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Compare Uruguay (2006) - Oman (2001)

Compare Uruguay (2006) z Oman (2001)

 Uruguay (2006)Oman (2001)
 UruguayOman
Administrative divisions 19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres 6 regions (mintaqat, singular - mintaqah) and 2 governorates* (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) Ad Dakhiliyah, Al Batinah, Al Wusta, Ash Sharqiyah, Az Zahirah, Masqat, Musandam*, Zufar*; note - the US Embassy in Oman reports that Masqat is a governorate, but this has not been confirmed by the US Board of Geographic Names (BGN)
Age structure 0-14 years: 22.9% (male 399,409/female 386,136)


15-64 years: 63.9% (male 1,087,180/female 1,104,465)


65 years and over: 13.3% (male 185,251/female 269,491) (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
41.51% (male 554,727; female 533,627)

15-64 years:
56.12% (male 894,978; female 576,672)

65 years and over:
2.37% (male 32,863; female 29,331) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, wheat, corn, barley; livestock; fish dates, limes, bananas, alfalfa, vegetables; camels, cattle; fish
Airports 64 (2006) 143 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 8


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2006)
total:
6

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 56


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 22


under 914 m: 31 (2006)
total:
137

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
56

914 to 1,523 m:
37

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)
Area total: 176,220 sq km


land: 173,620 sq km


water: 2,600 sq km
total:
212,460 sq km

land:
212,460 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than the state of Washington slightly smaller than Kansas
Background Montevideo, founded by the Spanish in 1726 as a military stronghold, soon took advantage of its natural harbor to become an important commercial center. Annexed by Brazil as a separate province in 1821, Uruguay declared its independence four years later and secured its freedom in 1828 after a three-year struggle. The administrations of President Jose BATLLE in the early 20th century established widespread political, social, and economic reforms. A violent Marxist urban guerrilla movement named the Tupamaros, launched in the late 1960s, led Uruguay's president to agree to military control of his administration in 1973. By yearend, the rebels had been crushed, but the military continued to expand its hold throughout the government. Civilian rule was not restored until 1985. In 2004, the left-of-center EP-FA Coalition won national elections that effectively ended 170 years of political control previously held by the Colorado and Blanco parties. Uruguay's political and labor conditions are among the freest on the continent. In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al Said ousted his father and has ruled as sultan ever since. His extensive modernization program has opened the country to the outside world and has preserved a long-standing political and military relationship with the UK. Oman's moderate, independent foreign policy has sought to maintain good relations with all Middle Eastern countries.
Birth rate 13.91 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 37.96 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $4.468 billion


expenditures: $4.845 billion; including capital expenditures of $193 million (2005 est.)
revenues:
$4.7 billion

expenditures:
$5.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $490 million (1999)
Capital name: Montevideo


geographic coordinates: 34 53 S, 56 11 W


time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in October; ends second Sunday in March
Muscat
Climate warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south
Coastline 660 km 2,092 km
Constitution 27 November 1966, effective February 1967; suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997 none; note - on 6 November 1996, Sultan QABOOS issued a royal decree promulgating a new basic law which, among other things, clarifies the royal succession, provides for a prime minister, bars ministers from holding interests in companies doing business with the government, establishes a bicameral legislature, and guarantees basic civil liberties for Omani citizens
Country name conventional long form: Oriental Republic of Uruguay


conventional short form: Uruguay


local long form: Republica Oriental del Uruguay


local short form: Uruguay


former: Banda Oriental, Cisplatine Province
conventional long form:
Sultanate of Oman

conventional short form:
Oman

local long form:
Saltanat Uman

local short form:
Uman

former:
Muscat and Oman
Currency - Omani rial (OMR)
Death rate 9.05 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 4.1 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $13.24 billion (2005 est.) $4.5 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Charge d'Affaires James D. NEALON


