Bat'umi)


note: the administrative centers of the 2 autonomous republics are shown in parentheses
3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter's
Age structure 0-14 years: 18.7% (male 461,967; female 416,898)


15-64 years: 65.8% (male 1,480,217; female 1,607,509)


65 years and over: 15.5% (male 290,534; female 436,767) (2004 est.)
0-14 years:
23.83% (male 907; female 898)

15-64 years:
64.66% (male 2,341; female 2,556)

65 years and over:
11.51% (male 464; female 408) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products citrus, grapes, tea, hazelnuts, vegetables; livestock cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products
Airports 31 (2003 est.) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 17


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 7


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2003 est.)
total:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 13


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)
-
Area total: 69,700 sq km


land: 69,700 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
100 sq km

land:
100 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Carolina about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The region of present-day Georgia contained the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Kartli-Iberia. The area came under Roman influence in the first centuries AD and Christianity became the state religion in the 330s. Domination by Persians, Arabs, and Turks was followed by a Georgian golden age (11th to the 13th centuries) that was cut short by the Mongol invasion of 1236. Subsequently, the Ottoman and Persian empires competed for influence in the region. Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR until the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. Despite myriad problems, some progress on market reforms and democratization has been made since then. An attempt by the government to manipulate legislative elections in November 2003 touched off widespread protests that led to the resignation of Eduard SHEVARDNADZE, president since 1995. New elections in early 2004 swept Mikheil SAAKASHVILI into power along with his National Movement Party. Much of this island has been devastated and two-thirds of the population has fled abroad due to the eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano that began on 18 July 1995.
Birth rate 10.1 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 17.43 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $603.5 million


expenditures: $700.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
revenues:
$31.4 million

expenditures:
$31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4 million (1997 est.)
Capital T'bilisi Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat)
Climate warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 310 km 40 km
Constitution adopted 17 October 1995 present constitution came into force 19 December 1989
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Georgia


local long form: none


local short form: Sak'art'velo


former: Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Montserrat
Currency lari (GEL) East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Death rate 8.98 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.8 billion (2002) $8.9 million (1997)
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Richard M. MILES


embassy: #25 Atoneli Street, T'bilisi 0105


mailing address: 7060 Tbilisi Place, Washington, DC 20521-7060


telephone: [995] (32) 989-967/68


FAX: [995] (32) 933-759
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Levan MIKELADZE


chancery: Suite 602, 1101 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005


telephone: [1] (202) 387-4537


FAX: [1] (202) 393-4537
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international about a third of the boundary with Russia remains undelimited, and none of it demarcated, with several small, strategic segments remaining in dispute; OSCE observers monitor volatile areas such as the Pankisi Gorge in the Akhmeti region and the Argun Gorge in Abkhazia; Meshkheti Turks scattered throughout the former Soviet Union seek to return to Georgia; boundary with Armenia remains undemarcated; ethnic Armenian groups in Javakheti region of Georgia seek greater autonomy from the Georgian government; Azerbaijan protests Georgian construction at the Red Bridge crossing and several other small segments of boundary, which remain unresolved until delimitation none
Economic aid - recipient ODA $150 million (2000 est.) $9.8 million (1995); note - about $100 million (1996-98) in reconstruction aid from the UK; Country Policy Plan (1999) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance
Economy - overview Georgia's main economic activities include the cultivation of agricultural products such as citrus fruits, tea, hazelnuts, and grapes; mining of manganese and copper; and output of a small industrial sector producing alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, metals, machinery, and chemicals. The country imports the bulk of its energy needs, including natural gas and oil products. Its only sizable internal energy resource is hydropower. Despite the severe damage the economy has suffered due to civil strife, Georgia, with the help of the IMF and World Bank, has made substantial economic gains since 1995, achieving positive GDP growth and curtailing inflation. However, the Georgian Government suffers from limited resources due to a chronic failure to collect tax revenues. Georgia also suffers from energy shortages; it privatized the T'bilisi distribution network in 1998, but collection rates are low, making the venture unprofitable. The country is pinning its hopes for long-term growth on its role as a transit state for pipelines and trade. The start of construction on the Baku-T'bilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Baku-T'bilisi-Erzerum gas pipeline will bring much-needed investment and job opportunities. Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK committed to a three year $125 million aid program in 1999 to help reconstruct the economy.
Electricity - consumption 7.611 billion kWh (2001) 9.3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 850 million kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 7.27 billion kWh (2001) 10 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Black Sea 0 m


highest point: Mt'a Shkhara 5,201 m
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills) 914 m
Environment - current issues air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups Georgian 70.1%, Armenian 8.1%, Russian 6.3%, Azeri 5.7%, Ossetian 3%, Abkhaz 1.8%, other 5% black, white
Exchange rates lari per US dollar - 2.1457 (2003), 2.1957 (2002), 2.073 (2001), 1.9762 (2000), 2.0245 (1999) East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)
Executive branch chief of state: President Mikheil SAAKASHVILI (since 25 January 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government for the power ministries: state security (includes interior) and defense


head of government: President Mikheil SAAKASHVILI (since 25 January 2004); Prime Minister Zurab ZHVANIA (since 9 February 2004); note - the president is the chief of state and head of government for the power ministries: state security (includes interior) and defense; the prime minister is head of the remaining ministries of government


