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Compare Bermuda (2001) - Greece (2004)

Compare Bermuda (2001) z Greece (2004)

 Bermuda (2001)Greece (2004)
 BermudaGreece
Administrative divisions 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint Georges, Sandys, Smiths, Southampton, Warwick 51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos) and 1 autonomous region*; Agion Oros* (Mt. Athos), Achaia, Aitolia kai Akarmania, Argolis, Arkadia, Arta, Attiki, Chalkidiki, Chanion, Chios, Dodekanisos, Drama, Evros, Evrytania, Evvoia, Florina, Fokidos, Fthiotis, Grevena, Ileia, Imathia, Ioannina, Irakleion, Karditsa, Kastoria, Kavala, Kefallinia, Kerkyra, Kilkis, Korinthia, Kozani, Kyklades, Lakonia, Larisa, Lasithi, Lefkas, Lesvos, Magnisia, Messinia, Pella, Pieria, Preveza, Rethynnis, Rodopi, Samos, Serrai, Thesprotia, Thessaloniki, Trikala, Voiotia, Xanthi, Zakynthos
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.4% (male 6,091; female 6,230)

15-64 years:
69.43% (male 21,783; female 22,309)

65 years and over:
11.17% (male 3,073; female 4,017) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 14.5% (male 792,938; female 746,119)


15-64 years: 67% (male 3,563,703; female 3,566,549)


65 years and over: 18.6% (male 873,540; female 1,104,680) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine, tobacco, potatoes; beef, dairy products
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 79 (note - new Athens airport at Spata opened in March 2001) (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 66


over 3,047 m: 5


2,438 to 3,047 m: 16


1,524 to 2,437 m: 20


914 to 1,523 m: 16


under 914 m: 9 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 11 (2004 est.)
Area total:
58.8 sq km

land:
58.8 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 131,940 sq km


land: 130,800 sq km


water: 1,140 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Alabama
Background Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995. Greece achieved its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1829. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually added neighboring islands and territories, most with Greek-speaking populations. In World War II, Greece was first invaded by Italy (1940) and subsequently occupied by Germany (1941-44); fighting endured in a protracted civil war between royalist supporters of the king and communist rebels. Following the latter's defeat in 1949, Greece was able to join NATO in 1952. A military dictatorship, which in 1967 suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country, lasted seven years. The 1974 democratic elections and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy. Greece joined the European Community or EC in 1981 (which became the EU in 1992); it became the 12th member of the euro zone in 2001.
Birth rate 12.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.73 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues:
$504.6 million

expenditures:
$537 million, including capital expenditures of $75 million (FY97/98)
revenues: $76.84 billion


expenditures: $79.48 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Capital Hamilton Athens
Climate subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers
Coastline 103 km 13,676 km
Constitution 8 June 1968, amended 1989 11 June 1975; amended March 1986 and April 2001
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Bermuda

former:
Somers Islands
conventional long form: Hellenic Republic


conventional short form: Greece


local long form: Elliniki Dhimokratia


local short form: Ellas or Ellada


former: Kingdom of Greece
Currency Bermudian dollar (BMD) euro (EUR)


note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Death rate 7.42 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 10.08 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $NA $65.51 billion (2003 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Consul General Lawrence D. OWEN

consulate(s) general:
Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton

mailing address:
P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, Washington, DC 20520-5300

telephone:
[1] (441) 295-1342

FAX:
[1] (441) 295-1592
chief of mission: Ambassador Charles RIES


embassy: 91 Vasilissis Sophias Avenue, 10160 Athens


mailing address: PSC 108, APO AE 09842-0108


telephone: [30] (210) 721-2951


FAX: [30] (210) 645-6282


consulate(s) general: Thessaloniki
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Yeoryios SAVVAIDIS


