![]() | Tanzania (2001) (porownaj) |
![]() | Tanzania (2002) (porownaj) |
![]() | Tanzania (2003) (porownaj) |
![]() | Tanzania (2004) (porownaj) |
![]() | Tanzania (2005) (porownaj) |
![]() | Tanzania (2006) (porownaj) |
![]() | Tanzania (2008) (porownaj) |
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Podzial administracyjny | 26 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kagera, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Manyara, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar Urban/West |
Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 43.9% (male 8,666,227/female 8,624,387)
15-64 years: 53.3% (male 10,330,727/female 10,649,507) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 491,252/female 622,123) (2007 est.) |
Rolinictwo | coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves, corn, wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats |
Lotniska | 124 (2007) |
Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 10
over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007) |
Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 114
1,524 to 2,437 m: 17 914 to 1,523 m: 63 under 914 m: 34 (2007) |
Terytorium | total: 945,087 sq km
land: 886,037 sq km water: 59,050 sq km note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar |
Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly larger than twice the size of California |
Tlo historyczne | Shortly after achieving independence from Britain w the early 1960s, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania w 1964. One-party rule came to an end w 1995 z the first democratic elections held w the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities. |
Wspolczynnik narodzin | 35.95 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
Budzet | revenues: $2.496 billion
expenditures: $3.094 billion (2006 est.) |
Stolica | name: Dar es Salaam
geographic coordinates: 6 48 S, 39 17 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: legislative offices have been transferred to Dodoma, which is planned as the new national capital; the National Assembly now meets there on a regular basis |
Klimat | varies from tropical along coast to temperate w highlands |
Linia brzegowa | 1,424 km |
Konstytucja | 25 kwiecien 1977; major revisions pazdziernik 1984 |
Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: United Republic of Tanzania
conventional short form: Tanzania local long form: Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania local short form: Tanzania former: United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar |
Wspolczynnik zgonow | 13.36 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $4.786 billion (2006 est.) |
Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Michael L. RETZER
embassy: 140 Msese Road, Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam mailing address: P. O. Box 9123, Dar es Salaam telephone: [255] (22) 2666-010 through 2666-015 FAX: [255] (22) 2666-701, 2668-501 |
Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Ombeni Yohana SEFUE
chancery: 2139 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 939-6125 FAX: [1] (202) 797-7408 |
Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | Tanzania still hosts more than a half-million refugees, more than any other African country, mainly from Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, despite the international community's efforts at repatriation; disputes z Malawi over the boundary w Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and the meandering Songwe River remain dormant |
Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | $1.505 billion (2005) |
Ekonomia | Tanzania is one of the poorest countries w the world. The economy depends heavily on agriculture, which accounts dla almost half of Produkt krajowy brutto, provides 85% of exports, and employs 80% of the work force. Topography and climatic conditions, however, limit cultivated crops to only 4% of the land area. Industry traditionally featured the processing of agricultural products and light consumer goods. The Swiat Bank, the IMF, and bilateral donors have provided funds to rehabilitate Tanzania's out-of-date economic infrastructure and to alleviate poverty. Long-term growth through 2005 featured a pickup w industrial production and a substantial increase w output of minerals led by gold. Recent banking reforms have helped increase private-sector growth and investment. Continued donor assistance and solid macroeconomic policies supported real Produkt krajowy brutto growth of nearly 6% w 2006. |
Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 1.199 billion kWh (2005) |
Elektrycznosc - eksport | 0 kWh (2005) |
Elektrycznosc - import | 136 million kWh (2005) |
Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 1.88 billion kWh (2005) |
Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Ocean Indyjski 0 m
highest point: Kilimanjaro 5,895 m |
Srodowisko - obecne problemy | soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by illegal hunting and trade, especially dla ivory |
Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
Grupy etniczne | mainland - African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, African, mixed Arab and African |
Kurs waluty | Tanzanian shillings per US dollar - 1,251.9 (2006), 1,128.93 (2005), 1,089.33 (2004), 1,038.42 (2003), 966.58 (2002) |
Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Jakaya KIKWETE (since 21 grudzien 2005); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 lipiec 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Jakaya KIKWETE (since 21 grudzien 2005); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 lipiec 2001) note: Zanzibar elects a president who is head of government dla matters internal to Zanzibar; Amani Abeid KARUME was reelected to that office on 30 pazdziernik 2005 cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president and vice president elected on the same ballot by popular vote dla five-year terms (eligible dla a second term); election last held 14 grudzien 2005 (next to be held w grudzien 2010); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Jakaya KIKWETE elected president; percent of vote - Jakaya KIKWETE 80.3%, Ibrahim LIPUMBA 11.7%, Freeman MBOWE 5.9% |
Eksport | 0 kWh (2005) |
Eksport | $1.798 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
Eksport | NA bbl/day |
Eksport - towary | gold, coffee, cashew nuts, manufactures, cotton |
Eksport - partnerzy | Chiny 8.8%, Indie 8.8%, Holandia 6.2%, Japonia 5.3%, UAE 4.2%, Niemcy 4.2% (2006) |
Rok podatkowy | 1 lipiec - 30 czerwiec |
Opis flagi | divided diagonally by a yellow-edged black band from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is blue |
Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 43.2%
industry: 18.1% services: 38.7% (2006 est.) |
Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 5.9% (2006 est.) |
Koordynaty geograficzne | 6 00 S, 35 00 E |
Polozenie geograficzne | Kilimanjaro is highest point w Africa; bordered by three of the largest lakes on the continent: Lake Victoria (the world's second-largest freshwater lake) w the north, Lake Tanganyika (the world's second deepest) w the west, and Lake Nyasa w the southwest |
Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 2.9%
highest 10%: 26.9% (2000) |
Narkotyki | growing role w transshipment of Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined dla Republika Poludniowej Afrykin, European, and US markets and of South Asian methaqualone bound dla southern Africa; money laundering remains a problem |