embassy: Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo 11200


mailing address: APO AA 34035


telephone: [598] (2) 418-7777


FAX: [598] (2) 418-8611
chief of mission:
Ambassador John B. CRAIG

embassy:
Jameat A'Duwal Al Arabiya Street, Al Khuwair area, Muscat

mailing address:
international: P. O. Box 202, Code No. 115, Medinat Al-Sultan Qaboos, Muscat

telephone:
[968] 698989

FAX:
[968] 699189
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Carlos Alberto GIANELLI Derois


chancery: 1913 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20006


telephone: [1] (202) 331-1313 through 1316


FAX: [1] (202) 331-8142


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York


consulate(s): San Juan (Puerto Rico)
chief of mission:
Ambassador Abdallah bin Muhammad bin Aqil al-DHAHAB

chancery:
2535 Belmont Road, NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-1980 through 1981, 1988

FAX:
[1] (202) 745-4933
Disputes - international uncontested dispute with Brazil over certain islands in the Quarai/Cuareim and Invernada streams and the resulting tripoint with Argentina boundary with the UAE has not been bilaterally defined; northern section in the Musandam Peninsula is an administrative boundary
Economic aid - recipient $NA $76.4 million (1995)
Economy - overview Uruguay's well-to-do economy is characterized by an export-oriented agricultural sector, a well-educated work force, and high levels of social spending. After averaging growth of 5% annually during 1996-98, in 1999-2002 the economy suffered a major downturn, stemming largely from the spillover effects of the economic problems of its large neighbors, Argentina and Brazil. For instance, in 2001-02 Argentina made massive withdrawals of dollars deposited in Uruguayan banks, which led to a plunge in the Uruguayan peso and a massive rise in unemployment. Total GDP in these four years dropped by nearly 20%, with 2002 the worst year due to the banking crisis. The unemployment rate rose to nearly 20% in 2002, inflation surged, and the burden of external debt doubled. Cooperation with the IMF helped stem the damage. A debt swap with private-sector creditors in 2003 extended the maturity dates on nearly half of Uruguay's then $11.3 billion of public debt and helped restore public confidence. The economy grew about 10% in 2004 as a result of high commodity prices for Uruguayan exports, a competitive peso, growth in the region, and low international interest rates, but slowed to 6.1% in 2005. Oman's economic performance improved significantly in 2000 due largely to the upturn in oil prices. The government is moving ahead with privatization of its utilities, the development of a body of commercial law to facilitate foreign investment, and increased budgetary outlays. Oman continues to liberalize its markets and joined the World Trade Organization (WTrO) in November 2000.
Electricity - consumption 7.762 billion kWh (2003) 8.026 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 900 million kWh (2003) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 654 million kWh (2003) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 8.611 billion kWh (2003) 8.63 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Cerro Catedral 514 m
lowest point:
Arabian Sea 0 m

highest point:
Jabal Shams 2,980 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from meat packing/tannery industry; inadequate solid/hazardous waste disposal rising soil salinity; beach pollution from oil spills; very limited natural fresh water resources
Environment - international agreements party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups white 88%, mestizo 8%, black 4%, Amerindian (practically nonexistent) Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African
Exchange rates Uruguayan pesos per US dollar - 24.479 (2005), 28.704 (2004), 28.209 (2003), 21.257 (2002), 13.319 (2001) Omani rials per US dollar - 0.3845 (fixed rate since 1986)
Executive branch chief of state: President Tabare VAZQUEZ Rosas (since 1 March 2005) and Vice President Rodolfo NIN NOVOA (since 1 March 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Tabare VAZQUEZ Rosas (since 1 March 2005) and Vice President Rodolfo NIN NOVOA (since 1 March 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president with parliamentary approval


