Compare Montserrat (2008) - Macau (2008)

Compare Montserrat (2008) z Macau (2008)

	Montserrat (2008)	Macau (2008)

Administrative divisions	3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter	none (special administrative region of China)
Age structure	0-14 years: 23.5% (male 1,144/female 1,094) 15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,989/female 3,281) 65 years and over: 10.8% (male 527/female 503) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 15.4% (male 36,413/female 33,981) 15-64 years: 76.6% (male 166,797/female 183,088) 65 years and over: 8% (male 15,541/female 21,169) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products	only 2% of land area is cultivated, mainly by vegetable growers; fishing, mostly for crustaceans, is important; some of the catch is exported to Hong Kong
Airports	2 (2007)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Area	total: 102 sq km land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 28.2 sq km land: 28.2 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC	less than one-sixth the size of Washington, DC
Background	English and Irish colonists from St. Kitts first settled on Montserrat in 1632; the first African slaves arrived three decades later. The British and French fought for possession of the island for most of the 18th century, but it finally was confirmed as a British possession in 1783. The island's sugar plantation economy was converted to small farm landholdings in the mid 19th century. Much of this island was devastated and two-thirds of the population fled abroad because of the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995. Montserrat has endured volcanic activity since, with the last eruption occurring in July 2003.	Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau, and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years.
Birth rate	17.51 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	8.57 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $31.4 million expenditures: $31.6 million (1997 est.)	revenues: $4.6 billion expenditures: $3.4 billion (2006)
Capital	name: Plymouth geographic coordinates: 16 42 N, 62 13 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: Plymouth was abandoned in 1997 because of volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat	-
Climate	tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation	subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers
Coastline	40 km	41 km
Constitution	effective 19 December 1989	Basic Law, approved on 31 March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Montserrat	conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)
Death rate	7.02 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	4.59 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$8.9 million (1997)	$0 (2006)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	special administrative region of China
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	the US has no offices in Macau; US Consulate General in Hong Kong is accredited to Macau
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (special administrative region of China)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance (2002 est.)	$13.7 million (2004)
Economy - overview	Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcanic activity and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.	Macau's economy has enjoyed strong growth in recent years on the back of its expanding tourism and gaming sectors. Since opening up its locally-controlled casino industry to foreign competition in 2001, the territory has attracted 10s of billions of dollars in foreign investment that have helped transform it into the world's largest gaming center. In 2006, Macau's gaming revenue surpassed that of the Las Vegas strip, and gaming-related taxes accounted for 75% of total government revenue. The expanding casino sector, and China's decision beginning in 2002 to relax travel restrictions, have reenergized Macau's tourism industry, which saw total visitors grow to 27 million in 2007, up 62% in three years. Macau's strong economic growth has put pressure its labor market prompting businesses to look abroad to meet their staffing needs. The resulting influx of non-resident workers, who totaled one-fifth of the workforce in 2006, has fueled tensions among some segments of the population. Macau's traditional manufacturing industry has been in a slow decline. In 2006, exports of textiles and garments generated only $1.8 billion compared to $6.9 billion in gross gaming receipts. Macau's textile industry will continue to move to the mainland because of the termination in 2005 of the Multi-Fiber Agreement, which provided a near guarantee of export markets, leaving the territory more dependent on gambling and trade-related services to generate growth. However, the Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between Macau and mainland China that came into effect on 1 January 2004 offers many Macau-made products tariff-free access to the mainland. Macau's currency, the Pataca, is closely tied to the Hong Kong dollar, which is also freely accepted in the territory.
Electricity - consumption	18.6 million kWh (2005)	2.37 billion kWh (2006)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2006)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	964.4 million kWh (2006)
Electricity - production	20 million kWh (2005)	1.67 billion kWh (2006)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)	lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m
Environment - current issues	land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation	NA
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Marine Dumping (associate member), Ship Pollution (associate member)
Ethnic groups	black, white	Chinese 95.7%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry) 1%, other 3.3% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2007), 2.7 (2006), 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003) note: fixed rate since 1976	patacas per US dollar - 8.011 (2007), 8.0015 (2006), 8.011 (2005), 8.022 (2004), 8.021 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter A. WATERWORTH (since 27 July 2007) head of government: Chief Minister Lowell LEWIS (since 2 June 2006) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister	chief of state: President of China HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003) head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of one government secretary, three legislators, four businessmen, one pro-Beijing unionist, and one pro-Beijing educator elections: chief executive chosen by a 300-member Election Committee for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 29 August 2004 (next to be held in 2009) election results: Edmund HO Hau-wah reelected received 296 votes; three members submitted blank ballots; one member was absent
Exports	0 bbl/day (2004)	21 bbl/day (2005)
Exports - commodities	electronic components, plastic bags, apparel; hot peppers, limes, live plants; cattle	clothing, textiles, footwear, toys, electronics, machinery and parts
Exports - partners	US, Antigua and Barbuda (2006)	US 44.1%, China 14.8%, Hong Kong 11.3%, Germany 7.3%, UK 4.1% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross	light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1.2% industry: 23.1% services: 75.7% (1999 est.)	agriculture: 0.1% industry: 3.9% services: 96% (2006 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-1% (2002 est.)	16.6% (2006)
