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Compare Macau (2002) - Anguilla (2001)
Compare Macau (2002) z Anguilla (2001)
| Macau (2002) | Anguilla (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (special administrative region of China) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 21.8% (male 52,262; female 48,439)
15-64 years: 70.9% (male 154,942; female 172,647) 65 years and over: 7.3% (male 13,616; female 19,927) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years:
25.55% (male 1,574; female 1,526) 15-64 years: 67.47% (male 4,200; female 3,985) 65 years and over: 6.98% (male 376; female 471) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | rice, vegetables | small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising |
| Airports | 1 (2001) | 3 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2002) |
total:
1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
2 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 25.4 sq km
land: 25.4 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
91 sq km land: 91 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC | about half the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs. | Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980 with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. |
| Birth rate | 12.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 15.17 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $1.15 billion
expenditures: $1.03 billion, including capital expenditures of $166 million (2000 est.) |
revenues:
$20.4 million expenditures: $23.3 million, including capital expenditures of $3.8 million (1997 est.) |
| Capital | - | The Valley |
| Climate | subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers | tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds |
| Coastline | 41 km | 61 km |
| Constitution | Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution" | Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region
conventional short form: Macau local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese) local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese) |
conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Anguilla |
| Currency | pataca (MOP) | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Death rate | 3.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 5.61 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $1.5 billion (1998) | $8.8 million (1998) |
| Dependency status | special administrative region of China | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US has no offices in Macau, and US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (special administrative region of China) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $3.5 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | Macau's economy two years after reversion to China remains one of the most open in the world, according to the World Trade Organization. The government collects no duty on imports and sets no restrictions on exports beyond those required by international agreements. The territory's net exports of goods and services account for 35% of GDP, with tourism and apparel exports as the mainstays. The territory therefore has been hit hard by the 2001 downturn in its key US and EU export markets. Tourism remained strong, however, driven by a surge in visitors from mainland China. In response to the expected contraction of the economy in 2002, the government has announced a stimulative income tax cut and public works program that will push the budget into deficit. China already has extended support by easing restrictions on travel to Macau and is proposing a China-Hong Kong-Macau free trade area. China's economic weight is increasingly felt, with the mainland now holding more than 50% of assets in the financial, real estate, and construction sectors. Mainlanders, however, have been excluded from bidding on the gambling industry licenses that Macau is offering to break up the territory's four-decade-old gambling monopoly. Gambling taxes account for up to 60% of revenue, and the government with Beijing's backing intends to revitalize the industry. | Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. The economy, and especially the tourism sector, suffered a setback in late 1995 due to the effects of Hurricane Luis in September but recovered in 1996. Increased activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the growth of the construction sector, has contributed to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector. A comprehensive package of financial services legislation was enacted in late 1994. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend on the tourism sector and, therefore, on continuing income growth in the industrialized nations as well as favorable weather conditions. |
| Electricity - consumption | 1.476 billion kWh (2000) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 1 million kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 175 million kWh (2000) | - |
| Electricity - production | 1.4 billion kWh (2000) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m |
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 95%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry), Portuguese, other | black |
| Exchange rates | patacas per US dollar - 8.033 (January 2002), 8.034 (2001), 8.026 (2000), 7.992 (1999), 7.979 (1998), 7.975 (1997); note - linked to the Hong Kong dollar at the rate of 1.03 patacas per Hong Kong dollar | East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993)
head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999) cabinet: Executive Council consists of all five government secretaries, three legislators, and two businessmen elections: chief executive chosen by a 200-member selection committee for up to two five-year terms |
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter JOHNSTON (since NA February 2000) head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly |
| Exports | $2.5 billion f.o.b. (2000) | $4.5 million (1998) |
| Exports - commodities | clothing, textiles, cement, electronics, cameras | lobster, fish, livestock, salt |
| Exports - partners | US 48%, EU 28%, China 10%, Hong Kong 7% (2000) | NA |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $8 billion (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $96 million (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 1%
