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Compare Guyana (2001) - Burundi (2001)

Compare Guyana (2001) z Burundi (2001)

 Guyana (2001)Burundi (2001)
 GuyanaBurundi
Administrative divisions 10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo 16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi
Age structure 0-14 years:
28.19% (male 100,194; female 96,309)

15-64 years:
66.89% (male 234,976; female 231,360)

65 years and over:
4.92% (male 15,324; female 19,018) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
46.82% (male 1,472,618; female 1,441,548)

15-64 years:
50.37% (male 1,541,131; female 1,593,743)

65 years and over:
2.81% (male 71,984; female 102,873) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products sugar, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; forest and fishery potential not exploited coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides
Airports 51 (2000 est.) 4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
45

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)
total:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total:
214,970 sq km

land:
196,850 sq km

water:
18,120 sq km
total:
27,830 sq km

land:
25,650 sq km

water:
2,180 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Idaho slightly smaller than Maryland
Background Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966 and became a republic in 1970. In 1989 Guyana launched an Economic Recovery Program, which marked a dramatic reversal from a state-controlled, socialist economy towards a more open, free market system. Results through the first decade have proven encouraging. Between 1993 and 2000, wide-spread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions in Burundi created hundreds of thousands of refugees and left tens of thousands dead. Although some refugees have returned from neighboring countries, continued ethnic strife has forced many others to flee. Burundian troops, seeking to secure their borders, have intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Birth rate 17.92 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 40.13 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$220.1 million

expenditures:
$286.4 million, including capital expenditures of $86.6 million (1998)
revenues:
$125 million

expenditures:
$176 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital Georgetown Bujumbura
Climate tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January) equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to August and December to January
Coastline 459 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 6 October 1980 13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two vice presidents
Country name conventional long form:
Co-operative Republic of Guyana

conventional short form:
Guyana

former:
British Guiana
conventional long form:
Republic of Burundi

conventional short form:
Burundi

local long form:
Republika y'u Burundi

local short form:
Burundi

former:
Urundi
Currency Guyanese dollar (GYD) Burundi franc (BIF)
Death rate 8.87 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 16.36 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.1 billion (2000) $1.12 billion (1999 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Ronald D. GODARD

embassy:
100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown

mailing address:
P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown

telephone:
[592] (2) 54900 through 54909, 57960 through 57969

FAX:
[592] (2) 58497
chief of mission:
Ambassador Mary Carlin YATES

embassy:
Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura

mailing address:
B. P. 1720, Bujumbura

telephone:
[257] 223454

FAX:
[257] 222926
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Dr. Ali Odeen ISHMAEL

chancery:
2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-6900

consulate(s) general:
New York
chief of mission:
Ambassador Thomas NDIKUMANA

chancery:
Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 342-2574

FAX:
[1] (202) 342-2578
Disputes - international all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) claimed by Venezuela; Suriname claims area between New (Upper Courantyne) and Courantyne/Kutari [Koetari] rivers (all headwaters of the Courantyne) none
Economic aid - recipient $84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative (HIPC) $253 million (1997) $1.344 billion (1999 est.)
Economy - overview Severe drought and political turmoil contributed to Guyana's negative growth of -1.8% for 1998 following six straight years of growth of 5% or better. Growth came back to a positive 1.8% in 1999 and 3% in 2000. Underlying growth factors have included expansion in the key agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiative, a more realistic exchange rate, a moderate inflation rate, and continued support by international organizations. President JAGDEO, the former finance minister, is taking steps to reform the economy, including drafting an investment code and restructuring the inefficient and unresponsive public sector. Problems include a shortage of skilled labor and a deficient infrastructure. The government must persist in efforts to manage its sizable external debt and attract new investment. Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Its economic health depends on the coffee crop, which accounts for 80% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports therefore rests largely on the vagaries of the climate and the international coffee market. Since October 1993 the nation has suffered from massive ethnic-based violence which has resulted in the death of perhaps 250,000 persons and the displacement of about 800,000 others. Only one in four children go to school, and one in nine adults has HIV/AIDS. Foods, medicines, and electricity remain in short supply.
Electricity - consumption 423.2 million kWh (1999) 160.1 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 29 million kWh

note:
supplied by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1999)
Electricity - production 455 million kWh (1999) 141 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
98.9%

hydro:
1.1%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
0.71%

hydro:
99.29%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Roraima 2,835 m
lowest point:
Lake Tanganyika 772 m

highest point:
Mount Heha 2,670 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals; deforestation soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups East Indian 49%, black 32%, mixed 12%, Amerindian 6%, white and Chinese 1% Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000
Exchange rates Guyanese dollars per US dollar - 184.1 (November 2000), 182.2 (2000), 178.0 (1999), 150.5 (1998), 142.4 (1997), 140.4 (1996) Burundi francs per US dollar - 782.36 (January 2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56 (1999), 477.77 (1998), 352.35 (1997), 302.75 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President JAGAN

head of government:
Prime Minister Samuel HINDS (since NA December 1997)

cabinet:
Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature

elections:
president elected by the majority party in the National Assembly following legislative elections, which must be held at least every five years; elections last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held NA); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
President Bharrat JAGDEO reelected; percent of legislative vote - NA%
chief of state:
President Pierre BUYOYA (interim president since 27 September 1996, officially sworn in 11 June 1998), First Vice President Frederic BAMVUGINYUMVIRA (since NA June 1998), Second Vice President Mathias SINAMENYE (since NA June 1998); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Pierre BUYOYA (interim president since 27 September 1996, officially sworn in 11 June 1998), First Vice President Frederic BAMVUGINYUMVIRA (since NA June 1998), Second Vice President Mathias SINAMENYE (since NA June 1998); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by president

