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Compare Slovakia (2001) - Botswana (2001)

Compare Slovakia (2001) z Botswana (2001)

 Slovakia (2001)Botswana (2001)
 SlovakiaBotswana
Administrative divisions 8 regions (kraje, singular - kraj); Banskobystricky, Bratislavsky, Kosicky, Nitriansky, Presovsky, Trenciansky, Trnavsky, Zilinsky 10 districts and four town councils*; Central, Chobe, Francistown*, Gaborone*, Ghanzi, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Lobatse*, Ngamiland, North-East, Selebi-Pikwe*, South-East, Southern
Age structure 0-14 years:
18.86% (male 522,563; female 498,832)

15-64 years:
69.6% (male 1,872,496; female 1,896,249)

65 years and over:
11.54% (male 236,996; female 387,801) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
40.3% (male 321,164; female 318,007)

15-64 years:
55.56% (male 423,954; female 457,227)

65 years and over:
4.14% (male 26,691; female 39,076) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, cattle, poultry; forest products sorghum, corn, millet, pulses, groundnuts (peanuts), beans, cowpeas, sunflower seed; livestock
Airports 35 (2000 est.) 92 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
18

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
8 (2000 est.)
total:
11

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
8

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
17

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
9

under 914 m:
7 (2000 est.)
total:
81

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
56

under 914 m:
22 (2000 est.)
Area total:
48,845 sq km

land:
48,800 sq km

water:
45 sq km
total:
600,370 sq km

land:
585,370 sq km

water:
15,000 sq km
Area - comparative about twice the size of New Hampshire slightly smaller than Texas
Background In 1918 the Slovaks joined the closely related Czechs to form Czechoslovakia. Following the chaos of World War II, Czechoslovakia became a communist nation within Soviet-ruled Eastern Europe. Soviet influence collapsed in 1989 and Czechoslovakia once more became free. The Slovaks and the Czechs agreed to separate peacefully on 1 January 1993. Historic, political, and geographic factors have caused Slovakia to experience more difficulty in developing a modern market economy than some of its Central European neighbors. Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. The economy, one of the most robust on the continent, is dominated by diamond mining.
Birth rate 10.05 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 28.85 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$5.2 billion

expenditures:
$5.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999)
revenues:
$1.6 billion

expenditures:
$1.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $560 million (FY96)
Capital Bratislava Gaborone
Climate temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993; changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president; amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU membership March 1965, effective 30 September 1966
Country name conventional long form:
Slovak Republic

conventional short form:
Slovakia

local long form:
Slovenska Republika

local short form:
Slovensko
conventional long form:
Republic of Botswana

conventional short form:
Botswana

former:
Bechuanaland
Currency Slovak koruna (SKK) pula (BWP)
Death rate 9.25 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 24.18 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $10.3 billion (2000 est.) $455 million (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Carl SPIELVOGEL

embassy:
Hviezdoslavovo Namestie 4, 81102 Bratislava

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
[421] (7) 5443-3338

FAX:
[421] (7) 5443-0096
chief of mission:
Ambassador John E. LANGE

embassy:
address NA, Gaborone

mailing address:
P. O. Box 90, Gaborone

telephone:
[267] 353982

FAX:
[267] 356947
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Martin BUTORA

chancery:
Suite 250, 2201 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007; note - new chancery opening in June 2001 at International Court NW, Washington, DC

telephone:
[1] (202) 965-5161

FAX:
[1] (202) 965-5166
chief of mission:
Ambassador Kgosi SEEPAPITSO IV

chancery:
1531-1533 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 244-4990

FAX:
[1] (202) 244-4164
Disputes - international Gabcikovo/Nagymaros Dam dispute with Hungary is before the ICJ none
Economic aid - recipient $421.9 million (1995) $73 million (1995)
Economy - overview Slovakia continues the difficult transition from a centrally planned economy to a modern market economy. The economic slowdown in 1999 stemmed from large budget and current account deficits, fast-growing external debt, and persistent corruption. Even though GDP growth reached only 2.2% in 2000, the year was marked by positive developments such as foreign direct investment of $1.5 billion, strong export performance, restructuring and privatization in the banking sector, entry into the OECD, and initial efforts to stem corruption. Strong challenges face the government in 2001, especially the maintenance of fiscal balance, the further privatization of the economy, and the reduction of unemployment. Botswana has maintained one of the world's highest growth rates since independence in 1966. Through fiscal discipline and sound management, Botswana has transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country with a per capita GDP of $6,600 in 2000. Diamond mining has fueled much of Botswana's economic expansion and currently accounts for more than one-third of GDP and for three-fourths of export earnings. Tourism, subsistence farming, and cattle raising are other key sectors. The government must deal with high rates of unemployment and poverty. Unemployment officially is 19%, but unofficial estimates place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS infection rates are the highest in the world and threaten Botswana's impressive economic gains.
Electricity - consumption 21.471 billion kWh (1999) 1.517 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 930 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 1.4 billion kWh (1999) 950 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 22.582 billion kWh (1999) 610 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
37.56%