industry: 25% services: 74% (2000 est.) |
agriculture:
4% industry: 18% services: 78% (1997 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $17,600 (2001 est.) | purchasing power parity - $8,200 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 0.5% (2001 est.) | 7% (1999 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 22 10 N, 113 33 E | 18 15 N, 63 10 W |
| Geography - note | essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland | - |
| Highways | total: 50 km
paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
total:
279 km paved: 253 km unpaved: 26 km (1998 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | - | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe |
| Imports | $2.3 billion c.i.f. (2000) | $57.6 million (1998) |
| Imports - commodities | clothing, textiles, yarn, minerals, electrical machinery, fuel, livestock | NA |
| Imports - partners | China 41%, Hong Kong 15%, EU 10%, Taiwan 10%, Japan 6% (2000) | NA |
| Independence | none (special administrative region of China) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 3.1% (1997 est.) |
| Industries | tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys | tourism, boat building, offshore financial services |
| Infant mortality rate | 4.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | 24.56 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -2% (2001 est.) | 2.5% (1998 est.) |
| International organization participation | CCC, ESCAP (associate), IHO, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), ISO (correspondent), UNESCO (associate), WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO | Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS (associate), ECLAC (associate) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 16 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | The Court of Final Appeal in the Macau Special Administrative Region | High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court) |
| Labor force | 218,000 (2001) | 4,400 (1992) |
| Labor force - by occupation | restaurants and hotels 26%, manufacturing 20%, other services and agriculture 54% (2000 est.) | commerce 36%, services 29%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, manufacturing 3%, agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4% |
| Land boundaries | total: 0.34 km
border countries: China 0.34 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: "green areas" represent 22.4% (1998 est.) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) |
| Languages | Portuguese, Chinese (Cantonese) | English (official) |
| Legal system | based on Portuguese civil law system | based on English common law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (27 seats; 10 elected by popular vote, 10 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 23 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats by political bloc - Entertainment Industry 3, pro-democracy 2, pro-Beijing Labor Union 2, pro-Beijing Neighborhood Association 2, pro-business 1 |
unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 3 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UF 4, AUM 2, independent 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 81.78 years
male: 78.97 years female: 84.73 years (2002 est.) |
total population:
76.31 years male: 73.41 years female: 79.29 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90% male: 93% female: 86% (1981 est.) |
definition:
age 12 and over can read and write total population: 95% male: 95% female: 95% (1984 est.) |
| Location | Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China | Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, east of Puerto Rico |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | not specified | exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999 | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; responsibility for defense reverted to China on 20 December 1999; there is a local police force | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 128,005 (2002 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 70,508 (2002 est.) | - |
| National holiday | National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day | Anguilla Day, 30 May |
| Nationality | noun: Chinese
adjective: Chinese |
noun:
Anguillan(s) adjective: Anguillan |
| Natural hazards | typhoons | frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) |
| Natural resources | NEGL | salt, fish, lobster |
| Net migration rate | 9.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 17.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | there are no formal political parties, however, there are civic associations that, for purposes of legislative voting, join together to form political blocs | Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The United Front or UF [Osbourne FLEMMING, Victor BANKS], a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Catholic Church [Domingos LAM, bishop]; Macau Society of Tourism and Entertainment or STDM [Stanley HO, managing director]; Union for Democracy Development [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong, leader] | NA |
| Population | 461,833 (July 2002 est.) | 12,132 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.75% (2002 est.) | 2.68% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Macau | Blowing Point, Road Bay |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998) |
| Radios | 160,000 (1997) | 3,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.) | Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services
domestic: NA international: HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
general assessment:
NA domestic: modern internal telephone system international: microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 176,902 (November 2001) | 5,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 158,251 (November 2001) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (receives Hong Kong broadcasts) (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | generally flat | flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone |
| Total fertility rate | 1.31 children born/woman (2002 est.) | 1.79 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 6.5% (2001 est.) | 7% (1992 est.) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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