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Compare Nigeria (2001) - Seychelles (2005)

Compare Nigeria (2001) z Seychelles (2005)

 Nigeria (2001)Seychelles (2005)
 NigeriaSeychelles
Administrative divisions 36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara 23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka
Age structure 0-14 years:
43.71% (male 27,842,225; female 27,514,197)

15-64 years:
53.47% (male 34,456,738; female 33,259,194)

65 years and over:
2.82% (male 1,780,862; female 1,782,410) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 26.4% (male 10,839/female 10,601)


15-64 years: 67.4% (male 26,709/female 28,025)


65 years and over: 6.2% (male 1,622/female 3,392) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish
Airports 70 (2000 est.) 15 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
36

over 3,047 m:
7

2,438 to 3,047 m:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
7

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 8


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
34

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
14

under 914 m:
18 (2000 est.)
total: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)
Area total:
923,768 sq km

land:
910,768 sq km

water:
13,000 sq km
total: 455 sq km


land: 455 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of California 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999 and a peaceful transition to civilian government completed. The new president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability. A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993. The most recent presidential elections were held in 2001; President RENE, who had served since 1977, was re-elected. In April 2004 RENE stepped down and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president.
Birth rate 39.69 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 16.22 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$3.4 billion

expenditures:
$3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $318.3 million


expenditures: $298.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital Abuja; note - on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially transferred from Lagos to Abuja; most federal government offices have now made the move to Abuja Victoria
Climate varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)
Coastline 853 km 491 km
Constitution NA 1999 new constitution adopted 18 June 1993
Country name conventional long form:
Federal Republic of Nigeria

conventional short form:
Nigeria
conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles


conventional short form: Seychelles
Currency naira (NGN) -
Death rate 13.91 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.34 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $32 billion (2000 est.) $218.1 million (2004 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Howard Franklin JETER

embassy:
8 Mambilla Drive, Abuja

mailing address:
P. O. Box 554, Lagos

telephone:
[234] (1) 261-0050, -0078

FAX:
[234] (1) 261-0257
the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to the Seychelles
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Jibril AMINU

chancery:
1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 986-8400

FAX:
[1] (202) 775-1385

consulate(s) general:
Atlanta and New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL


chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785


FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786
Disputes - international delimitation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, has been completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries around the Bakasi Peninsula is currently before the ICJ; tripartite maritime boundary and economic zone dispute with Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon is currently before the ICJ together with Mauritius, Seychelles claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)
Economic aid - recipient ODA $250 million (1998) $16.4 million (1995)
Economy - overview The oil-rich Nigerian economy, long hobbled by political instability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic management, is undergoing substantial economic reform under the new civilian administration. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 65% of budgetary revenues. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion loan from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. Increases in foreign investment and oil production combined with high world oil prices should push growth over 4% in 2001-02. Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. A sharp drop illustrated the vulnerability of the tourist sector in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war, and once again following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. Growth slowed in 1998-2002, and fell in 2003, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors, but resumed in 2004, erasing a persistent budget deficit. Tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have impaired short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles rupee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector may remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar.
Electricity - consumption 17.372 billion kWh (1999) 202.8 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 19 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 18.7 billion kWh (1999) 218 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
52.94%

hydro:
47.06%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m
Environment - current issues soil degradation; rapid deforestation; desertification water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Nigeria, which is Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5% mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab
Exchange rates nairas per US dollar - 110.005 (January 2001), 101.697 (2000), 92.338 (1999), 21.886 (1998), 21.886 (1997), 21.884 (1996) Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 5.5 (2004), 5.4007 (2003), 5.48 (2002), 5.8575 (2001), 5.7138 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Federal Executive Council

elections:
president is elected by popular vote for no more than two four-year terms; election last held 27 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
Olusegun OBASANJO elected president; percent of vote - Olusegun OBASANJO (PDP) 62.8%, Olu FALAE (APP-AD) 37.2%
chief of state: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 31 August-2 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: France Albert RENE re-elected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 54.19%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 44.95%, Philippe BOULLE 0.86%; note - the first time that presidential elections have been held separately from legislative elections; France Albert RENE stepped down 14 April 2004 and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president
Exports $22.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Exports - commodities petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber canned tuna, frozen fish, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports)
Exports - partners US 36%, India 9%, Spain 8%, Brazil 6%, France 6%, (1999) UK 27.7%, France 15.8%, Spain 12.6%, Japan 8.6%, Italy 7.5%, Germany 5.6% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $117 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
40%

industry:
40%

services:
20% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 2.8%


industry: 28.7%


services: 68.9% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $950 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $7,800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.5% (2000 est.) 1.5% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 10 00 N, 8 00 E 4 35 S, 55 40 E
Geography - note - 41 granitic and about 75 coralline islands
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
194,394 km

paved:
60,068 km (including 1,194 km of expressways)

unpaved:
134,326 km

note:
many of the roads reported as paved may be graveled; because of poor maintenance and years of heavy freight traffic - in part the result of the failure of the railroad system - much of the road system is barely usable (1997)
total: 373 km


