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Compare Senegal (2001) - Brunei (2006)

Compare Senegal (2001) z Brunei (2006)

 Senegal (2001)Brunei (2006)
 SenegalBrunei
Administrative divisions 10 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong
Age structure 0-14 years:
44.07% (male 2,279,996; female 2,252,255)

15-64 years:
52.88% (male 2,603,829; female 2,834,328)

65 years and over:
3.05% (male 155,877; female 158,644) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 28.1% (male 54,411/female 52,134)


15-64 years: 68.8% (male 138,129/female 123,017)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 5,584/female 6,169) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish rice, vegetables, fruits; chickens, water buffalo, eggs
Airports 20 (2000 est.) 2 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total:
10

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
7

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
5

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)
Area total:
196,190 sq km

land:
192,000 sq km

water:
4,190 sq km
total: 5,770 sq km


land: 5,270 sq km


water: 500 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Dakota slightly smaller than Delaware
Background Independent from France in 1960, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group sporadically has clashed with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping. The Sultanate of Brunei's influence peaked between the 15th and 17th centuries when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in the developing world.
Birth rate 37.46 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 18.79 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues:
$885 million

expenditures:
$885 million, including capital expenditures of $125 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $3.765 billion


expenditures: $4.815 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2004 est.)
Capital Dakar name: Bandar Seri Begawan


geographic coordinates: 4 52 S, 114 55 E


time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind tropical; hot, humid, rainy
Coastline 531 km 161 km
Constitution 3 March 1963, revised 1991 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984)
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Senegal

conventional short form:
Senegal

local long form:
Republique du Senegal

local short form:
Senegal
conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam


conventional short form: Brunei


local long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam


local short form: Brunei
Currency Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States -
Death rate 8.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 3.45 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $4.1 billion (1998 est.) $0 $NA
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Harriet L. ELAM-THOMAS

embassy:
Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar

mailing address:
B. P. 49, Dakar

telephone:
[221] 823-4296, 823-7384

FAX:
[221] 822-2991
chief of mission: Ambassador Emil SKODON


embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan, BS8811


mailing address: PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96507; P.O. Box 2991, Bandar Seri Begawan BS8675, Negara Brunei Darussalam


telephone: [673] 222-0384


FAX: [673] 222-5293
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Mamadou Mansour SECK

chancery:
2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 234-0540
chief of mission: Ambassador Pengiran Anak Dato PUTEH


chancery: 3520 International Court NW #300, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 237-1838


FAX: [1] (202) 885-0560
Disputes - international none in 2003 Brunei and Malaysia ceased gas and oil exploration in their disputed offshore and deepwater seabeds and negotiations have stalemated prompting consideration of international legal adjudication; Malaysia's land boundary with Brunei around Limbang is in dispute; Brunei established an exclusive economic fishing zone encompassing Louisa Reef in southern Spratly Islands in 1984 but makes no public territorial claim to the offshore reefs; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions in the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants
Economic aid - recipient $647.5 million (1995) $770,000 (2004)
Economy - overview In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which is linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging 5% annually in 1995-99. Annual inflation has been pushed down to 2%, and the fiscal deficit has been cut to less than 1.5% of GDP. Investment rose steadily from 13.8% of GDP in 1993 to 16.5% in 1997. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff. Senegal also realized full Internet connectivity in 1996, creating a miniboom in information technology-based services. Private activity now accounts for 82% of GDP. On the negative side, Senegal faces deep-seated urban problems of chronic unemployment, juvenile delinquency, and drug addiction. Real GDP growth is expected to rise above 6%, while inflation is likely to hold at 2% in 2001-02. This small, well-to-do economy encompasses a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for nearly half of GDP and more than 90% of government revenues. Per capita GDP is far above most other Third World countries, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and free education through the university level and subsidizes rice and housing. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion, although it became a more prominent player by serving as chairman for the 2000 APEC (Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation) forum. Plans for the future include upgrading the labor force, reducing unemployment, strengthening the banking and tourist sectors, and, in general, further widening the economic base beyond oil and gas.
Electricity - consumption 1.181 billion kWh (1999) 2.726 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2004)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2004)
Electricity - production 1.27 billion kWh (1999) 2.906 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m
Environment - current issues wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Marine Dumping
party to: Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4% Malay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12%
Exchange rates Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1966); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro Bruneian dollars per US dollar - 1.6644 (2005), 1.6902 (2004), 1.7422 (2003), 1.7906 (2002), 1.7917 (2001)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000)

head of government:
Prime Minister Madior BOYE (since 3 March 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 27 February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held 27 February 2007); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Abdoulaye WADE elected president; percent of vote in the second round of voting - Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.51%
chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by the monarch; deals with executive matters; note - there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters, and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch) that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary
Exports $959 million (f.o.b., 2000) 192,700 bbl/day (2005)
Exports - commodities fish, ground nuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton crude oil, natural gas, refined products
Exports - partners France 17%, India 17%, Italy 12%, Spain 6%, Mali 6%, Cote d'Ivoire 4% (1999) Japan 36.8%, Indonesia 19.3%, South Korea 12.7%, US 9.5%, Australia 9.3% (2005)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands
GDP purchasing power parity - $16 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
19%

industry:
20%

services:
61% (1997 est.)
agriculture: 3.6%


industry: 56.1%


services: 40.3% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5.7% (2000 est.) 1.7% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 14 00 N, 14 00 W 4 30 N, 114 40 E
Geography - note The Gambia is almost an enclave of Senegal close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave within Malaysia
Heliports - 3 (2006)
Highways total:
14,576 km

