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Compare Grenada (2001) - Mali (2008)

Compare Grenada (2001) z Mali (2008)

 Grenada (2001)Mali (2008)
 GrenadaMali
Administrative divisions 6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou and Petit Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick 8 regions (regions, singular - region); Gao, Kayes, Kidal, Koulikoro, Mopti, Segou, Sikasso, Tombouctou
Age structure 0-14 years:
37.05% (male 16,739; female 16,318)

15-64 years:
59.03% (male 27,850; female 24,820)

65 years and over:
3.92% (male 1,592; female 1,908) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 48.2% (male 2,921,914/female 2,853,976)


15-64 years: 48.8% (male 2,891,494/female 2,959,142)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 149,301/female 219,575) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, citrus, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, vegetables cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats
Airports 3 (2000 est.) 29 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 8


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 21


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 8 (2007)
Area total:
340 sq km

land:
340 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 1.24 million sq km


land: 1.22 million sq km


water: 20,000 sq km
Area - comparative twice the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Background One of the smallest independent countries in the western hemisphere, Grenada was seized by a Marxist military council on 19 October 1983. Six days later the island was invaded by US forces and those of six other Caribbean nations, which quickly captured the ringleaders and their hundreds of Cuban advisers. Free elections were reinstituted the following year. The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 by a military coup - led by the current president Amadou TOURE - enabling Mali's emergence as one of the strongest democracies on the continent. President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first democratic presidential election in 1992 and was reelected in 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, KONARE stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE, who was subsequently elected to a second term in 2007. The elections were widely judged to be free and fair.
Birth rate 23.12 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 49.61 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$85.8 million

expenditures:
$102.1 million, including capital expenditures of $28 million (1997)
revenues: $764 million


expenditures: $828 million (2002 est.)
Capital Saint George's name: Bamako


geographic coordinates: 12 39 N, 8 00 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy, humid, and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to February)
Coastline 121 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 19 December 1973 adopted 12 January 1992
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Grenada
conventional long form: Republic of Mali


conventional short form: Mali


local long form: Republique de Mali


local short form: Mali


former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) -
Death rate 7.82 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 16.51 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $182.8 million (1998) $2.8 billion (2002)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
the ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Grenada

embassy:
Point Salines, Saint George's

mailing address:
P. O. Box 54, Saint George's, Grenada, West Indies

telephone:
[1] (473) 444-1173 through 1176

FAX:
[1] (473) 444-4820
chief of mission: Ambassador Terrence P. MCCULLEY


embassy: located just off the Roi Bin Fahad Aziz Bridge just west of the Bamako central district


mailing address: ACI 2000, Rue 243, Porte 297, Bamako


telephone: [223] 270-2300


FAX: [223] 270-2479
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Denis G. ANTOINE

chancery:
1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-2561

consulate(s) general:
New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Abdoulaye DIOP


chancery: 2130 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 332-2249, 939-8950


FAX: [1] (202) 332-6603
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $8.3 million (1995) $691.5 million (2005)
Economy - overview In this island economy progress in fiscal reforms and prudent macroeconomic management have kept annual growth steady since 1998. The increase in economic activity has been led by construction and trade. Tourist facilities are being expanded; tourism is the leading foreign exchange earner. Major short-term concerns are the rising fiscal deficit and the deterioration in the external account balance. Grenada shares a common central bank and a common currency with seven other members of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). Mali is among the poorest countries in the world, with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert and with a highly unequal distribution of income. Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger. About 10% of the population is nomadic and some 80% of the labor force is engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. Mali is heavily dependent on foreign aid and vulnerable to fluctuations in world prices for cotton, its main export, along with gold. The government has continued its successful implementation of an IMF-recommended structural adjustment program that is helping the economy grow, diversify, and attract foreign investment. Mali's adherence to economic reform and the 50% devaluation of the CFA franc in January 1994 have pushed up economic growth to a 5% average in 1996-2007. Worker remittances and external trade routes for the landlocked country have been jeopardized by continued unrest in neighboring Cote d'Ivoire.
Electricity - consumption 111.6 million kWh (1999) 412.9 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh; note - recent hydropower developments may be providing electricity to Senegal and Mauritania (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 120 million kWh (1999) 444 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Saint Catherine 840 m
lowest point: Senegal River 23 m


highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups black 82% some South Asians (East Indians) and Europeans, trace Arawak/Carib Amerindian Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 493.51 (2007), 522.59 (2006), 527.47 (2005), 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Daniel WILLIAMS (since 9 August 1996)

head of government:
Prime Minister Keith MITCHELL (since 22 June 1995)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; prime minister appointed by the governor general from among the members of the House of Assembly
chief of state: President Amadou Toumani TOURE (since 8 June 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Modibo SIDIBE (since 28 September 2007)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 29 April 2007 (next to be held April in 2012); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Amadou Toumani TOURE reelected president; percent of vote - Amadou Toumani TOURE 71.2%, Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA 19.2%, other 9.6%
Exports $62.3 million (2000 est.) 0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, fruit and vegetables, clothing, mace cotton, gold, livestock
Exports - partners Caricom 32.3%, UK 20%, US 13%, Netherlands 8.8% (1991) China 26.8%, Germany 24.9%, Thailand 7.1%, Taiwan 4.9%, Bangladesh 4% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side), with a red border around the flag; there are seven yellow, five-pointed stars with three centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border, and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven stars represent the seven administrative divisions three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP purchasing power parity - $394 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
9.7%