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 4 January 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: Mikheil SAAKASHVILI elected president; percent of vote - Mikheil SAAKASHVILI 96.3%, Temur SHASHIASHVILI 1.9%
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Anthony John ABBOTT (since NA September 1997)

head of government:
Chief Minister David BRANDT (since 22 August 1997)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister; note - as a result of the last election, a coalition party was formed between NPP, NDP, and one of the independent candidates
Exports NA (2001) $1.5 million (1998)
Exports - commodities scrap metal, machinery, chemicals; fuel reexports; citrus fruits, tea, wine electronic components, plastic bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle
Exports - partners Russia 17.7%, Turkey 17.3%, Turkmenistan 12.2%, Armenia 8.6%, Switzerland 6.9%, Ukraine 6.3%, UK 5.9% (2003) US, Antigua and Barbuda (1993)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description white rectangle, in its central portion a red cross connecting all four sides of the flag; in each of the four corners is a small red bolnur-katskhuri cross; the five-cross flag appears to date back to the 14th century blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross
GDP purchasing power parity - $12.18 billion (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $31 million (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 20.5%


industry: 22.6%


services: 56.9% (2003 est.)
agriculture:
5.4%

industry:
13.6%

services:
81% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,500 (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $5,000 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.5% (2003 est.) -1.5% (1999 est.)
Geographic coordinates 42 00 N, 43 30 E 16 45 N, 62 12 W
Geography - note strategically located east of the Black Sea; Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them -
Heliports 2 (2003 est.) -
Highways total: 20,363 km


paved: 19,038 km


unpaved: 1,325 km (2000)
total:
269 km

paved:
203 km

unpaved:
66 km (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2.3%


highest 10%: 27.9% (1996)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs limited cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for domestic consumption; used as transshipment point for opiates via Central Asia to Western Europe and Russia transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports NA (2001) $26 million (1998)
Imports - commodities fuels, machinery and parts, transport equipment, grain and other foods, pharmaceuticals machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials
Imports - partners Russia 14%, UK 12.9%, Turkey 9.9%, Azerbaijan 8.3%, US 8%, Germany 7.3%, Ukraine 7%, France 4.9% (2003) US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1993)
Independence 9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 3% (2000) NA%
Industries steel, aircraft, machine tools, electrical appliances, mining (manganese and copper), chemicals, wood products, wine tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances
Infant mortality rate total: 19.34 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.5 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 16.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
8.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.8% (2003 est.) 5% (1998)
International organization participation BSEC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GUUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MIGA, OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO Caricom, CDB, ECLAC (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, WCL
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 17 (2000)
Irrigated land 4,700 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges elected by the Supreme Council on the president's recommendation); Constitutional Court; first and second instance courts Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)
Labor force 2.1 million (2001 est.) 4,521 (1992); note - recently lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 40%, industry 20%, services 40% (1999 est.) agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries total: 1,461 km


border countries: Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 11.44%


permanent crops: 3.86%


other: 84.7% (2001)
arable land:
20%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
10%

forests and woodland:
40%

other:
30% (1993 est.)
Languages Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7%


note: Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia
English
Legal system based on civil law system English common law and statutory law
Legislative branch unicameral Supreme Council (commonly referred to as Parliament) or Umaghiesi Sabcho (235 seats - 150 elected by party lists); members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 28 March 2004 (next to be held spring 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - National Movement-Democrats 67.6%, Rightist Opposition 7.6%, all other parties received less than 7% each; seats by party - National Movement-Democrats 135, Rightist Opposition 15
unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 7 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 11 November 1996 (next to be held by NA November 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPA 2, MNR 2, NPP 1, independent 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 75.62 years


male: 72.35 years


female: 79.44 years (2004 est.)
total population:
78.03 years

male:
75.95 years

female:
80.22 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99%


male: 100%


female: 98% (1999 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
97% (1970 est.)
Location Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references Asia Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims No data available exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM
Merchant marine total: 144 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 855,908 GRT/1,288,812 DWT