chancery: 2221 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 939-1300


FAX: [1] (202) 939-1324


consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco


consulate(s): Atlanta, Houston, and Tampa
Disputes - international none Greece and Turkey have resumed discussions to resolve their complex maritime, air, territorial, and boundary disputes in the Aegean Sea; Cyprus question with Turkey; dispute with the Republic of Macedonia over its name
Economic aid - recipient $27.9 million (1995) $5.4 billion from EU (1995)
Economy - overview Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing financial services for international firms and luxury tourist facilities for 360,000 visitors annually. The tourist industry, which accounts for an estimated 28% of GDP, attracts 84% of its business from North America. The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported. International business contributes over 60% of Bermuda's economic output; a failed independence vote in late 1995 can be partially attributed to Bermudian fears of scaring away foreign firms. Government economic priorities are the further strengthening of the tourist and international financial sectors. Greece has a mixed capitalist economy with the public sector accounting for about 40% of GDP and with per capita GDP 70% of the leading euro-zone economies. Tourism provides 15% of GDP. Immigrants make up nearly one-fifth of the work force, mainly in menial jobs. Greece is a major beneficiary of EU aid, equal to about 3.3% of annual GDP. The Greek economy grew by about 4.0% for the past two years, largely because of an investment boom and infrastructure upgrades for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. Despite strong growth, Greece has failed to meet the EU's Growth and Stability Pact budget deficit criteria of 3% of GDP since 2000; public debt, inflation, and unemployment are also above the eurozone average. Further restructuring of the economy include privatizing several state enterprises, undertaking pension and other reforms, and minimizing bureaucratic inefficiencies.
Electricity - consumption 511.5 million kWh (1999) 48.8 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 1.062 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 3.562 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 550 million kWh (1999) 49.79 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Town Hill 76 m
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Olympus 2,917 m
Environment - current issues asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space air pollution; water pollution
Environment - international agreements - party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
Ethnic groups black 58%, white 36%, other 6% Greek 98%, other 2%


note: the Greek Government states there are no ethnic divisions in Greece
Exchange rates Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 365.399 (2000), 305.647 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Thorold MASEFIELD (since NA June 1997)

head of government:
Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998)

cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; governor invites leader of largest party in Parliament to form a government as premier
chief of state: President Konstandinos (Kostis) STEPHANOPOULOS (since 10 March 1995)


head of government: Prime Minister Konstandinos KARAMANLIS (since 7 March 2004)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; election last held 8 February 2000 (next to be held by February 2005); according to the Greek Constitution, presidents may only serve two terms; president appoints leader of the party securing plurality of vote in election to become prime minister and form a government


election results: Konstandinos STEPHANOPOULOS reelected president; percent of Parliament vote - 90%
Exports $56 million (2000 est.) 84,720 bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities reexports of pharmaceuticals food and beverages, manufactured goods, petroleum products, chemicals, textiles
Exports - partners UK 29.5%, US 9.8% (1997) Germany 12.6%, Italy 10.5%, UK 7%, US 6.5%, Bulgaria 6.2%, Cyprus 4.8%, France 4.2%, Turkey 4% (2003)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white; there is a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white cross; the cross symbolizes Greek Orthodoxy, the established religion of the country
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.1 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $213.6 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
10%

services:
89% (1995 est.)
agriculture: 6.7%


industry: 22%


services: 71.2% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $33,000 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $20,000 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.5% (2000 est.) 4.7% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates 32 20 N, 64 45 W 39 00 N, 22 00 E
Geography - note consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995 strategic location dominating the Aegean Sea and southern approach to Turkish Straits; a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 2,000 islands
Heliports - 7 (2003 est.)
Highways total:
225 km

paved:
225 km

unpaved:
0 km

note:
in addition, there are 232 km of paved and unpaved roads that are privately owned (1997)
total: 117,000 km


paved: 107,406 km (including 470 km of expressways)


unpaved: 9,594 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 25.3% (1993 est.)
Illicit drugs - a gateway to Europe for traffickers smuggling cannabis and heroin from the Middle East and Southwest Asia to the West and precursor chemicals to the East; some South American cocaine transits or is consumed in Greece; money laundering related to drug trafficking and organized crime
Imports $739 million (2000 est.) 468,300 bbl/day (2001)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals machinery, transport equipment, fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners US 34%, UK 9%, Mexico 8% (1997) Germany 12.5%, Italy 12.2%, France 6.6%, Russia 6.1%, South Korea 5.4%, US 5.2%, Netherlands 5.2%, Japan 4.3%, UK 4.2% (2003)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) 1829 (from the Ottoman Empire)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 0.7% (2003 est.)
Industries tourism, finance, insurance, structural concrete products, paints, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, ship repairing tourism; food and tobacco processing, textiles; chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum
Infant mortality rate 9.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 5.63 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.04 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.7% (2000 est.) 3.6% (2003 est.)
International organization participation Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, G- 6, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UPU, WCO, WEU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 20 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 14,220 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts Supreme Judicial Court; Special Supreme Tribunal; all judges appointed for life by the president after consultation with a judicial council
Labor force 35,296 (1997) 4.39 million (2003 est.)
Labor force - by occupation clerical 23%, services 22%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 12%, sales 7%, agriculture and fishing 2% (1996) agriculture 20%, industry 20%, services 60% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 1,228 km


border countries: Albania 282 km, Bulgaria 494 km, Turkey 206 km, Macedonia 246 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
94% (55% developed, 39% rural/open space) (1997 est.)
arable land: 21.1%