elections:
NA; current president assumed power following a coup on 25 July 1996 in which former President NTIBANTUNGANYA was overthrown
Exports $570 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $32 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities sugar, gold, bauxite/alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, rum, timber coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides
Exports - partners US 22%, Canada 22%, UK 18%, Netherlands Antilles 11%, Jamaica (1999) Germany 17%, Belgium 14%, US 8%, France 6%, Switzerland 4% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow, black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border between the yellow and the green divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below)
GDP purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $4.4 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
34.7%

industry:
32.5%

services:
32.8% (1998 est.)
agriculture:
50%

industry:
18%

services:
32% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $720 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) 1.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 5 00 N, 59 00 W 3 30 S, 30 00 E
Geography - note - landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed
Highways total:
7,970 km

paved:
590 km

unpaved:
7,380 km (1996)
total:
14,480 km

paved:
1,028 km

unpaved:
13,452 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
3.4%

highest 10%:
26.6% (1992)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis -
Imports $660 million (c.i.f., 2000 est.) $110 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs
Imports - partners US 29%, Trinidad and Tobago 18%, Netherlands Antilles 16%, UK 7%, Japan (1999) Belgium 20%, Zambia 11%, Kenya 8%, South Africa 5%, France 4% (1999)
Independence 26 May 1966 (from UK) 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)
Industrial production growth rate 7.1% (1997 est.) 6.3% (1999 est.)
Industries bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, fishing (shrimp), textiles, gold mining light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing
Infant mortality rate 38.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 70.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.9% (2000 est.) 22% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 3 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 1,300 sq km (1993 est.) 140 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Judicature; Judicial Court of Appeal; High Court Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local tribunals)
Labor force 245,492 (1992) 1.9 million
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% NA
Land boundaries total:
2,462 km

border countries:
Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
total:
974 km

border countries:
Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km
Land use arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
84%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land:
44%

permanent crops:
9%

permanent pastures:
36%

forests and woodland:
3%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
Languages English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area)
Legal system based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (65 seats, 53 elected by popular vote, 10 elected by the ten Regional Democratic Councils, and 2 elected by the National Congress of Local Democratic Organs; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPP/C 34, PNC 27, GAP and WPA 2, ROAR 1, TUF 1
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (121 seats; note - new Transitional Constitution expanded the number of seats from 81 to 121 in 1998; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 29 June 1993 (next was scheduled to be held in 1998, but suspended by presidential decree in 1996)

election results:
percent of vote by party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA 21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party - FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16, various other parties 40
Life expectancy at birth total population:
63.31 years

male:
60.52 years

female:
66.24 years (2001 est.)
total population:
46.06 years

male:
45.15 years

female:
46.99 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
98.1%

male:
98.6%

female:
97.5% (1995 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
35.3%

male:
49.3%

female:
22.5% (1995 est.)
Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo
Map references South America Africa
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200 NM or to the outer edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,929 GRT/4,507 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2 (2000 est.)
-
Military branches Guyana Defense Force (GDF; includes Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air Corps), Guyana People's Militia (GPM), Guyana National Service (GNS), Guyana Police Force Army (includes naval and air units), paramilitary Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure $7 million (FY94) $57 million (FY97)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.7% (FY94) 6.1% (FY97)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
204,938 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
1,394,273 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
154,259 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
728,326 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 16 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
79,360 (2001 est.)
National holiday Republic Day, 23 February (1970) Independence Day, 1 July (1962)
Nationality noun:
Guyanese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Guyanese
noun:
Burundian(s)

adjective:
Burundi
Natural hazards flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons flooding, landslides, drought
Natural resources bauxite, gold, diamonds, hardwood timber, shrimp, fish nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not yet exploited), vanadium, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate -8.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party or GLP and Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARINE]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [leader NA]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP [leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Hugh Desmond HOYTE]; People's Progressive Party or PPP [Janet JAGEN]; Rise, Organize and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPARNINE] Two national, mainstream governing parties are: Unity for National Progress or UPRONA [Luc RUKINGAMA, president]; Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean MINANI, president]

note:
A multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are: Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation or ABASA [Terrence NSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development or RADDES [Joseph NZENZIMANA]; Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]; People's Reconciliation Party or PRP [Mathias HITIMANA]
Political pressure groups and leaders Civil Liberties Action Committee or CLAC; Guyana Council of Indian Organizations or GCIO; Rise, Organize and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; Trades Union Congress or TUC

note:
the GCIO and the CLAC are small and active but not well organized
Loosely organized Tutsi militias, often affiliated with Tutsi extremist parties
Population 697,181

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
6,223,897

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 36.2% (1990 est.)
Population growth rate 0.07% (2001 est.) 2.38% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bartica, Georgetown, Linden, New Amsterdam, Parika Bujumbura
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 420,000 (1997) 440,000 (1997)
Railways total:
187 km (all dedicated to ore transport)

standard gauge:
139 km 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge:
48 km 0.914-m gauge
0 km
Religions Christian 50%, Hindu 33%, Muslim 9%, other 8% Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.81 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system general assessment:
fair system for long-distance calling

domestic:
microwave radio relay network for trunk lines

international:
tropospheric scatter to Trinidad; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
primitive system

domestic:
sparse system of open wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 70,000 (2000) 16,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 6,100 (2000) 619 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997) 1 (1999)
Terrain mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains
Total fertility rate 2.1 children born/woman (2001 est.) 6.16 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 12% (1992 est.) NA%
Waterways 5,900 km (total length of navigable waterways)

note:
Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km, respectively
Lake Tanganyika
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