hydro:
18.27%

nuclear:
44.17%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Bodrok River 94 m

highest point:
Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m
lowest point:
junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m

highest point:
Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m
Environment - current issues air pollution from metallurgical plants presents human health risks; acid rain damaging forests overgrazing; desertification; limited fresh water resources
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Slovak 85.7%, Hungarian 10.6%, Roma 1.6% (the 1992 census figures underreport the Gypsy/Romany community, which is about 500,000), Czech, Moravian, Silesian 1.1%, Ruthenian and Ukrainian 0.6%, German 0.1%, Polish 0.1%, other 0.2% (1996) Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7%
Exchange rates koruny per US dollar - 48.09 (March 2001), 46.395 (2000), 41.363 (1999), 35.233 (1998), 33.616 (1997), 30.654 (1996) pulas per US dollar - 5.4585 (January 2001), 5.1018 (2000), 4.6244 (1999), 4.2259 (1998), 3.6508 (1997), 3.3242 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Rudolf SCHUSTER (since 15 June 1999)

head of government:
Prime Minister Mikulas DZURINDA (since 30 October 1998)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
president elected by direct popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 29 May 1999 (next to be held NA May/June 2004); following National Council elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president

election results:
Rudolf SCHUSTER elected president in the first direct, popular election; percent of vote - Rudolf SCHUSTER 57%

note:
government coalition - SDK, SDL, SMK, SOP, KDH
chief of state:
President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004); vice president appointed by the president

election results:
Festus MOGAE elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 54.3%
Exports $12 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $2.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities machinery and transport equipment 39.4%, intermediate manufactured goods 27.5%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 13%, chemicals 8% (1999) diamonds 72%, vehicles, copper, nickel, meat (1998)
Exports - partners EU 59.7% (Germany 27.8%, Austria 8%, Italy 8.9%), Czech Republic 18.1% (1999) EU 77%, Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 18%, Zimbabwe 3% (1998)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red superimposed with the Slovak cross in a shield centered on the hoist side; the cross is white centered on a background of red and blue light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center
GDP purchasing power parity - $55.3 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $10.4 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
4.5%

industry:
29.3%

services:
66.2% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
4%

industry:
46% (including 36% mining)

services:
50% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $10,200 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $6,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2.2% (2000 est.) 6% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 48 40 N, 19 30 E 22 00 S, 24 00 E
Geography - note landlocked landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country
Highways total:
17,710 km

paved:
17,533 km (including 288 km of expressways)

unpaved:
177 km (1998 est.)
total:
18,482 km

paved:
4,343 km

unpaved:
14,139 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
5.1%

highest 10%:
18.2% (1992)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe -
Imports $12.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $2.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment 37.7%, intermediate manufactured goods 18%, fuels 13%, chemicals 11%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 9.5% (1999) foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, petroleum products
Imports - partners EU 51.4% (Germany 26%, Italy 7.1%), Czech Republic 16.6%, Russia 11.9% (1999) Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 76%, Europe 10%, South Korea 5% (1998)
Independence 1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia) 30 September 1966 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 9.3% (2000 est.) 6.2% (2000 est.)
Industries metal and metal products; food and beverages; electricity, gas, coke, oil, nuclear fuel; chemicals and manmade fibers; machinery; paper and printing; earthenware and ceramics; transport vehicles; textiles; electrical and optical apparatus; rubber products diamonds, copper, nickel, coal, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing
Infant mortality rate 8.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 63.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 12.2% (2000 est.) 8.6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 6 (2000) 3 (2000)
Irrigated land 800 sq km (1993 est.) 20 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Council); Constitutional Court (judges appointed by president from group of nominees approved by the National Council) High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in each district)
Labor force 3 million (1999) 235,000 formal sector employees (1995)
Labor force - by occupation industry 29.3%, agriculture 8.9%, construction 8%, transport and communication 8.2%, services 45.6% (1994) 100,000 public sector; 135,000 private sector, including 14,300 who are employed in various mines in South Africa; most others engaged in cattle raising and subsistence agriculture (1995 est.)
Land boundaries total:
1,355 km

border countries:
Austria 91 km, Czech Republic 215 km, Hungary 515 km, Poland 444 km, Ukraine 90 km
total:
4,013 km

border countries:
Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813 km
Land use arable land:
31%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
17%

forests and woodland:
41%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land:
1%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
46%

