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Compare Jersey (2002) - Gibraltar (2006)
Compare Jersey (2002) z Gibraltar (2006)
| Jersey (2002) | Gibraltar (2006) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (British crown dependency) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 17.9% (male 8,287; female 7,729)
15-64 years: 67.3% (male 30,099; female 30,347) 65 years and over: 14.8% (male 5,729; female 7,584) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years: 17.5% (male 2,499/female 2,388)
15-64 years: 66% (male 9,443/female 8,999) 65 years and over: 16.5% (male 2,059/female 2,540) (2006 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products | none |
| Airports | 1 (2001) | 1 (2006) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006) |
| Area | total: 116 sq km
land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 6.5 sq km
land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. | Strategically important, Gibraltar was reluctantly ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In a referendum held in 1967, Gibraltarians voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency. Although the current 1969 Constitution for Gibraltar states that the British government will never allow the people of Gibraltar to pass under the sovereignty of another state against their freely and democratically expressed wishes, a series of talks were held by the UK and Spain between 1997 and 2002 on establishing temporary joint sovereignty over Gibraltar. In response to these talks, the Gibraltarian Government set up a referendum in late 2002 in which a majority of the citizens voted overwhelmingly against any sharing of sovereignty with Spain. Since the referendum, tripartite talks have been held with Spain, the UK, and Gibraltar, and in September 2006 a three-way agreement was signed. Spain agreed to allow airlines other than British to serve Gibraltar, to speed up customs procedures, and to add more telephone lines into Gibraltar. Britain agreed to pay pensions to Spaniards who had been employed in Gibraltar before the border closed in 1969. Spain will be allowed to open a cultural institute from which the Spanish flag will fly. |
| Birth rate | 10.86 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 10.74 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $601 million
expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million (2000 est.) |
revenues: $307 million
expenditures: $284 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est.) |
| Capital | Saint Helier | name: Gibraltar
geographic coordinates: 39 11 N, 5 22 W time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October |
| Climate | temperate; mild winters and cool summers | Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers |
| Coastline | 70 km | 12 km |
| Constitution | unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice | 30 May 1969 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey
conventional short form: Jersey |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Gibraltar |
| Currency | British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound | - |
| Death rate | 9.22 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 9.31 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Debt - external | none | $NA (2000 est.) |
| Dependency status | British crown dependency | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (British crown dependency) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (British crown dependency) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | none | in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement; the government of Gibraltar insists on equal participation in talks between the UK and Spain; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar even greater autonomy |
| Economic aid - recipient | none | $NA |
| Economy - overview | The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996 the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism, another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. | Self-sufficient Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 7% to the local economy, compared with 60% in 1984. The financial sector, tourism (almost 5 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. The financial sector, the shipping sector, and tourism each contribute 25%-30% of GDP. Telecommunications accounts for another 10%. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 98.69 million kWh (2003) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2003) |
| Electricity - imports | NA kWh
note: electricity supplied by France |
0 kWh (2003) |
| Electricity - production | - | 106.1 million kWh (2003) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 143 m |
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant |
| Ethnic groups | UK and Norman-French descent | Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, German, North Africans |
| Exchange rates | Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6981 (January 2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound | Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.55 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001)
note: the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995) cabinet: committees appointed by the Assembly of the States elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir Robert FULTON (since 27 October 2006)
head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor |
| Exports | $NA | NA bbl/day |
| Exports - commodities | light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles | (principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8% |
| Exports - partners | UK | UK 30.8%, Spain 22.7%, Germany 13.7%, Turkmenistan 10.4%, Switzerland 8.3%, Italy 6.7% (2005) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag and in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield holding the three lions of England in yellow | two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 5%
industry: 2% services: 93% (1996) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.) | - |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 49 15 N, 2 10 W | 36 8 N, 5 21 W |
| Geography - note | largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier | strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea |
| Highways | total: 577 km (1995)
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
- |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA | NA bbl/day |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals | fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | UK | Spain 23.4%, Russia 12.3%, Italy 12%, UK 9%, France 8.9%, Netherlands 6.8%, US 4.7% (2005) |
| Independence | none (British crown dependency) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, banking and finance, dairy | tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco |
| Infant mortality rate | 5.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | total: 5.06 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.63 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4.7% (1998) | 1.5% (1998) |
| International organization participation | - | Interpol (subbureau), UPU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | NA | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA |
| Judicial branch | Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff) | Supreme Court; Court of Appeal |
| Labor force | 57,050 (1996) (1996) | 12,690 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (2001) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | agriculture: negligible
industry: 40% services: 60% |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 1.2 km
border countries: Spain 1.2 km |
| Land use | arable land: NEGL%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005) |
| Languages | English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts | English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese |
| Legal system | English law and local statute | English law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators (elected for 6-year terms), 12 constables or heads of parishes (elected for 3-year terms), 29 deputies (elected for 3-year terms); the bailiff and the deputy bailiff; and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch
elections: last held NA (next to be held NA) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 52 |
unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, 1 appointed for the Speaker, and 2 ex officio members; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 November 2003 (next to be held not later than February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 78.78 years
male: 76.34 years female: 81.4 years (2002 est.) |
total population: 79.8 years
male: 76.92 years female: 82.83 years (2006 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
definition: NA
total population: above 80% male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France | Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain |
| Map references | Europe | Europe |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone: 12 NM
territorial sea: 3 NM |
territorial sea: 3 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | total: 180 ships (1000 GRT or over) 1,129,379 GRT/1,437,754 DWT
by type: barge carrier 3, bulk carrier 1, cargo 105, chemical tanker 26, container 26, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 11, roll on/roll off 6, specialized tanker 1 foreign-owned: 165 (Belgium 2, Cyprus 1, Denmark 1, Finland 3, France 1, Germany 108, Greece 7, Iceland 1, Ireland 1, Italy 6, Latvia 2, Netherlands 5, Norway 18, Sweden 5, UK 4) (2006) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of the UK; the last British regular infantry forces left Gibraltar in 1992, replaced by the Royal Gibraltar Regiment |
| Military branches | - | Royal Gibraltar Regiment |
| National holiday | Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) | National Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain |
| Nationality | noun: Channel Islander(s)
adjective: Channel Islander |
noun: Gibraltarian(s)
adjective: Gibraltar |
| Natural hazards | NA | NA |
| Natural resources | arable land | none |
| Net migration rate | 2.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none; all independents | Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association |
| Population | 89,775 (July 2002 est.) | 27,928 (July 2006 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.44% (2002 est.) | 0.14% (2006 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier | - |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | NA | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian | Roman Catholic 78.1%, Church of England 7%, other Christian 3.2%, Muslim 4%, Jewish 2.1%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 0.9%, none 2.9% (2001 census) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
| Suffrage | NA years of age; universal adult | 18 years of age; universal, plus other British citizens who have been residents six months or more |
| Telephone system | general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: 3 submarine cables |
general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities
domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: country code - 350; radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 65,500 (1997) | 24,512 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 4,400 (1997) | 9,797 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (1997) | 1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast | a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar |
| Total fertility rate | 1.57 children born/woman (2002 est.) | 1.65 children born/woman (2006 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 0.7% (1998 est.) | 2% (2001 est.) |
| Waterways | none | - |
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