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Compare Liechtenstein (2005) - Slovenia (2001)

Compare Liechtenstein (2005) z Slovenia (2001)

 Liechtenstein (2005)Slovenia (2001)
 LiechtensteinSlovenia
Administrative divisions 11 communes (Gemeinden, singular - Gemeinde); Balzers, Eschen, Gamprin, Mauren, Planken, Ruggell, Schaan, Schellenberg, Triesen, Triesenberg, Vaduz 136 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities* (mestne obcine , singular - mestna obcina ) Ajdovscina, Beltinci, Bled, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova-Tisina, Celje*, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik-Trnovska Vas, Divaca, Dobrepolje, Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grosuplje, Hodos Salovci, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola, Jesenice, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Koper*, Kozje, Kranj*, Kranjska Gora, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava, Litija, Ljubljana*, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Maribor*, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mislinja, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Murska Sobota*, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Nova Gorica*, Novo Mesto*, Odranci, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podvelka-Ribnica, Postojna, Preddvor, Ptuj*, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne-Prevalje, Ribnica, Rogasevci, Rogaska Slatina, Rogatec, Ruse, Semic, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur pri Celju, Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenj Gradec*, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smartno ob Paki, Sostanj, Starse, Store, Sveti Jurij, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trzic, Turnisce, Velenje*, Velike Lasce, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Ziri, Zrece

note:
there may be 45 more municipalities
Age structure 0-14 years: 17.6% (male 2,938/female 3,009)


15-64 years: 70.4% (male 11,795/female 11,927)


65 years and over: 12% (male 1,685/female 2,363) (2005 est.)
0-14 years:
16.09% (male 159,428; female 151,134)

15-64 years:
69.61% (male 681,333; female 662,170)

65 years and over:
14.3% (male 101,354; female 174,713) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, barley, corn, potatoes; livestock, dairy products potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry
Airports none (2004 est.) 14 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
6

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Area total: 160 sq km


land: 160 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
20,253 sq km

land:
20,253 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background The Principality of Liechtenstein was established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719; it became a sovereign state in 1806. Until the end of World War I, it was closely tied to Austria, but the economic devastation caused by that conflict forced Liechtenstein to enter into a customs and monetary union with Switzerland. Since World War II (in which Liechtenstein remained neutral), the country's low taxes have spurred outstanding economic growth. Shortcomings in banking regulatory oversight have resulted in concerns about the use of the financial institutions for money laundering. Liechtenstein has, however, implemented new anti-money-laundering legislation and recently concluded a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty with the US. In 1918 the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new nation, renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia, which though communist, distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power of the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991. Historical ties to Western Europe, a strong economy, and a stable democracy make Slovenia a leading candidate for future membership in the EU and NATO.
Birth rate 10.41 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.32 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $424.2 million


expenditures: $414.1 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1998 est.)
revenues:
$8.11 billion

expenditures:
$8.32 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)
Capital Vaduz Ljubljana
Climate continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
Coastline 0 km (doubly landlocked) 46.6 km
Constitution 5 October 1921 adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991
Country name conventional long form: Principality of Liechtenstein


conventional short form: Liechtenstein


local long form: Fuerstentum Liechtenstein


local short form: Liechtenstein
conventional long form:
Republic of Slovenia

conventional short form:
Slovenia

local long form:
Republika Slovenija

local short form:
Slovenija
Currency - tolar (SIT)
Death rate 7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.98 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $0 (2001) $6.2 billion (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Liechtenstein, but the US Ambassador to Switzerland is also accredited to Liechtenstein chief of mission:
Ambassador Nancy ELY-RAPHEL

embassy:
Presernova 31, SI-1000 Ljubljana

mailing address:
P. O. Box 254, Presernova 31, 1000 Ljubljana; American Embassy Ljubljana, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7140

telephone:
[386] (01) 200-5500

FAX:
[386] (01) 200-5555
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Claudia FRITSCHE


