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Compare Jersey (2008) - Tonga (2002)

Compare Jersey (2008) z Tonga (2002)

 Jersey (2008)Tonga (2002)
 JerseyTonga
Administrative divisions none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 12 parishes including Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Quen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, and Trinity 3 island groups; Ha'apai, Tongatapu, Vava'u
Age structure 0-14 years: 16.9% (male 8,003/female 7,428)


15-64 years: 67.3% (male 30,586/female 30,853)


65 years and over: 15.8% (male 6,388/female 8,063) (2007 est.)
0-14 years: 39.5% (male 21,374; female 20,555)


15-64 years: 56.4% (male 29,519; female 30,322)


65 years and over: 4.1% (male 1,945; female 2,422) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products squash, coconuts, copra, bananas, vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee, ginger, black pepper; fish
Airports 1 (2007) 6 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
total: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area total: 116 sq km


land: 116 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 748 sq km


land: 718 sq km


water: 30 sq km
Area - comparative about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC four times the size of Washington, DC
Background Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. Jersey is a British crown dependency, but is not part of the UK. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation. The archipelago of "The Friendly Islands" was united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. It became a constitutional monarchy in 1875 and a British protectorate in 1900. Tonga acquired its independence in 1970 and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. It remains the only monarchy in the Pacific.
Birth rate 9.02 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 24.08 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $829 million


expenditures: $851 million (2005)
revenues: $39.9 million


expenditures: $52.4 million, including capital expenditures of $1.9 million (FY99/00 est.)
Capital name: Saint Helier


geographic coordinates: 49 11 N, 2 06 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Nuku'alofa
Climate temperate; mild winters and cool summers tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
Coastline 70 km 419 km
Constitution unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice 4 November 1875, revised 1 January 1967
Country name conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey


conventional short form: Jersey
conventional long form: Kingdom of Tonga


conventional short form: Tonga


former: Friendly Islands
Currency - pa'anga (TOP)
Death rate 9.32 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $NA $57.5 million (June 2001)
Dependency status British crown dependency -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (British crown dependency) the US does not have an embassy in Tonga; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tonga
Diplomatic representation in the US none (British crown dependency) chief of mission: Ambassador Sonatane T. T. TUPOU


chancery: 250 East 51st Street, New York, NY 10022


telephone: [1] (917) 369-1136


FAX: [1] (917) 369-1024


consulate(s) general: San Francisco
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - Australia $5.5 million, New Zealand $2.3 million (FY01/02)
Economy - overview Jersey's economy is based on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. In 2005 the finance sector accounted for about 50% of the island's output. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. Tourism accounts for one-quarter of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. Living standards come close to those of the UK. Tonga has a small, open economy with a narrow export base in agricultural goods. Squash, coconuts, bananas, and vanilla beans are the main crops, and agricultural exports make up two-thirds of total exports. The country must import a high proportion of its food, mainly from New Zealand. Tourism is the second largest source of hard currency earnings following remittances. The country remains dependent on external aid and remittances from Tongan communities overseas to offset its trade deficit. The government is emphasizing the development of the private sector, especially the encouragement of investment, and is committing increased funds for health and education. Tonga has a reasonable basic infrastructure and well-developed social services.
Electricity - consumption 630.1 million kWh (2004 est.) 27.9 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production - 30 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 143 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation results as more and more land is being cleared for agriculture and settlement; some damage to coral reefs from starfish and indiscriminate coral and shell collectors; overhunting threatens native sea turtle populations
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Jersey 51.1%, Britons 34.8%, Irish, French, and other white 6.6%, Portuguese/Madeiran 6.4%, other 1.1% (2001 census) Polynesian, Europeans about 300
Exchange rates Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.4993 (2007), 0.5418 (2006), 0.5493 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003)


note: the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound
pa'anga per US dollar - 2.1920 (January 2002), 2.1236 (2001), 1.7585 (2000), 1.5991 (1999), 1.4920 (1998), 1.2635 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Lieutenant Governor Andrew RIDGEWAY (since 14 June 2006)


head of government: Chief Minister Frank WALKER (since December 2005); Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since February 1995)


cabinet: Cabinet (since December 2005)


elections: ministers of the Cabinet including the chief minister are elected by the Assembly of States; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
chief of state: King Taufa'ahau TUPOU IV (since 16 December 1965)


head of government: Prime Minister Prince Lavaka ata ULUKALALA (since NA February 2000) and Deputy Prime Minister Tevita TOPOU (since NA January 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet, appointed by the monarch, consists of 12 members


note: there is also a Privy Council that consists of the monarch, the Cabinet, and two governors


