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Compare Kiribati (2008) - Montserrat (2003)

Compare Kiribati (2008) z Montserrat (2003)

 Kiribati (2008)Montserrat (2003)
 KiribatiMontserrat
Administrative divisions 3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina) 3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter
Age structure 0-14 years: 38.2% (male 20,886/female 20,322)


15-64 years: 58.4% (male 31,083/female 31,884)


65 years and over: 3.4% (male 1,554/female 2,088) (2007 est.)
0-14 years: 23.4% (male 1,062; female 1,041)


15-64 years: 65.3% (male 2,805; female 3,066)


65 years and over: 11.4% (male 537; female 484) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products
Airports 19 (2007) none; only airport was destroyed by volcanic activity; a helicopter service to Antigua is used (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2007)
-
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 15


914 to 1,523 m: 11


under 914 m: 4 (2007)
-
Area total: 811 sq km


land: 811 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands
total: 102 sq km


land: 102 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative four times the size of Washington, DC about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati. Much of this island has been devastated and two-thirds of the population has fled abroad due to the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995.
Birth rate 30.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 17.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $55.52 million


expenditures: $59.71 million (FY05)
revenues: $31.4 million


expenditures: $31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4 million (1997 est.)
Capital name: Tarawa


geographic coordinates: 1 19 N, 172 58 E


time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat)
Climate tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 1,143 km 40 km
Constitution 12 July 1979 present constitution came into force 19 December 1989
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati


conventional short form: Kiribati


local long form: Republic of Kiribati


local short form: Kiribati


note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss


former: Gilbert Islands
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Montserrat
Currency - East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Death rate 8.12 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 7.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $10 million (1999 est.) $8.9 million (1997)
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $27.84 million largely from UK and Japan (2005) Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance
Economy - overview A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few natural resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. Private sector initiatives and a financial sector are in the early stages of development. Foreign financial aid from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China equals more than 10% of GDP. Remittances from seamen on merchant ships abroad account for more than $5 million each year. Kiribati receives around $15 million annually for the government budget from an Australian trust fund. Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.
Electricity - consumption 8.37 million kWh (2005) 2.325 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 9 million kWh (2005) 2.5 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) 914 m
Environment - current issues heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups Micronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census) black, white
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003) East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)
Executive branch chief of state: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO


cabinet: 12-member cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament


elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among its members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for two more terms); election last held 17 October 2007 (next to be held in 2011); vice president appointed by the president


election results: Anote TONG 63.7%, Nabuti MWEMWENIKARAWA 32.9%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Anthony LONGRIGG (since NA May 2001)


head of government: Chief Minister John OSBORNE (since 5 April 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary


elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister
Exports 0 bbl/day (2004) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish electronic components, plastic bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle
Exports - partners US 22.8%, Belgium 21.5%, Japan 14.3%, Samoa 7.8%, Australia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.7%, Taiwan 5.6%, Denmark 4.6% (2006) US, Antigua and Barbuda
Fiscal year NA 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross
GDP - purchasing power parity - $29 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 8.9%


industry: 24.2%


services: 66.8% (2004)
agriculture: 5.4%


industry: 13.6%


services: 81% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $3,400 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.3% (2005) -1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 1 25 N, 173 00 E 16 45 N, 62 12 W
Geography - note 21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru the island is entirely volcanic in origin and contains seven active volcanoes
Highways - total: 227 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km


note: volcanic eruptions beginning in 1995 destroyed most of the road system (2003)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports 216.4 bbl/day (2004) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials
Imports - partners Australia 33%, Fiji 27.1%, Japan 18.1%, NZ 6.9% (2006) US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada
Independence 12 July 1979 (from UK) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 0.7% (1991 est.) NA%
Industries fishing, handicrafts tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances
Infant mortality rate total: 46.02 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 51.03 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 40.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
total: 7.77 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 9.05 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.5% (2005 est.) 2.6% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACP, ADB, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Caricom, CDB, ECLAC (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 17 (2000)
Irrigated land NA NA sq km
Judicial branch Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)
Labor force 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (2001 est.) 4,521 ; note - lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 2.7%


industry: 32%


services: 65.3% (2000)
agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 2.74%


permanent crops: 47.95%


other: 49.31% (2005)
arable land: 20%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 80% (1998 est.)
Languages I-Kiribati, English (official) English
Legal system NA English common law and statutory law
Legislative branch unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (46 seats; 44 members elected by popular vote, 1 ex officio member - the attorney general, 1 nominated by the Rabi Council of Leaders (representing Banaba Island); to serve four-year terms)


elections: legislative elections were held in two rounds - the first round on 22 August 2007 and the second round on 30 August 2007 (next to be held in 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA, other 2 (includes attorney general)
unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms)


note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members


elections: last held NA April 2001 (next to be held by November 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPLM 7, NPP 2


note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council
Life expectancy at birth total population: 62.45 years


male: 59.41 years


female: 65.63 years (2007 est.)
total population: 78.36 years


male: 76.24 years


female: 80.59 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 97% (1970 est.)
Location Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the Equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (UTC +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references Oceania Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine total: 7 ships (1000 GRT or over) 28,435 GRT/42,682 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 1, cargo 3, passenger/cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 2


foreign-owned: 3 (Malaysia 1, Singapore 1, Turkey 1) (2007)
none (2002 est.)
Military - note Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands) (2007) no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA -
National holiday Independence Day, 12 July (1979) Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural)


adjective: I-Kiribati
noun: Montserratian(s)


adjective: Montserratian
Natural hazards typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1996)
Natural resources phosphate (production discontinued in 1979) NEGL
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) 34.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG]


note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
National Progressive Party or NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 107,817 (July 2007 est.) 8,995


note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.235% (2007 est.) 4.5% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors - Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (may be inactive) (2002) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, other (includes Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, Church of God) 8% (1999) Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.028 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.975 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.744 male(s)/female


total population: 0.986 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.11 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: generally good quality national and international service


domestic: wire line service available on Tarawa and Kiritimati (Christmas Island); connections to outer islands by HF/VHF radiotelephone; wireless service available in Tarawa since 1999


international: country code - 686; Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: NA
Telephones - main lines in use 4,500 (2002) 4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 600 (2004) 70 (1994)
Television broadcast stations 1 (possibly inactive) (2002) 1 (1997)
Terrain mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland
Total fertility rate 4.12 children born/woman (2007 est.) 1.8 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 2% official rate; underemployment 70% (1992 est.) 6% (1998 est.)
Waterways 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2007) none
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