chancery: 1300 Eye Street NW, Suite 550W, Washington, DC 20005


telephone: [1] (202) 216-0460


FAX: [1] (202) 216-0459
chief of mission:
Ambassador Davorin KRACUN

chancery:
1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 667-5363

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-4563

consulate(s) general:
New York

consulate(s):
Cleveland
Disputes - international in February 2005, the ICJ refused to rule on the restitution of Liechtenstein's land and property assets in the Czech Republic confiscated in 1945 as German property progress with Croatia on discussions of adjustments to land boundary, but problems remain in defining maritime boundary in Gulf of Piran; Austria has minor dispute with Slovenia over nuclear power plants and post-World War II treatment of German-speaking minorities
Economic aid - recipient none ODA, $5 million (1993)
Economy - overview Despite its small size and limited natural resources, Liechtenstein has developed into a prosperous, highly industrialized, free-enterprise economy with a vital financial service sector and living standards on a par with its large European neighbors. The Liechtenstein economy is widely diversified with a large number of small businesses. Low business taxes - the maximum tax rate is 20% - and easy incorporation rules have induced many holding or so-called letter box companies to establish nominal offices in Liechtenstein, providing 30% of state revenues. The country participates in a customs union with Switzerland and uses the Swiss franc as its national currency. It imports more than 90% of its energy requirements. Liechtenstein has been a member of the European Economic Area (an organization serving as a bridge between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the EU) since May 1995. The government is working to harmonize its economic policies with those of an integrated Europe. Although Slovenia enjoys one of the highest GDPs per capita among the transition economies of Central Europe, it needs to speed up the privatization process and the dismantling of restrictions on foreign investment. About 45% of the economy remains in state hands, and the level of foreign direct investment inflows as a percent of GDP is the lowest in the region. Analysts are predicting between 4.0% and 4.2% growth for 2001. Export growth is expected to slow in 2001 and 2002 as EU markets soften. Inflation rose from 6.1% to 8.9% in 2000 and remains a matter of concern.
Electricity - consumption - 10.024 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 2.2 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 645 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 12.451 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
34.44%

hydro:
29.58%

nuclear:
35.98%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Ruggeller Riet 430 m


highest point: Grauspitz 2,599 m
lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m

highest point:
Triglav 2,864 m
Environment - current issues NA Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Alemannic 86%, Italian, Turkish, and other 14% Slovene 88%, Croat 3%, Serb 2%, Bosniak 1%, Yugoslav 0.6%, Hungarian 0.4%, other 5% (1991)
Exchange rates Swiss francs per US dollar - 1.2435 (2004), 1.3467 (2003), 1.5586 (2002), 1.6876 (2001), 1.6888 (2000) tolars per US dollar - 225.93 (January 2001), 222.66 (2000), 181.77 (1999), 166.13 (1998), 159.69 (1997), 135.36 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Prince HANS ADAM II (since 13 November 1989, assumed executive powers 26 August 1984); Heir Apparent Prince ALOIS, son of the monarch (born 11 June 1968); note - on 15 August 2004, HANS ADAM transferred the official duties of the ruling prince to ALOIS, but HANS ADAM retains status of chief of state


head of government: Head of Government Ottmar HASLER (since 5 April 2001) and Deputy Head of Government Rita KIEBER-BECK (since 5 April 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet elected by the parliament, confirmed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party in the Landtag is usually appointed the head of government by the monarch and the leader of the largest minority party in the Landtag is usually appointed the deputy head of government by the monarch
chief of state:
President Milan KUCAN (since 22 April 1990)

head of government:
Prime Minister Janez DRNOVSEK (since 15 October 2000);

cabinet:
Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 24 November 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly; election last held 15 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
Milan KUCAN elected president; percent of vote - Milan KUCAN 56.3%, Janez PODOBNIK 18%; Janez DRNOVSEK elected prime minister; percent of National Assembly vote - NA
Exports $2.47 billion (1996) $8.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities small specialty machinery, connectors for audio and video, parts for motor vehicles, dental products, hardware, prepared foodstuffs, electronic equipment, optical products manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food
Exports - partners EU 62.6% (Germany 24.3%, Austria 9.5%, France 8.9%, Italy 6.6%, UK 4.6%), US 18.9%, Switzerland 15.7% Germany 31%, Italy 14%, Croatia 8%, Austria 7%, France 6% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a gold crown on the hoist side of the blue band three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries); the seal is located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands
GDP - purchasing power parity - $22.9 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: 40%


services: NA% (1999)
agriculture:
4%

industry:
35%

services:
61% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (1999 est.) purchasing power parity - $12,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 11% (1999 est.) 4.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 47 16 N, 9 32 E 46 00 N, 15 00 E
Geography - note along with Uzbekistan, one of only two doubly landlocked countries in the world; variety of microclimatic variations based on elevation -
Highways total: 250 km


paved: 250 km


unpaved: 0 km
total:
19,586 km

paved:
17,745 km (including 249 km of expressways)

unpaved:
1,841 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
3.2%

highest 10%:
20.7% (1995)
Illicit drugs has strengthened money-laundering controls, but money laundering remains a concern due to Liechtenstein sophisticated offshore financial services sector minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals
Imports $917.3 million (1996) $9.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities agricultural products, raw materials, machinery, metal goods, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food
Imports - partners EU, Switzerland Germany 21%, Italy 17%, France 11%, Austria 8%, Croatia 4%, Hungary, Russia (1999)
Independence 23 January 1719 (Principality of Liechtenstein established); 12 July 1806 (independence from the Holy Roman Empire) 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 6.2% (2000)
Industries electronics, metal manufacturing, dental products, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, food products, precision instruments, tourism, optical instruments ferrous metallurgy and rolling mill products, aluminum reduction and rolled products, lead and zinc smelting, electronics (including military electronics), trucks, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools
Infant mortality rate total: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.34 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
4.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (2001) 8.9% (2000 est.)
International organization participation CE, EBRD, EFTA, IAEA, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WCL, WIPO, WTO ABEDA, ACCT (observer), BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 11 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 20 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Court of Appeal or Obergericht Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court (judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president)
Labor force 29,000 of whom 19,000 are foreigners; 13,000 commute from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany to work each day (31 December 2001) 857,400
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 1.3%, industry 47.4%, services 51.3% (31 December 2001 est.) agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries total: 76 km