paved: 315 km


unpaved: 58 km (1997 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
1.6%

highest 10%:
40.8% (1996-97)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs facilitates movement of heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets -
Imports $10.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Imports - commodities machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners UK 11%, Germany 10%, US 9%, France 8%, China 6% (1999) Saudi Arabia 15.5%, Spain 13.3%, France 10.3%, Singapore 7%, South Africa 6.8%, Italy 6.7%, UK 4.7% (2004)
Independence 1 October 1960 (from UK) 29 June 1976 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 1.5% (2000 est.) NA
Industries crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages
Infant mortality rate 73.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 15.53 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 19.65 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 11.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6.5% (2000 est.) 5% (2004 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 11 (2000) -
Irrigated land 9,570 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges appointed by the Provisional Ruling Council); Federal Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government on the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee) Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president
Labor force 66 million (1999 est.) 30,900 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20% (1999 est.) agriculture 10%, industry 19%, services 71% (1989)
Land boundaries total:
4,047 km

border countries:
Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
33%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
44%

forests and woodland:
12%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 13.33%


other: 84.45% (2001)
Languages English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani Creole 91.8%, English 4.9% (official), other 3.1%, unspecified 0.2% (2002 census)
Legal system based on English common law, Islamic Shariah law (only in some northern states), and traditional law based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law
Legislative branch bicameral National Assembly consists of Senate (109 seats, three from each state and one from the Federal Capital Territory; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (360 seats, members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003); House of Representatives - last held 20-24 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 23%, AD 19%; seats by party - PDP 67, APP 23, AD 19; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDP 58%, APP 30%, AD 12%; seats by party - PDP 221, APP 70, AD 69
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 4-6 December 2002 (next to be held by 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 54.3%, SNP 42.6%, DP 3.1%; seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11


note: the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the percentage that each party won of the total vote
Life expectancy at birth total population:
51.07 years

male:
51.07 years

female:
51.07 years (2001 est.)
total population: 71.82 years


male: 66.41 years


female: 77.4 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
57.1%

male:
67.3%

female:
47.3% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91.9%


male: 91.4%


female: 92.3% (2003 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon archipelago in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine total:
41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 357,372 GRT/636,254 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 1, cargo 10, chemical tanker 4, petroleum tanker 24, roll on/roll off 1, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 42,223 GRT/63,538 DWT


by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 1


foreign-owned: 1 (Nigeria 1) (2005)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force Seychelles Defense Force: Army, Coast Guard (includes Navy Wing, Air Wing), National Guard (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $360 million (FY00) $12.3 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 10% (FY00) 1.8% (2004)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
29,940,922 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
17,201,367 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
1,375,112 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 1 October (1960) Constitution Day (National Day), 18 June (1993)
Nationality noun:
Nigerian(s)

adjective:
Nigerian
noun: Seychellois (singular and plural)


adjective: Seychellois
Natural hazards periodic droughts lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible
Natural resources natural gas, petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, arable land fish, copra, cinnamon trees
Net migration rate 0.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -5.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 2,042 km; petroleum products 3,000 km; natural gas 500 km -
Political parties and leaders All People's Party or APP [Alhaji Yusuf ALI]; Alliance for Democracy or AD [contested between Yusuf MAMMAN and Alhasi Adamu ABDULKADIR]; People's Democratic Party or PDP [Barnabas GEMADE] Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM, Daniel BELLE]; Mouvement Seychellois pour la Democratie [Jacques HODOUL]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE, James MICHEL] - the governing party
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Roman Catholic Church; trade unions
Population 126,635,626

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
81,188 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 45% (2000 est.) NA
Population growth rate 2.61% (2001 est.) 0.43% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri Victoria
Radio broadcast stations AM 82, FM 35, shortwave 11 (1998) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios 23.5 million (1997) -
Railways total:
3,557 km

narrow gauge:
3,505 km 1.067-m gauge

standard gauge:
52 km 1.435-m gauge

note:
years of neglect of both the rolling stock and the right-of-way have seriously reduced the capacity and utility of the system; a project to restore Nigeria's railways is now underway
-
Religions Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10% Roman Catholic 82.3%, Anglican 6.4%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.1%, other Christian 3.4%, Hindu 2.1%, Muslim 1.1%, other non-Christian 1.5%, unspecified 1.5%, none 0.6% (2002 census)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1 male(s)/female

total population:
1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 17 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
an inadequate system, further limited by poor maintenance; major expansion is required and a start has been made

domestic:
intercity traffic is carried by coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, a domestic communications satellite system with 19 earth stations, and a coastal submarine cable; mobile cellular facilities and the Internet are available

international:
satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); coaxial submarine cable SAFE (South African Far East)
general assessment: effective system


domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago


international: country code - 248; direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 500,000 (2000) 21,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 26,700 (1997) 54,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 2 government-controlled; note - in addition, in 1993, 14 licenses to operate private television stations were granted (1999) 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs
Total fertility rate 5.57 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.75 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 28% (1992 est.) NA
Waterways 8,575 km

note:
consisting of the Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks
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