Compare Montserrat (2008) - Macau (2002)

Compare Montserrat (2008) z Macau (2002)

	Montserrat (2008)	Macau (2002)

Administrative divisions	3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter	none (special administrative region of China)
Age structure	0-14 years: 23.5% (male 1,144/female 1,094) 15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,989/female 3,281) 65 years and over: 10.8% (male 527/female 503) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 21.8% (male 52,262; female 48,439) 15-64 years: 70.9% (male 154,942; female 172,647) 65 years and over: 7.3% (male 13,616; female 19,927) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products	rice, vegetables
Airports	2 (2007)	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 102 sq km land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 25.4 sq km land: 25.4 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC	about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	English and Irish colonists from St. Kitts first settled on Montserrat in 1632; the first African slaves arrived three decades later. The British and French fought for possession of the island for most of the 18th century, but it finally was confirmed as a British possession in 1783. The island's sugar plantation economy was converted to small farm landholdings in the mid 19th century. Much of this island was devastated and two-thirds of the population fled abroad because of the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995. Montserrat has endured volcanic activity since, with the last eruption occurring in July 2003.	Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs.
Birth rate	17.51 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	12.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $31.4 million expenditures: $31.6 million (1997 est.)	revenues: $1.15 billion expenditures: $1.03 billion, including capital expenditures of $166 million (2000 est.)
Capital	name: Plymouth geographic coordinates: 16 42 N, 62 13 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: Plymouth was abandoned in 1997 because of volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat	-
Climate	tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation	subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers
Coastline	40 km	41 km
Constitution	effective 19 December 1989	Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Montserrat	conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)
Currency	-	pataca (MOP)
Death rate	7.02 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	3.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$8.9 million (1997)	$1.5 billion (1998)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	special administrative region of China
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (special administrative region of China)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance (2002 est.)	$NA
Economy - overview	Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcanic activity and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.	Macau's economy two years after reversion to China remains one of the most open in the world, according to the World Trade Organization. The government collects no duty on imports and sets no restrictions on exports beyond those required by international agreements. The territory's net exports of goods and services account for 35% of GDP, with tourism and apparel exports as the mainstays. The territory therefore has been hit hard by the 2001 downturn in its key US and EU export markets. Tourism remained strong, however, driven by a surge in visitors from mainland China. In response to the expected contraction of the economy in 2002, the government has announced a stimulative income tax cut and public works program that will push the budget into deficit. China already has extended support by easing restrictions on travel to Macau and is proposing a China-Hong Kong-Macau free trade area. China's economic weight is increasingly felt, with the mainland now holding more than 50% of assets in the financial, real estate, and construction sectors. Mainlanders, however, have been excluded from bidding on the gambling industry licenses that Macau is offering to break up the territory's four-decade-old gambling monopoly. Gambling taxes account for up to 60% of revenue, and the government with Beijing's backing intends to revitalize the industry.
Electricity - consumption	18.6 million kWh (2005)	1.476 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	1 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	175 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	20 million kWh (2005)	1.4 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)	lowest point: South China Sea 0 m highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m
Environment - current issues	land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation	NA
Ethnic groups	black, white	Chinese 95%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry), Portuguese, other
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2007), 2.7 (2006), 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003) note: fixed rate since 1976	patacas per US dollar - 8.033 (January 2002), 8.034 (2001), 8.026 (2000), 7.992 (1999), 7.979 (1998), 7.975 (1997); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter A. WATERWORTH (since 27 July 2007) head of government: Chief Minister Lowell LEWIS (since 2 June 2006) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister	chief of state: President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993) head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of all five government secretaries, three legislators, and two businessmen elections: chief executive chosen by a 200-member selection committee for up to two five-year terms
Exports	0 bbl/day (2004)	$2.5 billion f.o.b. (2000)
Exports - commodities	electronic components, plastic bags, apparel; hot peppers, limes, live plants; cattle	clothing, textiles, cement, electronics, cameras
Exports - partners	US, Antigua and Barbuda (2006)	US 48%, EU 28%, China 10%, Hong Kong 7% (2000)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross	light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $8 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1.2% industry: 23.1% services: 75.7% (1999 est.)	agriculture: 1% industry: 25% services: 74% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $17,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-1% (2002 est.)	0.5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	16 45 N, 62 12 W	22 10 N, 113 33 E
Geography - note	the island is entirely volcanic in origin and comprised of three major volcanic centers of differing ages	essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland
Highways	-	total: 50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	-
Imports	458 bbl/day (2004)	$2.3 billion c.i.f. (2000)
Imports - commodities	machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials	clothing, textiles, yarn, minerals, electrical machinery, fuel, livestock
Imports - partners	US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (2006)	China 41%, Hong Kong 15%, EU 10%, Taiwan 10%, Japan 6% (2000)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (special administrative region of China)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances	tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	4.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.6% (2002 est.)	-2% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom, CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU	CCC, ESCAP (associate), IHO, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), ISO (correspondent), UNESCO (associate), WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)	The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative Region
Labor force	4,521 note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)	218,000 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	-	restaurants and hotels 26%, manufacturing 20%, other services and agriculture 54% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 0.34 km border countries: China 0.34 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: "green areas" represent 22.4% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese)
Legal system	English common law and statutory law	based on Portuguese civil law system
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms) note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members elections: last held 31 May 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - MCAP 36.1%, NPLM 29.4%, MDP 24.4%, independents 10.1%; seats by party - MCAP 4, NPLM 3, MDP 1, independents 1 note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council	unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (27 seats; 10 elected by popular vote, 10 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 23 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats by political bloc - Entertainment Industry 3, pro-democracy 2, pro-Beijing Labor Union 2, pro-Beijing Neighborhood Association 2, pro-business 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79 years male: 76.8 years female: 81.31 years (2007 est.)	total population: 81.78 years male: 78.97 years female: 84.73 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90% male: 93% female: 86% (1981 est.)
Location	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico	Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	not specified
Merchant marine	-	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999
Military branches	no regular military forces; Royal Montserrat Police Force (2005)	no regular indigenous military forces; responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999; there is a local police force
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 128,005 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 70,508 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)	National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day
Nationality	noun: Montserratian(s) adjective: Montserratian	noun: Chinese adjective: Chinese
Natural hazards	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)	typhoons
Natural resources	NEGL	NEGL
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	9.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Montserrat Democratic Party or MDP [Lowell LEWIS]; Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Roselyn CASSELL-SEALY]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]	there are no formal political parties, however, there are civic associations that, for purposes of legislative voting, join together to form political blocs
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director]; Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader]
Population	9,538 note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2007 est.)	461,833 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.048% (2007 est.)	1.75% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Macau
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	160,000 (1997)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations	Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.046 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.911 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.048 male(s)/female total population: 0.955 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies
Telephone system	general assessment: modern and fully digitalized domestic: NA international: country code - 1-664; landing point for the East Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) optic submarine cable with links to 13 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad	general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services domestic: NA international: HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	176,902 (November 2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	158,251 (November 2001)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997)
Terrain	volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland	generally flat
Total fertility rate	1.77 children born/woman (2007 est.)	1.31 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	6% (1998 est.)	6.5% (2001 est.)
Waterways	-	none

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