border countries: Austria 34.9 km, Switzerland 41.1 km
total:
1,165 km

border countries:
Austria 330 km, Croatia 501 km, Italy 232 km, Hungary 102 km
Land use arable land: 25%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 75% (2001)
arable land:
12%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
24%

forests and woodland:
54%

other:
7% (1996 est.)
Languages German (official), Alemannic dialect Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 6%, other 3%
Legal system local civil and penal codes; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on civil law system
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament or Landtag (25 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote under proportional representation to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 11 and 13 March 2005 (next to be held by NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - FBP 48.7%, VU 38.2%, FL 13%; seats by party - FBP 12, VU 10, FL 3
unicameral National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats, 40 are directly elected and 50 are selected on a proportional basis; note - the numbers of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
National Assembly - last held 15 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - LDS 36%, SDS 16%, ZLSD 12%, SLS/SKD 10%, NSI 9%, SMS 4%, SNS 4%, DeSUS 5%, other 4%; seats by party - LDS 34, SDS 14, ZLDS 11, SLS/SKD 9, NSI 8, SMS 4, SNS 4, DeSUS 4, other 2

note:
the National Council or Drzavni Svet is an advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws and ask to review any National Assembly decisions; in the election of NA November 1997, 40 members were elected to represent local, professional, and socioeconomic interests (next election to be held in the fall of 2002)
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.55 years


male: 75.96 years


female: 83.16 years (2005 est.)
total population:
75.08 years

male:
71.2 years

female:
79.17 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 100%


male: 100%


female: 100%
definition:
NA

total population:
99%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland Southeastern Europe, eastern Alps bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Austria and Croatia
Map references Europe Europe
Maritime claims none (landlocked) NA
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Switzerland -
Military branches - Slovenian Army (includes Air and Naval Forces)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $370 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.7% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
523,336 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
416,237 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 19 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
14,513 (2001 est.)
National holiday Assumption Day, 15 August Independence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)
Nationality noun: Liechtensteiner(s)


adjective: Liechtenstein
noun:
Slovene(s)

adjective:
Slovenian
Natural hazards NA flooding and earthquakes
Natural resources hydroelectric potential, arable land lignite coal, lead, zinc, mercury, uranium, silver, hydropower
Net migration rate 4.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 2.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines gas 20 km (2004) crude oil 290 km; natural gas 305 km
Political parties and leaders Patriotic Union (was Fatherland Union) or VU [Heinz FROMMELT]; Progressive Citizens' Party or FBP [Johannes MATT]; The Free List or FL [Dr. Pepo FRICK, Elisabeth TELLENBACH-FRICK, Adolf RITTER] Democratic Party of Retired (Persons) of Slovenia or DeSUS [Janko KUSAR]; Liberal Democratic or LDS [Janez DRNOVSEK, chairman]; New Slovenia or NSI [Andrej BAJUK, chairman]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC, chairman]; Slovene People's Party or SLS (Slovenian People's Party or SLS and Slovenian Christian Democrats or SKD merged in April 2000) [Franc ZAGOZEN, chairman]; Slovene Youth Party or SMS [leader NA]; Social Democratic Party of Slovenia or SDS [Janez JANSA, chairman]; United List of Social Democrats (former Communists and allies) or ZLSD [Borut PAHOR, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 33,717 (July 2005 est.) 1,930,132 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 0.82% (2005 est.) 0.14% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none Izola, Koper, Piran
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 17, FM 160, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 805,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
1,201 km

standard gauge:
1,201 km 1.435-m gauge (489 km electrified) (1999)
Religions Roman Catholic 76.2%, Protestant 7%, unknown 10.6%, other 6.2% (June 2002) Roman Catholic 68.8%, Uniate Catholic 2%, Lutheran 1%, Muslim 1%, atheist 4.3%, other 22.9%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.01 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.58 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)
Telephone system general assessment: automatic telephone system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 423; linked to Swiss networks by cable and microwave radio relay
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
100% digital (2000)

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use 19,900 (2002) 722,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 11,400 (2002) 1 million (2000)
Television broadcast stations NA (linked to Swiss networks) (1997) 48 (2001)
Terrain mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountain and valleys with numerous rivers to the east
Total fertility rate 1.51 children born/woman (2005 est.) 1.28 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 1.3% (September 2002) 7.1% (1997 est.)
Waterways 28 km (2004) NA
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