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed for life by the monarch
Exports $NA $9.3 million f.o.b. (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities light industrial and electrical goods, dairy cattle, foodstuffs, textiles squash, fish, vanilla beans, root crops
Exports - partners UK (2006) Japan 50.4%, US 31.6%, NZ 4.1%, Australia 2.1%, Fiji 1.7% (2000 est.)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 July - 30 June
Flag description white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield with the three lions of England in yellow red with a bold red cross on a white rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner
GDP - purchasing power parity - $225 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 1%


industry: 2%


services: 97% (2005)
agriculture: 30%


industry: 10%


services: 60% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,200 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 5.3% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 49 15 N, 2 10 W 20 00 S, 175 00 W
Geography - note largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier archipelago of 169 islands (36 inhabited)
Highways - total: 680 km


paved: 184 km


unpaved: 496 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $NA $70 million c.i.f. (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners UK (2006) New Zealand 29.8%, Japan 18.6%, Australia 12.7%, US 12.7%, Fiji 12.2% (2000 est.)
Independence none (British crown dependency) 4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 8.6% (FY98/99)
Industries tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics tourism, fishing
Infant mortality rate total: 5.08 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
13.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.7% (December 2006) 9.4% (2001 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA NA sq km
Judicial branch Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff) Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch); Court of Appeal (consists of the Privy Council with the addition of the chief justice of the Supreme Court)
Labor force 53,560 (June 2006) 33,908 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 65% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 23.61%


permanent crops: 43.06%


other: 33.33% (1998 est.)
Languages English 94.5% (official), Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census) Tongan, English
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply and local statutes; justice is administered by the Royal Court based on English law
Legislative branch unicameral Assembly of the States of Jersey (58 seats; 55 are voting members, of which 12 are senators elected for six-year terms, 12 are constables or heads of parishes elected for three-year terms, 29 are deputies elected for three-year terms, the bailiff and the deputy bailiff, and 3 non-voting members includes the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General appointed by the monarch)


elections: last held 19 October 2005 for senators and 23 November 2005 for deputies (next to be held in 2008)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 55
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fale Alea (30 seats - 12 reserved for cabinet ministers sitting ex officio, nine for nobles selected by the country's 33 nobles, and nine elected by popular vote; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 7 March 2002 (next to be held NA 2005)


election results: percent of vote - pro-democratic 70%; seats - pro-democratic 7, traditionalist 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.51 years


male: 77.02 years


female: 82.2 years (2007 est.)
total population: 68.56 years


male: 66.13 years


female: 71.11 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
definition: can read and write Tongan and/or English


total population: 98.5%


male: 98.4%


female: 98.7% (1996 est.)
Location Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references Europe Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 80 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 292,139 GRT/421,221 DWT


ships by type: bulk 10, cargo 54, liquefied gas 4, petroleum tanker 8, roll on/roll off 4


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Albania 1, Australia 4, Austria 1, Bolivia 1, Cyprus 1, Djibouti 1, Egypt 2, Greece 4, Lebanon 2, Liberia 2, Marshall Islands 2, Morocco 1, Norway 1, Panama 1, Romania 3, Russia 1, Sao Tome and Principe 1, Saudi Arabia 2, Singapore 1, Sweden 1, Switzerland 3, Syria 5, Ukraine 1, United Arab Emirates 16, United States 4 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches - Tonga Defense Services (made up of three operational command components and two support elements, including the Royal Marines, Royal Guards, Maritime Force, a support/logistics group, and a training group), Police; note - a new air wing that will be subordinate to the Ministry of Defense is being developed
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
National holiday Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) Independence Day, 4 June (1970)
Nationality noun: Channel Islander(s)


adjective: Channel Islander
noun: Tongan(s)


adjective: Tongan
Natural hazards NA cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou
Natural resources arable land fish, fertile soil
Net migration rate 2.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders two declared parties: Centre Party; Jersey Democratic Alliance


note: all senators and deputies elected in 2005 were independents
there are no political parties
Political pressure groups and leaders none Tonga Human Rights and Democracy Movement or THRDM [Akilisi POHIVA, president]
Population 91,321 (July 2007 est.) 106,137 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 0.244% (2007 est.) 1.85% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors - Neiafu, Nuku'alofa, Pangai
Radio broadcast stations AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (2001)
Radios - 61,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian Christian (Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.077 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.991 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.792 male(s)/female


total population: 0.971 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: submarine cable connectivity to Guernsey and UK
general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (1996)
Telephones - main lines in use 73,900 (2001) 8,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular 83,900 (2004) 302 (1996)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1997) 2 (2001)
Terrain gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base
Total fertility rate 1.58 children born/woman (2007 est.) 3 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 2.2% (2006 est.) 13.3% (1996 est.)
Waterways - none
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