permanent crops: 8.78%


other: 70.12% (2001)
Languages English (official), Portuguese Greek 99% (official), English, French
Legal system English law based on codified Roman law; judiciary divided into civil, criminal, and administrative courts
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party - PLP 26, UBP 14
unicameral Parliament or Vouli ton Ellinon (300 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: elections last held 7 March 2004 (next to be held by March 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - ND 45.4%, PASOK 40.6%, KKE 5.9%, Synaspismos 3.3%; seats by party - ND 165, PASOK 117, KKE 12, Synaspismos 6
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.12 years

male:
75.04 years

female:
79.06 years (2001 est.)
total population: 78.94 years


male: 76.44 years


female: 81.59 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
98%

female:
99% (1970 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97.5%


male: 98.6%


female: 96.5% (2003 est.)
Location North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US) Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey
Map references North America Europe
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Merchant marine total:
105 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,836,538 GRT/9,728,045 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 27, cargo 4, container 15, liquefied gas 7, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 23, refrigerated cargo 16, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 3

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Canada 10, Hong Kong 10, Japan 1, Nigeria 4, Saudi Arabia 1, Sweden 3, Switzerland 2, UK 10, US 7 (2000 est.)
total: 793 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 30,186,624 GRT/52,943,968 DWT


by type: bulk 298, cargo 57, chemical tanker 38, combination bulk 5, combination ore/oil 3, container 49, liquefied gas 5, passenger 10, petroleum tanker 267, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 19, short-sea/passenger 38, specialized tanker 3


foreign-owned: Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, Israel 1, Italy 1, Liberia 3, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 1, Norway 2, Panama 3, Singapore 1, Sweden 1, United Kingdom 2, United States 5


registered in other countries: 2,443 (2004 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary Hellenic Army, Hellenic Navy, Hellenic Air Force (EPA), National Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $7,288.9 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 4.3% (2003)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 2,638,949 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 2,004,343 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 63,496 (2004 est.)
National holiday Bermuda Day, 24 May Independence Day, 25 March (1821)
Nationality noun:
Bermudian(s)

adjective:
Bermudian
noun: Greek(s)


adjective: Greek
Natural hazards hurricanes (June to November) severe earthquakes
Natural resources limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism lignite, petroleum, iron ore, bauxite, lead, zinc, nickel, magnesite, marble, salt, hydropower potential
Net migration rate 2.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 2.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note - women, men, and children are trafficked to and within Greece for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labor
Pipelines - gas 1,166 km; oil 94 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Pamela GORDON] Coalition of the Left and Progress (Synaspismos) [Alekos ALAVANOS]; Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Aleka PAPARIGA]; New Democracy or ND (conservative) [Konstandinos KARAMANLIS]; Panhellenic Socialist Movement or PASOK [Yiorgos PAPANDREOU]; Popular Orthodox Rally [Yeoryios KARATZAFERIS]
Political pressure groups and leaders Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Association or BPSA [Betty CHRISTOPHER] General Confederation of Greek Workers or GSEE [Khristos POLYZOGOPOLOS]; Federation of Greek Industries or SEV [Odysseas KYRIAKOPOULOS]; Civil Servants Confederation or ADEDY [Spyros PAPASPYROS]
Population 63,503 (July 2001 est.) 10,647,529 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA
Population growth rate 0.74% (2001 est.) 0.2% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Hamilton, Saint George Alexandroupolis, Elefsis, Irakleion (Crete), Kavala, Kerkyra, Chalkis, Igoumenitsa, Lavrion, Patrai, Peiraiefs (Piraeus), Thessaloniki, Volos
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 26, FM 88, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios 82,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km total: 2,571 km (764 km electrified)


standard gauge: 1,565 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 961 km 1.000-m gauge; 22 km 0.750-m gauge


dual gauge: 23 km combined 1.435-m and 1.000-m gauges (three rail system) (2003)
Religions non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19% Greek Orthodox 98%, Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%
Sex ratio at birth:
0.94 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.76 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
modern, fully automatic telephone system

international:
3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: adequate, modern networks reach all areas; good mobile telephone and international service


domestic: microwave radio relay trunk system; extensive open-wire connections; submarine cable to offshore islands


international: country code - 30; tropospheric scatter; 8 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Indian Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 52,000 (1997) 5,205,100 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,980 (1996) 8,936,200 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 3 (1997) 36 (plus 1,341 low-power repeaters); also two stations in the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (1995)
Terrain low hills separated by fertile depressions mostly mountains with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands
Total fertility rate 1.81 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.32 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate NEGL% (1995) 9.4% (2003 est.)
Waterways none 6 km


note: Corinth Canal (6 km) crosses the Isthmus of Corinth; shortens sea voyage by 325 km (2004)
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