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Compare Nauru (2002) - Nigeria (2003)

Compare Nauru (2002) z Nigeria (2003)

 Nauru (2002)Nigeria (2003)
 NauruNigeria
Administrative divisions 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren 36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara
Age structure 0-14 years: 39.6% (male 2,515; female 2,366)


15-64 years: 58.7% (male 3,578; female 3,656)


65 years and over: 1.7% (male 108; female 106) (2002 est.)
0-14 years: 43.6% (male 29,322,774; female 28,990,702)


15-64 years: 53.6% (male 36,513,700; female 35,254,333)


65 years and over: 2.8% (male 1,890,043; female 1,910,151) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products coconuts cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish
Airports 1 (2001) 70 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
total: 36


over 3,047 m: 7


2,438 to 3,047 m: 10


1,524 to 2,437 m: 10


914 to 1,523 m: 6


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 34


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 13


under 914 m: 18 (2002)
Area total: 21 sq km


land: 21 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 923,768 sq km


land: 910,768 sq km


water: 13,000 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of California
Background Nauru's phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium; the island was occupied by Australian forces in World War I. Nauru achieved independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999. Nauru is the world's smallest independent republic. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability. Despite some irregularities the April 2003 elections marked the first civilian transfer of power in Nigeria's history.
Birth rate 26.6 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 38.75 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $23.4 million


expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96)
revenues: $3.4 billion


expenditures: $3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital no official capital; government offices in Yaren District Abuja; note - on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially transferred from Lagos to Abuja; most federal government offices have now made the move to Abuja
Climate tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February) varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
Coastline 30 km 853 km
Constitution 29 January 1968 new constitution adopted May 1999
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Nauru


conventional short form: Nauru


former: Pleasant Island
conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria


conventional short form: Nigeria
Currency Australian dollar (AUD) naira (NGN)
Death rate 7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 13.76 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $33.3 million $29.7 billion (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru chief of mission: Ambassador Howard Franklin JETER


embassy: 7 Mambilla Drive, Abuja


mailing address: P. O. Box 554, Lagos


telephone: [234] (9) 523-0916/0906/5857/2235/2205


FAX: [234] (9) 523-0353
Diplomatic representation in the US Nauru does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a UN office at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, New York 10017; telephone: (212) 937-0074


consulate(s): Hagatna (Guam)
chief of mission: Ambassador Jibril Muhammad AMINU


chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 986-8400


FAX: [1] (202) 775-1385


consulate(s) general: Atlanta and New York
Disputes - international none ICJ ruled in 2002 on the Cameroon-Nigeria land and maritime boundary by awarding the potentially petroleum-rich Bakassi Peninsula and offshore region to Cameroon; Nigeria rejected the cession of the peninsula but the parties formed a Joint Border Commission to peaceably resolve the dispute and commence with demarcation in other less-contested sections of the boundary; several villages along the Okpara River are in dispute with Benin; Lake Chad Commission continues to urge signatories Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria to ratify delimitation treaty over lake region, which remains the site of armed clashes among local populations and militias; Nigeria agreed to ratify the treaty and relinquish sovereignty of disputed lands to Cameroon by December 2003
Economic aid - recipient $2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.) ODA $250 million (1998)
Economy - overview Revenues of this tiny island have come from exports of phosphates, but reserves are expected to be exhausted within a few years. Phosphate production has declined since 1989, as demand has fallen in traditional markets and as the marginal cost of extracting the remaining phosphate increases, making it less internationally competitive. While phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income have been invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. The government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. To cut costs the government has called for a freeze on wages, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates. In recent years Nauru has encouraged the registration of offshore banks and corporations. Tens of billions of dollars have been channeled through their accounts. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's per capita GDP varying widely. The oil-rich Nigerian economy, long hobbled by political instability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic management, is undergoing substantial reform under the new civilian administration. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 65% of budgetary revenues. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion credit from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. The agreement was allowed to expire by the IMF in November 2001, however, and Nigeria apparently received much less multilateral assistance than expected in 2002. Nonetheless, increases in foreign oil investment and oil production kept growth at 3% in 2002. The government lacks the strength to implement the market-oriented reforms urged by the IMF, such as modernization of the banking system; to curb inflation by blocking excessive wage demands; and to resolve regional disputes over the distribution of earnings from the oil industry. When the uncertainties in the global economy are added in, estimates of Nigeria's prospects for 2003 must have a wide margin of error.
Electricity - consumption 27.9 million kWh (2000) 14.55 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) 20 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 30 million kWh (2000) 15.67 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
fossil fuel: 61.9%


hydro: 38.1%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources soil degradation; rapid deforestation; urban air and water pollution; desertification; oil pollution - water, air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of arable land; rapid urbanization
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8% Nigeria, which is Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002) 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) nairas per US dollar - NA (2002), 111.23 (2001), 101.7 (2000), 92.34 (1999), 21.89 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament


elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 8 March 2003 (next to be held NA 2004); following Rene HARRIS' resignation, Bernard DOWIYOGO was elected president


election results: Rene HARRIS elected president; percent of Parliamentary vote - NA%; replaced by Bernard DOWIYOGO 9 January 2003 following a no-confidence vote; HARRIS reinstated 17 January 2003, then gives up presidency 18 January and DOWIYOGO is elected president; DOWIYOGO dies 10 March 2003; with 9 votes over 8 for Kinza CLODUMAR, Derog GIOURA was named acting president
chief of state: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Federal Executive Council


