Compare Gibraltar (2008) - Aruba (2007)

Compare Gibraltar (2008) z Aruba (2007)

	Gibraltar (2008)	Aruba (2007)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Age structure	0-14 years: 17.2% (male 2,460/female 2,343) 15-64 years: 66.3% (male 9,470/female 9,070) 65 years and over: 16.5% (male 2,090/female 2,534) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 19.7% (male 9,943/female 9,761) 15-64 years: 70.2% (male 33,553/female 36,661) 65 years and over: 10.1% (male 4,046/female 6,054) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	none	aloes; livestock; fish
Airports	1 (2007)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Area	total: 6.5 sq km land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 193 sq km land: 193 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	a little less than one half the size of Rhode Island	slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background	Strategically important, Gibraltar was reluctantly ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In a referendum held in 1967, Gibraltarians voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency. The subsequent granting of autonomy in 1969 by the UK led to Spain closing the border and severing all communication links. A series of talks were held by the UK and Spain between 1997 and 2002 on establishing temporary joint sovereignty over Gibraltar. In response to these talks, the Gibraltar Government called a referendum in late 2002 in which the majority of citizens voted overwhelmingly against any sharing of sovereignty with Spain. Since the referendum, tripartite talks on other issues have been held with Spain, the UK, and Gibraltar, and in September 2006 a three-way agreement was signed. Spain agreed to remove restrictions on air movements, to speed up customs procedures, to implement international telephone dialing, and to allow mobile roaming agreements. Britain agreed to pay increased pensions to Spaniards who had been employed in Gibraltar before the border closed. Spain will be allowed to open a cultural institute from which the Spanish flag will fly. A new non-colonial constitution came into effect in 2007, but the UK retains responsibility for defense, foreign relations, internal security, and financial stability.	Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. The island's economy has been dominated by three main industries. A 19th century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening in 1924 of an oil refinery. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990.
Birth rate	10.69 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	12.83 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $455.1 million expenditures: $423.6 million (2005 est.)	revenues: $507.9 million expenditures: $577.9 million (2005 est.)
Capital	name: Gibraltar geographic coordinates: 36 08 N, 5 21 W time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	name: Oranjestad geographic coordinates: 12 31 N, 70 02 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers	tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	12 km	68.5 km
Constitution	5 June 2006; came into force 2 January 2007	1 January 1986
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gibraltar	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Aruba
Death rate	9.4 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	7.61 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$478.6 million (2005 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	member country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	the US does not have an embassy in Aruba; the Consul General to Netherlands Antilles is accredited to Aruba
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands); note - Mr. Henry BAARH, Minister Plenipotentiary for Aruba at the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Disputes - international	in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement; the government of Gibraltar insists on equal participation in talks between the UK and Spain; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar even greater autonomy	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$11.3 million (2004)
Economy - overview	Self-sufficient Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 7% to the local economy, compared with 60% in 1984. The financial sector, tourism (almost 5 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. The financial sector, the shipping sector, and tourism each contribute 25%-30% of GDP. Telecommunications accounts for another 10%. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment.	Tourism is the mainstay of the small, open Aruban economy, with offshore banking and oil refining and storage also important. The rapid growth of the tourism sector over the last decade has resulted in a substantial expansion of other activities. Over 1.5 million tourists per year visit Aruba, with 75% of those from the US. Construction continues to boom, with hotel capacity five times the 1985 level. In addition, the country's oil refinery reopened in 1993, providing a major source of employment, foreign exchange earnings, and growth. Tourist arrivals have rebounded strongly following a dip after the 11 September 2001 attacks. The island experiences only a brief low season, and hotel occupancy in 2004 averaged 80%, compared to 68% throughout the rest of the Caribbean. The government has made cutting the budget and trade deficits a high priority.
Electricity - consumption	141 million kWh (2005)	716.1 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	141 million kWh (2005)	770 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Jamanota 188 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant	NA
Ethnic groups	Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, German, North Africans	mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%, other 20%
Exchange rates	Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.4993 (2007), 0.5434 (2006), 0.5504 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003) note: the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound	Aruban guilders/florins per US dollar - 1.79 (2006), 1.79 (2005), 1.79 (2004), 1.79 (2003), 1.79 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Sir Robert FULTON (since 27 October 2006) head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 17 elected members of the Parliament by the governor in consultation with the chief minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor	chief of state: Queen BEATRIX of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980); represented by Governor General Fredis REFUNJOL (since 11 May 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Nelson O. ODUBER (since 30 October 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the Staten elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed for a six-year term by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by the Staten for four-year terms; election last held in 2005 (next to be held by 2009) election results: Nelson O. ODUBER elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA
Exports	0 bbl/day (2004)	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%	live animals and animal products, art and collectibles, machinery and electrical equipment, transport equipment
Exports - partners	UK 30.8%, Spain 22.7%, Germany 13.7%, Turkmenistan 10.4%, Switzerland 8.3%, Italy 6.7% (2006)	Netherlands 27.7%, Panama 25.5%, Colombia 12.8%, Venezuela 11.1%, US 9.4%, Netherlands Antilles 7.1% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	calendar year
Flag description	two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band	blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 0.4% industry: 33.3% services: 66.3% (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	7% (2005 est.)	2.4% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	36 08 N, 5 21 W	12 30 N, 69 58 W
