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Compare Svalbard (2008) - Jersey (2004)
Compare Svalbard (2008) z Jersey (2004)
| Svalbard (2008) | Jersey (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | none (British crown dependency) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
0-14 years: 17.7% (male 8,268; female 7,716)
15-64 years: 67.1% (male 30,237; female 30,490) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 6,016; female 7,775) (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products |
| Airports | 4 (2007) | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 3
under 914 m: 3 (2007) |
- |
| Area | total: 61,020 sq km
land: 61,020 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island) |
total: 116 sq km
land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than West Virginia | about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory. | The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. |
| Birth rate | NA | 10.04 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $25.07 million
expenditures: $NA (2004 est.) |
revenues: $601 million
expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million (2000 est.) |
| Capital | name: Longyearbyen
geographic coordinates: 78 13 N, 15 33 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October |
Saint Helier |
| Climate | arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year | temperate; mild winters and cool summers |
| Coastline | 3,587 km | 70 km |
| Constitution | - | unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen) |
conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey
conventional short form: Jersey |
| Currency | - | British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound |
| Death rate | NA | 9.17 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | none |
| Dependency status | territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway | British crown dependency |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | none (British crown dependency) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | none (British crown dependency) |
| Disputes - international | despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $8.2 million from Norway (1998) | none |
| Economy - overview | Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gave the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox. | The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996 the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism, another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. |
| Electricity - imports | - | NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 143 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
| Ethnic groups | Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998) | UK and Norman-French descent |
| Exchange rates | Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 5.8396 (2007), 6.4117 (2006), 6.4425 (2005), 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003) | Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound |
| Executive branch | chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991)
head of government: Governor Per SEFLAND (since 1 October 2005); Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995) cabinet: committees appointed by the Assembly of the States elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch |
| Exports | $197.6 million (2004) | NA |
| Exports - commodities | - | light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles |
| Exports - partners | - | UK |
| Fiscal year | - | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | the flag of Norway is used | white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield with the three lions of England in yellow |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture: 5%
industry: 2% services: 93% (1996) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 78 00 N, 20 00 E | 49 15 N, 2 10 W |
| Geography - note | northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area; Spitsbergen Island is the site of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a seed repository established by the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Norwegian Government | largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier |
| Heliports | 1 (2007) | - |
| Highways | - | total: 577 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $NA | NA |
| Imports - commodities | - | machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals |
| Imports - partners | - | UK |
| Independence | none (territory of Norway) | none (British crown dependency) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA |
| Industries | - | tourism, banking and finance, dairy |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total: 5.33 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.7 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 4.7% (1998) |
| International organization participation | none | - |
| Irrigated land | NA | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | - | Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff) |
| Labor force | NA | 57,050 (1996) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (no trees; the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2005) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
| Languages | Norwegian, Russian | English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts |
| Legal system | the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply | English law and local statute; justice is administered by the Royal Court |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators (elected for 6-year terms), 12 constables or heads of parishes (elected for 3-year terms), 29 deputies (elected for 3-year terms); the bailiff and the deputy bailiff; and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch)
elections: last held NA (next to be held NA) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 52 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total population: 79.09 years
male: 76.63 years female: 81.74 years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway | Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France |
| Map references | Arctic Region | Europe |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 4 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia |
territorial sea: 3 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm |
| Military - note | demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920 | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| National holiday | - | Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) |
| Nationality | - | noun: Channel Islander(s)
adjective: Channel Islander |
| Natural hazards | ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic | NA |
| Natural resources | coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish | arable land |
| Net migration rate | NA | 2.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | - | none; all independents |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | none |
| Population | 2,214 (July 2007 est.) | 90,502 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA |
| Population growth rate | -0.007% (2007 est.) | 0.36% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998) | AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Religions | - | Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian |
| Sex ratio | NA (2007 est.) | at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | NA years of age; universal adult |
| Telephone system | general assessment: probably adequate
domestic: local telephone service international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: 3 submarine cables |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 73,900 (2001) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 61,400 (2001) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 2 (1997) |
| Terrain | wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts | gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast |
| Total fertility rate | NA | 1.57 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | 0.7% (1998 est.) |
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