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (may not serve consecutive terms); election last held 31 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009)


election results: Tabare VAZQUEZ elected president; percent of vote - Tabare VAZQUEZ 50.5%, Jorge LARRANAGA 35.1%, Guillermo STIRLING 10.3%; other 4.1%
chief of state:
Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary
Exports NA bbl/day $11.1 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities meat, rice, leather products, wool, fish, dairy products petroleum, reexports, fish, metals, textiles
Exports - partners US 18.6%, Brazil 15.6%, Mexico 6.9%, Argentina 6.1%, Spain 4.1%, Germany 4% (2005) Japan 27%, China 12%, Thailand 18%, UAE 12%, South Korea 12%, US (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description nine equal horizontal stripes of white (top and bottom) alternating with blue; there is a white square in the upper hoist-side corner with a yellow sun bearing a human face known as the Sun of May with 16 rays that alternate between triangular and wavy three horizontal bands of white, red, and green of equal width with a broad, vertical, red band on the hoist side; the national emblem (a khanjar dagger in its sheath superimposed on two crossed swords in scabbards) in white is centered at the top of the vertical band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $19.6 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 9.3%


industry: 31.1%


services: 59.6% (2005 est.)
agriculture:
3%

industry:
40%

services:
57% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $7,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 6.8% (2005 est.) 4.6% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 33 00 S, 56 00 W 21 00 N, 57 00 E
Geography - note second-smallest South American country (after Suriname); most of the low-lying landscape (three-quarters of the country) is grassland, ideal for cattle and sheep raising strategic location on Musandam Peninsula adjacent to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil
Heliports - 1 (2000 est.)
Highways - total:
32,800 km

paved:
9,840 km (including 550 km of expressways)

unpaved:
22,960 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3.7%


highest 10%: 25.8% (1997)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports NA bbl/day $4.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery, chemicals, road vehicles, crude petroleum machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, livestock, lubricants
Imports - partners Argentina 18.9%, Brazil 18.5%, Paraguay 14%, US 8.6%, China 6.2% (2005) UAE 26% (largely reexports), Japan 16%, UK 9%, Italy 7%, Germany 6%, US (1999)
Independence 25 August 1825 (from Brazil) 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese)
Industrial production growth rate 8.5% (2005 est.) 4% (2000 est.)
Industries food processing, electrical machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages crude oil production and refining, natural gas production, construction, cement, copper
Infant mortality rate total: 11.61 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 12.9 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 10.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
22.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.7% (2005 est.) -0.8% (2000 est.)
International organization participation CAN (associate), CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMOGIP, UNOCI, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 2,100 sq km (2003) 580 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and elected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly) Supreme Court

note:
the nascent civil court system, administered by region, has non-Islamic judges as well as traditional Islamic judges
Labor force 1.52 million (2005 est.) 850,000 (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 14%


industry: 16%


services: 70%
agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries total: 1,564 km


border countries: Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km
total:
1,374 km

border countries:
Saudi Arabia 676 km, UAE 410 km, Yemen 288 km
Land use arable land: 7.77%


permanent crops: 0.24%


other: 91.99% (2005)
arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
95% (1993 est.)
Languages Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero (Portuguese-Spanish mix on the Brazilian frontier) Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects
Legal system based on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on English common law and Islamic law; ultimate appeal to the monarch; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral General Assembly or Asamblea General consists of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (30 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms; vice president has one vote in the Senate) and Chamber of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (99 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: Chamber of Senators - last held 31 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009); Chamber of Representatives - last held 31 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009)


election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - EP-FA 16, Blanco 11, Colorado Party 3; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - EP-FA 52, Blanco 36, Colorado Party 10, Independent Party 1
bicameral Majlis Oman consists of an upper chamber or Majlis al-Dawla (48 seats; members appointed by the monarch; has advisory powers only) and a lower chamber or Majlis al-Shura (83 seats; members elected by limited suffrage, however, the monarch makes final selections and can negate election results; body has some limited power to propose legislation, but otherwise has only advisory powers)

elections:
last held NA September 2000 (next to be held NA September 2003)

election results:
NA; note - two women were elected for the first time to Majlis al-Shura, about 100,000 people voted
Life expectancy at birth total population: 76.33 years