Geographic coordinates	16 45 N, 62 12 W	22 10 N, 113 33 E
Geography - note	the island is entirely volcanic in origin and comprised of three major volcanic centers of differing ages	essentially urban; an area of land reclaimed from the sea measuring 5.2 sq km and known as Cotai now connects the islands of Coloane and Taipa; the island area is connected to the mainland peninsula by three bridges
Heliports	-	1 (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	transshipment point for drugs going into mainland China; consumer of opiates and amphetamines
Imports	458 bbl/day (2004)	13,870 bbl/day (2006)
Imports - commodities	machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials	raw materials and semi-manufactured goods, consumer goods (foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco), capital goods, mineral fuels and oils
Imports - partners	US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (2006)	China 45.2%, Hong Kong 10.2%, Japan 8.4%, US 5.5%, Singapore 4.1%, France 4% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (special administrative region of China)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	3.8%
Industries	tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances	tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 4.33 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.51 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.6% (2002 est.)	7.2% (2006)
International organization participation	Caricom, CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU	IHO, IMF, IMO (associate), ISO (correspondent), UNESCO (associate), UNWTO (associate), UPU, WCO, WMO, WTO
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)	Court of Final Appeal in Macau Special Administrative Region
Labor force	4,521 note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)	275,000 (2006)
Labor force - by occupation	-	manufacturing 11.1%, construction 11.7%, transport and communications 6.3%, wholesale and retail trade 13.7%, restaurants and hotels 11.3%, gambling 19.8%, public sector 7.7%, financial services 2.6%, other services and agriculture 15.7% (2006)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 0.34 km regional border: China 0.34 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	English	Cantonese 87.9%, Hokkien 4.4%, Mandarin 1.6%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 3% (2001 census)
Legal system	English common law and statutory law	based on Portuguese civil law system
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms) note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members elections: last held 31 May 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - MCAP 36.1%, NPLM 29.4%, MDP 24.4%, independents 10.1%; seats by party - MCAP 4, NPLM 3, MDP 1, independents 1 note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council	unicameral Legislative Assembly (29 seats; 12 members elected by popular vote, 10 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 25 September 2005 (next in September 2009) election results: percent of vote - New Democratic Macau Association 18.8%, Macau United Citizens' Association 16.6%, Union for Development 13.3%, Union for Promoting Progress 9.6%, Macau Development Alliance 9.3%, others 32.4%; seats by political group - New Democratic Macau Association 2, Macau United Citizens' Association 2, Union for Development 2, Union for Promoting Progress 2, Macau Development Alliance 1, others 3; 10 seats filled by professional and business groups; seven members appointed by chief executive
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79 years male: 76.8 years female: 81.31 years (2007 est.)	total population: 82.27 years male: 79.44 years female: 85.25 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 91.3% male: 95.3% female: 87.8% (2001 census)
Location	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico	Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	not specified
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of China
Military branches	no regular military forces; Royal Montserrat Police Force (2005)	no regular military forces
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)	National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day
Nationality	noun: Montserratian(s) adjective: Montserratian	noun: Chinese adjective: Chinese
Natural hazards	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)	typhoons
Natural resources	NEGL	NEGL
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	4.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Montserrat Democratic Party or MDP [Lowell LEWIS]; Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Roselyn CASSELL-SEALY]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]	Civil Service Union [Jose Maria Pereira COUTINHO]; Development Union [KWAN Tsui-hang]; Macau Development Alliance [Angela LEONG On-kei]; Macau United Citizens' Association [CHAN Meng-kam]; New Democratic Macau Association [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong]; United Forces note: there is no political party ordinance, so there are no registered political parties; politically active groups register as societies or companies
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	9,538 note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2007 est.)	456,989 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.048% (2007 est.)	0.841% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations	Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.046 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.911 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.048 male(s)/female total population: 0.955 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.072 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.911 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.734 male(s)/female total population: 0.918 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	direct election 18 years of age for some non-executive positions, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies
Telephone system	general assessment: modern and fully digitalized domestic: NA international: country code - 1-664; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) optic submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad	general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services domestic: termination of monopoly over mobile-cellular telephone services in 2001 spurred sharp increase in subscriptions with mobile-cellular teledensity approaching 140 per 100 persons in 2006; fixed-line teledensity about 40 per 100 persons international: country code - 853; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3 submarine cable network that provides links to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; HF radiotelephone communication facility; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	178,013 (2007)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	794,323 (2007)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	1 (2006)
Terrain	volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland	generally flat
Total fertility rate	1.77 children born/woman (2007 est.)	1.03 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	6% (1998 est.)	3.1% (2006)

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