Import | 136 million kWh (2005) |
Import | $4.369 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
Import | NA bbl/day |
Import - towary | consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, industrial raw materials, crude oil |
Import - partnerzy | Republika Poludniowej Afryki 9.8%, Chiny 9.4%, Kenia 7.8%, Indie 6.8%, UAE 5.9%, Zambia 5.7% (2006) |
Niepodleglosc | 26 kwiecien 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 grudzien 1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship); Zanzibar became independent 19 grudzien 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united z Zanzibar 26 kwiecien 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 pazdziernik 1964 |
Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 8.4% (1999 est.) |
Przemysl | agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine); diamond, gold, and iron mining, salt, soda ash; cement, oil refining, shoes, apparel, wood products, fertilizer |
Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | total: 71.69 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 78.84 deaths/1,000 live births female: 64.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
Inflacja | 6.1% (2006 est.) |
Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | ACP, AfDB, AU, C, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-6, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SADC, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO |
Nawadniane tereny | 1,840 sq km (2003) |
Sadownictwo | Permanent Commission of Enquiry (official ombudsman); Court of Appeal (consists of a chief justice and four judges); High Court (consists of a Jaji Kiongozi and 29 judges appointed by the president; holds regular sessions w all regions); District Courts; Primary Courts (limited jurisdiction and appeals can be made to the higher courts) |
Sila robocza | 19.35 million (2006 est.) |
Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture: 80%
industry and services: 20% (2002 est.) |
Granica | total: 3,861 km
border countries: Burundi 451 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 459 km, Kenia 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambik 756 km, Ruanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km |
Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 4.23%
permanent crops: 1.16% other: 94.61% (2005) |
Jezyki | Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguja (name dla Swahili w Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken w Zanzibar), many local languages
note: Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living w Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu w structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources including Arabic and English; it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages |
System prawny | based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (274 seats; 232 members elected by popular vote, 37 allocated to women nominated by the president, 5 to members of the Zanzibar House of Representatives; to serve five-year terms); note - w addition to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of Tanzania, the Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland; Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives to make laws especially dla Zanzibar (the Zanzibar House of Representatives has 50 seats elected by universal suffrage to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 14 grudzien 2005 (next to be held w grudzien 2010) election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CCM 206, CUF 19, CHADEMA 5, other 2, women appointed by the president 37, Zanzibar representatives 5 Zanzibar House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CCM 30, CUF 19; 1 seat was nullified z a rerun to take place soon |
Zywotnosc | total population: 50.71 years
male: 49.41 years female: 52.04 years (2007 est.) |
Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write Kiswahili (Swahili), English, or Arabic
total population: 69.4% male: 77.5% female: 62.2% (2002 census) |
Lokalizacja | Eastern Africa, bordering the Ocean Indyjski, between Kenia and Mozambik |
Lokalizacja na mapie | Africa |
Morskie obszary | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
Flota handlowa | total: 9 ships (1000 GRT or over) 24,801 GRT/31,507 DWT
by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 4, petroleum tanker 4 registered w other countries: 2 (Honduras 1, St Kitts and Nevis 1) (2007) |
Wojsko | Tanzanian People's Defense Force (Jeshi la Wananchi la Tanzania, JWTZ): Army, Naval Wing (includes Coast Guard), Air Defense Command (includes Air Wing), National Service (2007) |
Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 0.2% (2005 est.) |
Swieto narodowe | Union Day (Tanganyika and Zanzibar), 26 kwiecien (1964) |
Narodowosc | noun: Tanzanian(s)
adjective: Tanzanian |
Naturalne zagrozenia | flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought |
Surowce naturalne | hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel |
Wspolczynnik migracji | -1.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
Rurociagi | gas 254 km; oil 872 km (2006) |
Partie polityczne i przywodcy | Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (Party of Democracy and Development) or CHADEMA [Bob MAKANI]; Chama Cha Mapinduzi or CCM (Revolutionary Party) [Jakaya Mrisho KIKWETE]; Civic United Front or CUF [Ibrahim LIPUMBA]; Democratic Party [Christopher MTIKLA] (unregistered); Tanzania Labor Party or TLP [Augustine Lyatonga MREME]; United Democratic Party or UDP [John CHEYO] |
Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | NA |
Ludnosc | 39,384,223
note: estimates dla this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result w lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes w the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (lipiec 2007 est.) |
Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | 36% (2002 est.) |
Przyrost naturalny | 2.091% (2007 est.) |
Stacje radiowe | AM 12, FM 11, shortwave 2 (1998) |
Linie kolejowe | total: 3,690 km
narrow gauge: 969 km 1.067-m gauge; 2,721 km 1.000-m gauge (2006) |
Religie | mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 35%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim |
Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.005 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal |
System telefoniczny | general assessment: fair system operating below capacity and being modernized dla better service; small aperture terminal (VSAT) system under construction
domestic: trunk service provided by open-wire, microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and fiber-optic cable; some links being made digital international: country code - 255; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Ocean Indyjski, 1 Ocean Atlantycki) |
Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 169,135 (2007) |
Telefony komorkowe | 6.72 million (2007) |
Stacje telewizyjne | 3 (1999) |
Uksztaltowanie terenu | plains along coast; central plateau; highlands w north, south |
Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 4.77 children born/woman (2007 est.) |
Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | NA% |
Drogi wodne | Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa principal avenues of commerce z neighboring countries; rivers not navigable (2005) |