industry:
15%

services:
75.3% (1996 est.)
agriculture: 45%


industry: 17%


services: 38% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,400 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 7% (2000 est.) 4.3% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 07 N, 61 40 W 17 00 N, 4 00 W
Geography - note the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan
Highways total:
1,040 km

paved:
638 km

unpaved:
402 km (1996)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 2.4%


highest 10%: 30.2% (2001)
Illicit drugs small-scale cannabis cultivation; lesser transshipment point for marijuana and cocaine to US -
Imports $217.5 million (2000 est.) 4,369 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities food, manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel (1989) petroleum, machinery and equipment, construction materials, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners US 31.2%, Caricom 23.6%, UK 13.8%, Japan 7.1% (1991) France 12.8%, Senegal 12.2%, Cote d'Ivoire 10.5% (2006)
Independence 7 February 1974 (from UK) 22 September 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate 0.7% (1997 est.) NA%
Industries food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations, tourism, construction food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining
Infant mortality rate 14.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 105.65 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 115.29 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 95.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2000 est.) 4.5% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 14 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 2,360 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch West Indies Associate States Supreme Court (an associate judge resides in Grenada) Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Labor force 42,300 (1996) 3.93 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services 62%, agriculture 24%, industry 14% (1999 est.) agriculture: 80%


industry and services: 20% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 7,243 km


border countries: Algeria 1,376 km, Burkina Faso 1,000 km, Guinea 858 km, Cote d'Ivoire 532 km, Mauritania 2,237 km, Niger 821 km, Senegal 419 km
Land use arable land:
15%

permanent crops:
18%

permanent pastures:
3%

forests and woodland:
9%

other:
55% (1993 est.)
arable land: 3.76%


permanent crops: 0.03%


other: 96.21% (2005)
Languages English (official), French patois French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
Legal system based on English common law based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (a 13-member body, 10 appointed by the government and three by the leader of the opposition) and the House of Representatives (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held on 18 January 1999 (next to be held by NA October 2004)

election results:
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NNP 14, GULP 1
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 1 and 22 July 2007 (next to be held in July 2012)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ADP coalition 113 (including ADEMA 51, URD 34, MPR 8, CNID 7, UDD 3, and other 10), FDR coalition 15 (including RPM 11, PARENA 4), SADI 4, independent 15
Life expectancy at birth total population:
64.52 years

male:
62.74 years

female:
66.31 years (2001 est.)
total population: 49.51 years


male: 47.6 years


female: 51.46 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
98%

female:
98% (1970 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 46.4%


male: 53.5%


female: 39.6% (2003 est.)
Location Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago Western Africa, southwest of Algeria
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military branches Royal Grenada Police Force (includes Special Service Unit), Coast Guard Malian Armed Forces: Army, Republic of Mali Air Force (Force Aerienne de la Republique du Mali, FARM), National Guard (2007)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 1.9% (2006)
National holiday Independence Day, 7 February (1974) Independence Day, 22 September (1960)
Nationality noun:
Grenadian(s)

adjective:
Grenadian
noun: Malian(s)


adjective: Malian
Natural hazards lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding
Natural resources timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors gold, phosphates, kaolin, salt, limestone, uranium, gypsum, granite, hydropower


note: bauxite, iron ore, manganese, tin, and copper deposits are known but not exploited
Net migration rate -15.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -6.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Herbert PREUDHOMME]; National Democratic Congress or NDC [leader vacant]; New National Party or NNP [George McGUIRE] Alliance for Democratic Change (political group comprised mainly of Tuareg from Mali's northern region); African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence or SADI [Oumar MARIKO, secretary general]; Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP (a coalition of political parties including ADEMA and URD formed in December 2006 to support the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE); Alliance for Democracy or ADEMA [Diounconda TRAORE]; Convergence 2007 [Soumeylou Boubeye MAIGA]; Front for Democracy and the Republic or FDR (a coalition of political parties including RPM and PARENA formed to oppose the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE); National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Me Idrissa TRAORE]; Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]; Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel MAIGA]; Rally for Democracy and Labor or RDT; Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA]; Sudanese Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Bamou TOURE]; Union for Democracy and Development or UDD [Moussa Balla COULIBALY]; Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Soumaila CISSE]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 89,227 (July 2001 est.) 11,995,402 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 64% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate -0.06% (2001 est.) 2.681% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Grenville, Saint George's -
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 230 (27 regional and government stations, and 203 private stations), shortwave 1 (2001)
Radios 57,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km total: 729 km


narrow gauge: 729 km 1.000-m gauge (2006)
Religions Roman Catholic 53%, Anglican 13.8%, other Protestant 33.2% Muslim 90%, Christian 1%, indigenous beliefs 9%
Sex ratio at birth:
1 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.12 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.83 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.024 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.977 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female


total population: 0.988 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
automatic, islandwide telephone system

domestic:
interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links

international:
new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service


domestic: fixed-line availability is gradually increasing, but subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 13 per 100 persons


international: country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 27,000 (1997) 82,500 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 976 (1997) 1.513 million (2006)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1997) 2 (plus repeaters) (2007)
Terrain volcanic in origin with central mountains mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast
Total fertility rate 2.54 children born/woman (2001 est.) 7.38 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 15% (1997) 14.6% (2001 est.)
Waterways none 1,800 km (2007)
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