Geography - note	strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea	a flat, riverless island renowned for its white sand beaches; its tropical climate is moderated by constant trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean; the temperature is almost constant at about 27 degrees Celsius (81 degrees Fahrenheit)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transit point for US- and Europe-bound narcotics with some accompanying money-laundering activity; relatively high percentage of population consumes cocaine
Imports	24,350 bbl/day (2004)	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs	machinery and electrical equipment, crude oil for refining and reexport, chemicals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners	Spain 23.4%, Russia 12.3%, Italy 12%, UK 9%, France 8.9%, Netherlands 6.8%, US 4.7% (2006)	US 53.6%, Netherlands 12.9%, UK 3.6% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco	tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining
Infant mortality rate	total: 4.98 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.54 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 14.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.59 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.9% (2005)	3.4% (2005)
International organization participation	Interpol (subbureau), UPU	Caricom (observer), ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITUC, UNESCO (associate), UNWTO (associate), UPU, WCL, WMO
Irrigated land	NA	0.01 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal	Common Court of Justice of Aruba (judges are appointed by the monarch)
Labor force	12,690 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (2001)	41,500 (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: negligible industry: 40% services: 60% (2001)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA% note: most employment is in wholesale and retail trade and repair, followed by hotels and restaurants; oil refining
Land boundaries	total: 1.2 km border countries: Spain 1.2 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 10.53% permanent crops: 0% other: 89.47% (2005)
Languages	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese	Papiamento (a Spanish-Portuguese-Dutch-English dialect) 66.3%, Spanish 12.6%, English (widely spoken) 7.7%, Dutch (official) 5.8%, other 2.2%, unspecified or unknown 5.3% (2000 census)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament (18 seats: 17 members elected by popular vote, 1 for the Speaker appointed by Parliament; to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 11 October 2007 (next to be held not later than October 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 49.3%, GSLP 31.8%, Gibraltar Liberal Party 13.6%; seats by party - GSD 10, GSLP 4, Gibraltar Liberal Party 3	unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 23 September 2005 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - MEP 43%, AVP 32%, MPA 7%, RED 7%, PDR 6%, OLA 4%, PPA 2%; seats by party - MEP 11, AVP 8, MPA 1, RED 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79.93 years male: 77.05 years female: 82.96 years (2007 est.)	total population: 74.83 years male: 71.8 years female: 77.91 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: above 80% male: NA female: NA	definition: NA total population: 97.3% male: 97.5% female: 97.1% (2000 census)
Location	Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela
Map references	Europe	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm
Merchant marine	total: 216 ships (1000 GRT or over) 1,422,155 GRT/1,866,572 DWT by type: barge carrier 2, bulk carrier 5, cargo 117, chemical tanker 39, container 31, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 13, roll on/roll off 7, specialized tanker 1 foreign-owned: 201 (Belgium 3, Cyprus 5, Denmark 9, Finland 3, France 1, Germany 117, Greece 8, Iceland 1, Italy 1, Netherlands 11, Norway 27, Sweden 10, UAE 2, UK 3) registered in other countries: 7 (Liberia 7) (2007)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the Royal Gibraltar Regiment replaced the last British regular infantry forces in 1992	defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Military branches	Royal Gibraltar Regiment	no regular indigenous military forces; the Netherlands maintains a detachment of marines, a frigate, and an amphibious combat detachment in the neighboring Netherlands Antilles (2005)
National holiday	National Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain	Flag Day, 18 March (1976)
Nationality	noun: Gibraltarian(s) adjective: Gibraltar	noun: Aruban(s) adjective: Aruban; Dutch
Natural hazards	NA	lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt
Natural resources	none	NEGL; white sandy beaches
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	10 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]	Aliansa/Aruban Social Movement or MSA [Robert WEVER]; Aruban Liberal Organization or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic Movement or MPA [Monica ARENDS-KOCK]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET]; Aruban People's Party or AVP [Mike EMAN]; People's Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson O. ODUBER]; Real Democracy or PDR [Andin BIKKER]; RED [Rudy LAMPE]; Workers Political Platform or PTT [Gregorio WOLFF]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association	NA
Population	27,967 (July 2007 est.)	100,018 note: estimate based on a revision of the base population, fertility, and mortality numbers, as well as a revision of 1985-1999 migration estimates from outmigration to inmigration, which is assumed to continue into the future; the new results are consistent with the 2000 census (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.129% (2007 est.)	1.522% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 16, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions	Roman Catholic 78.1%, Church of England 7%, other Christian 3.2%, Muslim 4%, Jewish 2.1%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 0.9%, none 2.9% (2001 census)	Roman Catholic 82%, Protestant 8%, other (includes Hindu, Muslim, Confucian, Jewish) 10%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.044 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.825 male(s)/female total population: 1.005 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.019 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.915 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.668 male(s)/female total population: 0.906 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal; and British citizens who have been residents six months or more	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: country code - 350; radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: modern fully automatic telecommunications system domestic: increased competition through privatization; 3 wireless service providers are now licensed international: country code - 297; landing site for the PAN-AM submarine telecommunications cable system that extends from the US Virgin Islands through Aruba to Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and the west coast of South America; extensive interisland microwave radio relay links (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use	24,512 (2002)	38,300 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	9,797 (2002)	108,200 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	1 (plus 3 repeaters) (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar	flat with a few hills; scant vegetation
Total fertility rate	1.65 children born/woman (2007 est.)	1.85 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	3% (2005 est.)	6.9% (2005 est.)

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