male: 73.12 years


female: 79.65 years (2006 est.)
total population:
72.04 years

male:
69.9 years

female:
74.29 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98%


male: 97.6%


female: 98.4% (2003 est.)
definition:
NA

total population:
approaching 80%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and UAE
Map references South America Middle East
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 13 ships (1000 GRT or over) 34,259 GRT/19,725 DWT


by type: cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 7, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1


foreign-owned: 4 (Argentina 3, Greece 1)


registered in other countries: 8 (Argentina 1, Bahamas 2, Liberia 3, Spain 2) (2006)
total:
4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 18,167 GRT/11,307 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy (includes naval air arm, Marines, Maritime Prefecture in wartime), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Uruguaya, FAU) (2006) Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary (includes Royal Oman Police)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $371.2 million (2005 est.) $2.4 billion (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.1% (2005 est.) 13% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
771,919 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
429,811 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 14 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
26,469 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 25 August (1825) Birthday of Sultan QABOOS, 18 November (1940)
Nationality noun: Uruguayan(s)


adjective: Uruguayan
noun:
Omani(s)

adjective:
Omani
Natural hazards seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind that blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts
Natural resources arable land, hydropower, minor minerals, fisheries petroleum, copper, asbestos, some marble, limestone, chromium, gypsum, natural gas
Net migration rate -0.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) 0.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines gas 257 km; oil 160 km (2006) crude oil 1,300 km; natural gas 1,030 km
Political parties and leaders Colorado Party [Julio Maria SANGUINETTI]; Independent Party (Partido Independiente) [Pablo MIERES]; Movement of Popular Participation or MPP [Jose MUJICA]; National Party or Blanco [Jorge LARRANAGA]; New Sector/Space Coalition (Nuevo Espacio) [Rafael MICHELINI]; Progressive Encounter/Broad Front Coalition (Encuentro Progresista/Frente Amplio) or EP-FA [Tabare VAZQUEZ]; Socialist Party of Uruguay or Socialists [Reinaldo GARGANO]; Uruguayan Assembly or Asamblea Uruguay [Danilo ASTORI] none
Political pressure groups and leaders Architect's Society of Uruguay (professional organization); Catholic Church; Chamber of Uruguayan Industries (manufacturer's association); Chemist and Pharmaceutical Association (professional organization); PIT-CNT (powerful federation of Uruguayan unions); Rural Association of Uruguay (rancher's association); students; Uruguayan Construction League none
Population 3,431,932 (July 2006 est.) 2,622,198

note:
includes 527,078 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 22% of households (2004) NA%
Population growth rate 0.46% (2006 est.) 3.43% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Matrah, Mina' al Fahl, Mina' Raysut
Radio broadcast stations AM 93, FM 191, shortwave 7 (2005) AM 3, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999)
Radios - 1.4 million (1997)
Railways total: 2,073 km


standard gauge: 2,073 km 1.435-m gauge


note: 461 km have been taken out of service and 460 km are in partial use (2005)
0 km
Religions Roman Catholic 66% (less than half of the adult population attends church regularly), Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, nonprofessing or other 31% Ibadhi Muslim 75%, Sunni Muslim, Shi'a Muslim, Hindu
Sex ratio at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.55 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.12 male(s)/female

total population:
1.3 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and compulsory in Oman's most recent elections in 2000, limited to approximately 175,000 Omanis chosen by the government to vote in elections for the Majlis ash-Shura
Telephone system general assessment: fully digitalized


domestic: most modern facilities concentrated in Montevideo; new nationwide microwave radio relay network


international: country code - 598; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2002)
general assessment:
modern system consisting of open wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; limited coaxial cable

domestic:
open wire, microwave, radiotelephone communications, and a domestic satellite system with 8 earth stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat
Telephones - main lines in use 1 million (2004) 201,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 600,000 (2004) 59,822 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 62 (2005) 13 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1999)
Terrain mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south
Total fertility rate 1.89 children born/woman (2006 est.) 6.04 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 12.2% (2005 est.) NA%
Waterways 1,600 km (2005) none
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