elections: president is elected by popular vote for no more than two four-year terms; election last held 19 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007)


election results: Olusegun OBASANJO elected president; percent of vote - Olusegun OBASANJO (PDP) 61.9%, Muhammadu BUHARI (ANPP) 31.2%, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu OJUKWU (APGA) 3.3%, other 3.6%
Exports $25.3 million f.o.b. (1991) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities phosphates petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber
Exports - partners NZ, Australia, South Korea, US (2000) US 32.3%, Brazil 8.3%, Spain 7.2%, Indonesia 5.9%, France 5.6%, India 4.6% (2002)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green
GDP purchasing power parity - $60 million (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $112.5 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 45%


industry: 20%


services: 35% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $900 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 3.2% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 0 32 S, 166 55 E 10 00 N, 8 00 E
Geography - note Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator the Niger enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea
Heliports - 1 (2002)
Highways total: 30 km


paved: 24 km


unpaved: 6 km (1998 est.)
total: 194,394 km


paved: 60,068 km (including 1,194 km of expressways)


unpaved: 134,326 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: 1.6%


highest 10%: 40.8% (1996-97)
Illicit drugs broad-based money-laundering center a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets; safehaven for Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide; major money-laundering center; massive corruption and criminal activity, along with unwillingness of the government to address the deficiencies in its anti-money-laundering regime make money laundering a major problem
Imports $21.1 million c.i.f. (1991) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals
Imports - partners Australia, US, UK, Indonesia, India (2000) UK 9.6%, US 9.4%, China 9.3%, France 8.7%, Germany 6.8%, South Korea 6.1%, Netherlands 5.2%, Italy 4.7% (2002)
Independence 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship) 1 October 1960 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 0.4% (2002 est.)
Industries phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel
Infant mortality rate 10.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) total: 71.35 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 74.44 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 68.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -3.6% (1993) (1993) 14.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, ICAO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNMOVIC, UNU, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 11 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 2,330 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court Supreme Court (judges appointed by the President); Federal Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government on the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee)
Labor force - 66 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 4,047 km


border countries: Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
arable land: 30.96%


permanent crops: 2.79%


other: 66.25% (1998 est.)
Languages Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani
Legal system acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law based on English common law, Islamic Shariah law (only in some northern states), and traditional law
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2003)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 18
bicameral National Assembly consists of Senate (107 seats, three from each state and one from the Federal Capital Territory; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (346 seats, members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 12 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007); House of Representatives - last held 12 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PDP 53.6%, ANPP 27.9%, AD 9.7%; seats by party - PDP 73, ANPP 28, AD 6; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDP 54.5%, ANPP 27.4%, AD 9.3%, other 8.8%; seats by party - PDP 213, ANPP 95, AD 31, other 7; note - two constituencies are not reported
Life expectancy at birth total population: 61.57 years


male: 58.05 years


female: 65.26 years (2002 est.)
total population: 51.01 years


male: 50.89 years


female: 51.14 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 68%


male: 75.7%


female: 60.6% (2003 est.)
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon
Map references Oceania Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 24 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) total: 44 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 327,689 GRT/607,560 DWT


ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 7, chemical tanker 5, petroleum tanker 29, roll on/roll off 1, specialized tanker 1


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Bulgaria 1, Greece 1, Norway 1, Pakistan 1, Togo 1, US 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia -
Military branches no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force Army, Navy, Air Force, Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $417.9 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 1% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 3,103 (2002 est.) males age 15-49: 31,790,482 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,710 (2002 est.) males age 15-49: 18,259,696 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 1,418,099 (2003 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 31 January (1968) Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)
Nationality noun: Nauruan(s)


adjective: Nauruan
noun: Nigerian(s)


adjective: Nigerian
Natural hazards periodic droughts periodic droughts; flooding
Natural resources phosphates, fish natural gas, petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, arable land
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) 0.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines - condensate 105 km; gas 1,660 km; oil 3,634 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal) [Bernard DOWIYOGO] Alliance for Democracy or AD [Alhaji Adamu ABDULKADIR]; All Nigeria Peoples' Party or ANPP [Don ETIEBET]; All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Chekwas OKORIE]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Aliyu Habu FARI]; Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Audu OGBEH]; Peoples Redemption Party or PRP [Abdulkadir Balarabe MUSA]; Peoples Salvation Party or PSP [Lawal MAITURARE]; United Nigeria Peoples Party or UNPP [Saleh JAMBO]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Nigerian Labor Congress or NLC [Adams OSHIOMOLE]
Population 12,329 (July 2002 est.) 133,881,703


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 60% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 1.96% (2002 est.) 2.53% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Nauru Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 83, FM 36, shortwave 11 (2001)
Radios 7,000 (1997) -
Railways total: 5 km


note: gauge unknown; used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast (2001)
total: 3,557 km


narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge


standard gauge: 52 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)
Religions Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic) Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female


total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 20 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: an inadequate system, further limited by poor maintenance; major expansion is required and a start has been made


domestic: intercity traffic is carried by coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, a domestic communications satellite system with 19 earth stations, and a coastal submarine cable; mobile cellular facilities and the Internet are available


international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); coaxial submarine cable SAFE (South African Far East)
Telephones - main lines in use 2,000 (1996) 500,000 (2000 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular 450 (1994) 200,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 3 (the government controls 2 of the broadcasting stations and 15 repeater stations) (2002)
Terrain sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north
Total fertility rate 3.5 children born/woman (2002 est.) 5.4 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 0% 28% (1992 est.)
Waterways none 8,575 km


note: consisting of the Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks
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