forests and woodland:
47%

other:
6% (1993 est.)
Languages Slovak (official), Hungarian English (official), Setswana
Legal system civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to comply with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic or Narodna Rada Slovenskej Republiky (150 seats; members are elected on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 25-26 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - HZDS 27%, SDK 26.3%, SDL 14.7%, SMK 9.1%, SNS 9.1%, SOP 8%; seats by party - governing coalition 93 (SDK 42, SDL 23, SMK 15, SOP 13), opposition 57 (HZDS 43, SNS 14)
bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Chiefs (a largely advisory 15-member body consisting of the chiefs of the eight principal tribes, four elected subchiefs, and three members selected by the other 12) and the National Assembly (44 seats, 40 members are directly elected by popular vote and 4 appointed by the majority party; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
National Assembly elections last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - BDP 57.2%, BNF 26%, other 16.8%; seats by party - BDP 33, BNF 6, other 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.97 years

male:
69.95 years

female:
78.2 years (2001 est.)
total population:
37.13 years

male:
36.77 years

female:
37.51 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
69.8%

male:
80.5%

female:
59.9% (1995 est.)
Location Central Europe, south of Poland Southern Africa, north of South Africa
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims none (landlocked) none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,041 GRT/19,517 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 3 (2000 est.)
-
Military branches Ground Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces, Territorial Defense Forces, Civil Defense Force Botswana Defense Force (includes Army and Air Wing), Botswana National Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure $380 million (FY00) $61 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.71% (FY00) 1.2% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,487,093 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
380,152 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,136,811 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
199,995 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
45,502 (2001 est.)
males:
19,479 (2001 est.)
National holiday Constitution Day, 1 September (1992) Independence Day, 30 September (1966)
Nationality noun:
Slovak(s)

adjective:
Slovak
noun:
Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)

adjective:
Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)
Natural hazards NA periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility
Natural resources brown coal and lignite; small amounts of iron ore, copper and manganese ore; salt; arable land diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver
Net migration rate 0.53 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines petroleum products NA km; natural gas 2,700 km -
Political parties and leaders Christian Democratic Movement or KDH [Pavol HRUSOVSKY]; Liberal Democratic Union or LDU [Jan BUDAJ]; Movement for a Democratic Slovakia or HZDS [Vladimir MECIAR]; Party of Civic Understanding or SOP [Pavol HAMZIK]; Party of the Democratic Left or SDL [Jozef MIGAS]; Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Bela BUGAR]; Slovak Democratic and Christian Union or SDKU [Mikulas DZURINDA]; note - this is DZURINDA's new party for 2002 elections; he remains chairman of a rump and splintering SDK; Slovak Democratic Coalition or SDK (loose parliamentary club grouping representing members of the smaller SSDS, SZS, and those committed to run under SDKU in 2002) [Mikulas DZURINDA]; Slovak National Party or SNS [Anna MALIKOVA] Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus MOGAE]; Botswana National Front or BNF [Kenneth KOMA]; Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Michael DINGAKE]; Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]

note:
main parties are: BDP, BNF, BCP; other minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form the Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim SETSHWAELO, chairman] but did not capture any parliamentary seats; the BAM parties are: the United Action Party [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO], the Botswana Peoples Party, the Independence Freedom Party [Motsamai MPHO], and the Botswana Progressive Union [D. K. KWELE]
Political pressure groups and leaders Association of Employers of Slovakia; Association of Towns and Villages or ZMOS; Confederation of Trade Unions or KOZ; Metal Workers Unions or KOVO and METALURG NA
Population 5,414,937 (July 2001 est.) 1,586,119

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 47% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 0.13% (2001 est.) 0.47% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bratislava, Komarno none
Radio broadcast stations AM 15, FM 78, shortwave 2 (1998) AM 7, FM 15, shortwave 5 (1998)
Radios 3.12 million (1997) 237,000 (1997)
Railways total:
3,660 km

broad gauge:
102 km 1.520-m gauge

standard gauge:
3,507 km 1.435-m gauge (1,505 km electrified; 1,011 km double track)

narrow gauge:
51 km (46 km 1,000-m gauge; 5 km 0.750-m gauge) (1998)
total:
888 km

narrow gauge:
888 km 1.067-m gauge (2000)
Religions Roman Catholic 60.3%, atheist 9.7%, Protestant 8.4%, Orthodox 4.1%, other 17.5% indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 50%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.61 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
a modernization and privatization program is increasing accessibility to telephone service, reducing the waiting time for new subscribers, and generally improving service quality

domestic:
predominantly an analog system that is now receiving digital equipment and is being enlarged with fiber-optic cable, especially in the larger cities; mobile cellular capability has been added

international:
three international exchanges (one in Bratislava and two in Banska Bystrica) are available; Slovakia is participating in several international telecommunications projects that will increase the availability of external services
general assessment:
sparse system

domestic:
small system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and a few radiotelephone communication stations

international:
two international exchanges; digital microwave radio relay links to Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 1,934,558 (1998) 86,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 736,662 (April 1999) NA
Television broadcast stations 38 (plus 864 repeaters) (1995) 0 (1997)
Terrain rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest
Total fertility rate 1.25 children born/woman (2001 est.) 3.7 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 17% (2000 est.) 40% (2000 est.)
Waterways 172 km (all on the Danube) none
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