Compare Nauru (2008) - Kiribati (2007)

Compare Nauru (2008) z Kiribati (2007)

	Nauru (2008)	Kiribati (2007)

Administrative divisions	14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren	3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 36.4% (male 2,508/female 2,410) 15-64 years: 61.6% (male 4,111/female 4,224) 65 years and over: 2% (male 144/female 131) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 38.2% (male 20,886/female 20,322) 15-64 years: 58.4% (male 31,083/female 31,884) 65 years and over: 3.4% (male 1,554/female 2,088) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	coconuts	copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish
Airports	1 (2007)	19 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 15 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 4 (2007)
Area	total: 21 sq km land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 811 sq km land: 811 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands
Area - comparative	about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC	four times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The exact origins of the Nauruans are unclear, since their language does not resemble any other in the Pacific. The island was annexed by Germany in 1888 and its phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium. Nauru was occupied by Australian forces in World War I and subsequently became a League of Nations mandate. After the Second World War - and a brutal occupation by Japan - Nauru became a UN trust territory. It achieved its independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999 as the world's smallest independent republic.	The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati.
Birth rate	24.47 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	30.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $13.5 million expenditures: $13.5 million (2005)	revenues: $55.52 million expenditures: $59.71 million (FY05)
Capital	no official capital; government offices in Yaren District time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	name: Tarawa geographic coordinates: 1 19 N, 172 58 E time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical with a monsoonal pattern; rainy season (November to February)	tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	30 km	1,143 km
Constitution	29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day)	12 July 1979
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Nauru conventional short form: Nauru local long form: Republic of Nauru local short form: Nauru former: Pleasant Island	conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati conventional short form: Kiribati local long form: Republic of Kiribati local short form: Kiribati note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss former: Gilbert Islands
Death rate	6.65 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	8.12 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$33.3 million (2002)	$10 million (1999 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru	the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Vinci Niel CLODUMAR chancery: 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 937-0074 FAX: [1] (212) 937-0079 consulate(s): Agana (Guam)	Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$20 million mostly from Australia (2005)	$27.84 million largely from UK and Japan (2005)
Economy - overview	Revenues of this tiny island have traditionally come from exports of phosphates, now significantly depleted. An Australian company in 2005 entered into an agreement intended to exploit remaining supplies. Few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, mainly from Australia, its former occupier and later major source of support. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income were invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. As a result of heavy spending from the trust funds, the government faces virtual bankruptcy. To cut costs the government has frozen wages and reduced overstaffed public service departments. In 2005, the deterioration in housing, hospitals, and other capital plant continued, and the cost to Australia of keeping the government and economy afloat continued to climb. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's GDP varying widely.	A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few natural resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. Private sector initiatives and a financial sector are in the early stages of development. Foreign financial aid from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China equals more than 10% of GDP. Remittances from seamen on merchant ships abroad account for more than $5 million each year. Kiribati receives around $15 million annually for the government budget from an Australian trust fund.
Electricity - consumption	27.9 million kWh (2005)	8.37 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	30 million kWh (2005)	9 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources	heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%	Micronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Marcus STEPHEN (since 19 December 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Marcus STEPHEN (since 19 December 2007); note - President Ludwig SCOTTY defeated in a no confidence vote in parliament on 19 December 2007 cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 19 December 2007 (next to be held in 2010) election results: NA	chief of state: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO cabinet: 12-member cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among its members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for two more terms); election last held 17 October 2007 (next to be held in 2011); vice president appointed by the president election results: Anote TONG 63.7%, Nabuti MWEMWENIKARAWA 32.9%
Exports	0 bbl/day (2004)	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	phosphates	copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish
Exports - partners	South Africa 63.7%, South Korea 7.6%, Canada 6.6% (2006)	US 22.8%, Belgium 21.5%, Japan 14.3%, Samoa 7.8%, Australia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.7%, Taiwan 5.6%, Denmark 4.6% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	NA
Flag description	blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru	the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 8.9% industry: 24.2% services: 66.8% (2004)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	0.3% (2005)
Geographic coordinates	0 32 S, 166 55 E	1 25 N, 173 00 E
Geography - note	Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator	21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	1,023 bbl/day (2004)	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery	foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel
Imports - partners	South Korea 43.8%, Australia 36.2%, US 5.9%, Germany 4.3% (2006)	Australia 33%, Fiji 27.1%, Japan 18.1%, NZ 6.9% (2006)
Independence	31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)	12 July 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	0.7% (1991 est.)
Industries	phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products	fishing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: 9.6 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.07 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 46.02 deaths/1,000 live births male: 51.03 deaths/1,000 live births female: 40.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-3.6% (1993)	0.5% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, ADB, C, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO	ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president
Labor force	-	7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	note: employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation (1992)	agriculture: 2.7% industry: 32% services: 65.3% (2000)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 2.74% permanent crops: 47.95% other: 49.31% (2005)
Languages	Nauruan (official; a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes	I-Kiribati, English (official)
Legal system	acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations	NA
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 25 August 2007 (next to be held in 2010) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 18; note - 15 of 18 incumbents reelected	unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (46 seats; 44 members elected by popular vote, 1 ex officio member - the attorney general, 1 nominated by the Rabi Council of Leaders (representing Banaba Island); to serve four-year terms) elections: legislative elections were held in two rounds - the first round on 22 August 2007 and the second round on 30 August 2007 (next to be held in 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA, other 2 (includes attorney general)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 63.44 years male: 59.85 years female: 67.21 years (2007 est.)	total population: 62.45 years male: 59.41 years female: 65.63 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands	Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the Equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (UTC +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line
Map references	Oceania	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 7 ships (1000 GRT or over) 28,435 GRT/42,682 DWT by type: bulk carrier 1, cargo 3, passenger/cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 2 foreign-owned: 3 (Malaysia 1, Singapore 1, Turkey 1) (2007)
Military - note	Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia	Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ
Military branches	no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force (2008)	no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands) (2007)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	NA
National holiday	Independence Day, 31 January (1968)	Independence Day, 12 July (1979)
Nationality	noun: Nauruan(s) adjective: Nauruan	noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural) adjective: I-Kiribati
Natural hazards	periodic droughts	typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources	phosphates, fish	phosphate (production discontinued in 1979)
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal); Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party; note - loose multiparty system	Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG] note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	13,528 (July 2007 est.)	107,817 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.781% (2007 est.)	2.235% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (may be inactive) (2002)
Religions	Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)	Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, other (includes Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, Church of God) 8% (1999)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.041 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.973 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.099 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.028 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.975 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.744 male(s)/female total population: 0.986 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	20 years of age; universal and compulsory	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities domestic: NA international: country code - 674; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: generally good quality national and international service domestic: wire line service available on Tarawa and Kiritimati (Christmas Island); connections to outer islands by HF/VHF radiotelephone; wireless service available in Tarawa since 1999 international: country code - 686; Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	1,900 (2002)	4,500 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,500 (2002)	600 (2004)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	1 (possibly inactive) (2002)
Terrain	sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center	mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Total fertility rate	3.02 children born/woman (2007 est.)	4.12 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	90% (2004 est.)	2% official rate; underemployment 70% (1992 est.)
Waterways	-	5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2007)

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