by type: bulk 20, cargo 95, chemical tanker 1, container 11, liquefied gas 1, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 9, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 2, short-sea/passenger 1, specialized tanker 1


foreign-owned: Albania 2, Belize 2, British Virgin Islands 2, Bulgaria 1, Cyprus 5, Ecuador 1, Egypt 3, Estonia 1, Germany 1, Gibraltar 1, Greece 13, Israel 1, Italy 1, Latvia 4, Lebanon 3, Liberia 2, Madagascar 1, Malta 1, Netherlands 2, Norway 1, Panama 8, Romania 6, Russia 10, Saint Kitts and Nevis 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4, Saudi Arabia 1, Syria 31, Turkey 10, Ukraine 16,


registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)
none (2000 est.)
Military - note a CIS peacekeeping force of Russian troops is deployed in the Abkhazia region of Georgia together with a UN military observer group; a Russian peacekeeping battalion is deployed in South Ossetia defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Ground Forces (including National Guard), Air and Air Defense Forces, Maritime Defense Force Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $23 million (FY00) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.59% (FY00) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,156,302 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 906,400 (2004 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 39,570 (2004 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 is the date of independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality noun: Georgian(s)


adjective: Georgian
noun:
Montserratian(s)

adjective:
Montserratian
Natural hazards earthquakes severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (full-scale eruptions of the Soufriere Hills volcano occurred during 1996-97)
Natural resources forests, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth NEGL
Net migration rate -4.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 123.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines gas 1,697 km; oil 1,027 km; refined products 232 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Burjanadze-Democrats [Nino BURJANADZE]; Georgian People's Front [Nodar NATADZE]; Georgian United Communist Party or UCPG [Panteleimon GIORGADZE]; Greens [Giorgi GACHECHILADZE]; Industry Will Save Georgia (Industrialists) or IWSG [Georgi TOPADZE]; Labor Party [Shalva NATELASHVILI]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Bachuki KARDAVA]; National Movement Democratic Front [Mikheil SAAKASHVILI] bloc composed of National Movement and Burjanadze-Democrats; National Movement [Mikheil SAAKASHVILI]; New Right [Levaii GACHECHILADZE]; Republican Party [David BERDZENISHVILI]; Rightist Opposition [Davit GAMKRELIDZE] bloc composed of Industrialists and New Right Party; Socialist Party or SPG [Irakli MINDELI]; Traditionalists [Akaki ASATIANI]; Union of National Forces-Conservatives [Koba DAVITASHVILI and Zviad DZIDZIGURI] Movement for National Reconstruction or MNR [Percival Austin BRAMBLE]; National Development Party or NDP [leader NA]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; People's Progressive Alliance or PPA [John A. OSBORNE]
Political pressure groups and leaders Georgian independent deputies from Abkhaz government in exile; separatists in the breakaway regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia; supporters of the late ousted President Zviad GAMSAKHURDYA NA
Population 4,693,892 (July 2004 est.) 7,574

note:
an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 54% (2001 est.) NA%
Population growth rate -0.36% (2004 est.) 13.39% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bat'umi, P'ot'i, Sokhumi Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 12, shortwave 4 (1998) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 7,000 (1997)
Railways total: 1,612 km (1,612 km electrified)


broad gauge: 1,575 km 1.520-m gauge (1,575 electrified)


narrow gauge: 37 km 0.912-m gauge (37 electrified) (2003)
0 km
Religions Georgian Orthodox 65%, Muslim 11%, Russian Orthodox 10%, Armenian Apostolic 8%, unknown 6% Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations
Sex ratio at birth: 1.16 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female


total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.92 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.14 male(s)/female

total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: local - T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi have cellular telephone networks; urban telephone density is about 20 per 100 people; rural telephone density is about 4 per 100 people; intercity facilities include a fiber-optic line between T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi; nationwide pager service is available


international: country code - 995; Georgia and Russia are working on a fiber-optic line between P'ot'i and Sochi (Russia); present international service is available by microwave, landline, and satellite through the Moscow switch; international electronic mail and telex service are available
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use 650,500 (2003) 4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 522,300 (2003) 70 (1994)
Television broadcast stations 12 (plus repeaters) (1998) 1 (1997)
Terrain largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland volcanic islands, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland
Total fertility rate 1.4 children born/woman (2004 est.) 1.82 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Transportation - note transportation network is in poor condition resulting from ethnic conflict, criminal activities, and fuel shortages; network lacks maintenance and repair -
Unemployment rate 17% (2001 est.) 20% (1996 est.)
Waterways - none
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