paved:
4,271 km

unpaved:
10,305 km (1996)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
1.4%

highest 10%:
42.8% (1991)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis drug trafficking and illegally importing controlled substances are serious offenses in Brunei and carry a mandatory death penalty
Imports $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000) NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities foods and beverages, consumer goods, capital goods, petroleum products machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals
Imports - partners France 30%, Nigeria 7%, Italy 6%, Thailand 5%, Germany 4%, US 4% (1999) Singapore 32.7%, Malaysia 23.3%, Japan 6.9%, UK 5.3%, Thailand 4.5%, South Korea 4.1% (2005)
Independence 4 April 1960 (from France); complete independence was achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960 1 January 1984 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 7% (1998 est.) 7.3% (2003 est.)
Industries agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction
Infant mortality rate 56.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 12.25 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 15.46 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 8.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.5% (2000 est.) 0.9% (2004)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MINURSO, MIPONUH, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNTAET, UPU, WADB, WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO APEC, APT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, C, EAS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 710 sq km (1993 est.) 10 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note-the judicial system was reformed in 1992 Supreme Court - chief justice and judges are sworn in by monarch for three-year terms; Judicial Committee of Privy Council in London is final court of appeal for civil cases; Shariah courts deal with Islamic laws (2006)
Labor force NA 146,300


note: includes foreign workers and military personnel; temporary residents make up about 40% of labor force (2003 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 60% agriculture: 2.9%


industry: 61.1%


services: 36% (2003 est.)
Land boundaries total:
2,640 km

border countries:
The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
total: 381 km


border countries: Malaysia 381 km
Land use arable land:
12%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
16%

forests and woodland:
54%

other:
18% (1993 est.)
arable land: 2.08%


permanent crops: 0.87%


other: 97.05% (2005)
Languages French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka Malay (official), English, Chinese
Legal system based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic Shari'a law supersedes civil law in a number of areas
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (120 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)

note:
the former National Assembly, dissolved in the spring of 2001, had 140 seats

elections:
last held 29 April 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SOPI Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other 10
Legislative Council met on 25 September 2004 for first time in 20 years with 21 members appointed by the Sultan; passed constitutional amendments calling for a 45-seat council with 15 elected members; Sultan dissolved council on 1 September 2005 and appointed a new council with 29 members as of 2 September 2005


elections: last held in March 1962 (date of next election NA)
Life expectancy at birth total population:
62.56 years

male:
60.94 years

female:
64.22 years (2001 est.)
total population: 75.01 years


male: 72.57 years


female: 77.59 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
33.1%

male:
43%

female:
23.2% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.9%


male: 96.3%


female: 91.4% (2002)
Location Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or to median line
Merchant marine - total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 465,937 GRT/413,393 DWT


by type: liquefied gas 8


foreign-owned: 8 (UK 8) (2006)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete Nationale) Royal Brunei Armed Forces: Royal Brunei Land Forces, Royal Brunei Navy, Royal Brunei Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Brunei) (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $68 million (FY97) $290.7 million (2003 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.4% (FY97) 5.1% (2003 est.)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
2,311,063 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,207,360 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
114,189 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 4 April (1960) National Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection
Nationality noun:
Senegalese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Senegalese
noun: Bruneian(s)


adjective: Bruneian
Natural hazards lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
Natural resources fish, phosphates, iron ore petroleum, natural gas, timber
Net migration rate 0.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 3.31 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines - gas 672 km; oil 463 km (2006)
Political parties and leaders African Party for Democracy and Socialism or And Jef (also known as PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madier DIOUF]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Senegalese Democratic Party-Renewal or PDS-R [Serigne Lamine DIOP, secretary general]; Senegalese Democratic Union-Renewal or UDS-R [Mamadou Puritain FALL]; Socialist Party or PS [President Abdou DIOUF]; SOPI Coalition (a 40-party coalition led by the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE]; Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]; other small parties Brunei Solidarity National Party (PPKB) [Haji Mohd HATTA bin Haji Zainal Abidin]; National Development Party (NDP) [YASSIN Affendi]; People's Awareness Party (PAKAR) [Awang Haji MAIDIN bin Haji Ahmad]


note: parties are small and have limited activity (2005)
Political pressure groups and leaders labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers NA
Population 10,284,929 (July 2001 est.) 379,444 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.93% (2001 est.) 1.87% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor -
Radio broadcast stations AM 10, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 2 (transmitting on 18 different frequencies), shortwave 0


note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) station transmits two FM signals with English and Nepali service (2006)
Radios 1.24 million (1997) -
Railways total:
906 km

narrow gauge:
906 km 1.000-meter gauge (70 km double track)
-
Religions Muslim 92%, indigenous beliefs 6%, Christian 2% (mostly Roman Catholic) Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and other 10%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.92 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.98 male(s)/female

total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal none
Telephone system general assessment:
good system

domestic:
above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system

international:
4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: service throughout the country is excellent; international service is good to East Asia, Europe, and the US


domestic: every service available


international: country code - 673; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean); digital submarine cable links to Malaysia, the Philippines, and Singapore (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use 116,000 (1997) 90,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,149 (1996) 205,900 (2004)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 4; note - including two UHF stations broadcasting a subscription service (2006)
Terrain generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west
Total fertility rate 5.12 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.28 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate NA%; urban youth 40% 4.8% (2004)
Waterways 897 km

note:
785 km on the Senegal river, and 112 km on the Saloum river
209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m) (2005)
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