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Compare Georgia (2001) - Nauru (2002)

Compare Georgia (2001) z Nauru (2002)

 Georgia (2001)Nauru (2002)
 GeorgiaNauru
Administrative divisions 53 rayons (raionebi, singular - raioni), 9 cities* (k'alak'ebi, singular - k'alak'i), and 2 autonomous republics** (avtomnoy respubliki, singular - avtom respublika); Abashis, Abkhazia or Ap'khazet'is Avtonomiuri Respublika** (Sokhumi), Adigenis, Ajaria or Acharis Avtonomiuri Respublika** (Bat'umi), Akhalgoris, Akhalk'alak'is, Akhalts'ikhis, Akhmetis, Ambrolauris, Aspindzis, Baghdat'is, Bolnisis, Borjomis, Chiat'ura*, Ch'khorotsqus, Ch'okhatauris, Dedop'listsqaros, Dmanisis, Dushet'is, Gardabanis, Gori*, Goris, Gurjaanis, Javis, K'arelis, Kaspis, Kharagaulis, Khashuris, Khobis, Khonis, K'ut'aisi*, Lagodekhis, Lanch'khut'is, Lentekhis, Marneulis, Martvilis, Mestiis, Mts'khet'is, Ninotsmindis, Onis, Ozurget'is, P'ot'i*, Qazbegis, Qvarlis, Rust'avi*, Sach'kheris, Sagarejos, Samtrediis, Senakis, Sighnaghis, T'bilisi*, T'elavis, T'erjolis, T'et'ritsqaros, T'ianet'is, Tqibuli*, Ts'ageris, Tsalenjikhis, Tsalkis, Tsqaltubo*, Vanis, Zestap'onis, Zugdidi*, Zugdidis

note:
administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.59% (male 498,575; female 478,663)

15-64 years:
67.91% (male 1,632,338; female 1,755,910)

65 years and over:
12.5% (male 241,824; female 381,975) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 39.6% (male 2,515; female 2,366)


15-64 years: 58.7% (male 3,578; female 3,656)


65 years and over: 1.7% (male 108; female 106) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products citrus, grapes, tea, vegetables, potatoes; livestock coconuts
Airports 31 (2000 est.) 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
16

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
15

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
6 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
69,700 sq km

land:
69,700 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 21 sq km


land: 21 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Carolina about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR until the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. Russian troops remain garrisoned at four military bases and as peacekeepers in the separatist regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia (but are scheduled to withdraw from two of the bases by July 2001). Despite a badly degraded transportation network - brought on by ethnic conflict, criminal activities, and fuel shortages - the country continues to move toward a market economy and greater integration with Western institutions. Nauru's phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium; the island was occupied by Australian forces in World War I. Nauru achieved independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999. Nauru is the world's smallest independent republic.
Birth rate 11.18 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 26.6 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$437 million

expenditures:
$626 million, including capital expenditures of $60 million (1999)
revenues: $23.4 million


expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96)
Capital T'bilisi no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Climate warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)
Coastline 310 km 30 km
Constitution adopted 17 October 1995 29 January 1968
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Georgia

local long form:
none

local short form:
Sak'art'velo

former:
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form: Republic of Nauru


conventional short form: Nauru


former: Pleasant Island
Currency lari (GEL) Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate 14.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.06 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $1.9 billion (2000) $33.3 million
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Kenneth S. YALOWITZ

embassy:
#25 Antoneli Street, T'bilisi 380026

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
[995] (32) 989-967/68

FAX:
[995] (32) 933-759
the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Tedo JAPARIDZE

chancery:
Suite 300, 1615 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-2390

FAX:
[1] (202) 393-4537
Nauru does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a UN office at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, New York 10017; telephone: (212) 937-0074


consulate(s): Hagatna (Guam)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $212.7 million (1995) $2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.)
Economy - overview Georgia's economy has traditionally revolved around Black Sea tourism; cultivation of citrus fruits, tea, and grapes; mining of manganese and copper; and output of a small industrial sector producing wine, metals, machinery, chemicals, and textiles. The country imports the bulk of its energy needs, including natural gas and oil products. Its only sizable internal energy resource is hydropower. Despite the severe damage the economy has suffered due to civil strife, Georgia, with the help of the IMF and World Bank, has made substantial economic gains since 1995, increasing GDP growth and slashing inflation. The Georgian economy continues to experience large budget deficits due to a failure to collect tax revenues. Georgia also still suffers from energy shortages; it privatized the distribution network in 1998, and deliveries are steadily improving. The country is pinning its hopes for long-term recovery on the development of an international transportation corridor through the key Black Sea ports of P'ot'i and Bat'umi. The growing trade deficit, continuing problems with tax evasion and corruption, and political uncertainties cloud the short-term economic picture. Revenues of this tiny island have come from exports of phosphates, but reserves are expected to be exhausted within a few years. Phosphate production has declined since 1989, as demand has fallen in traditional markets and as the marginal cost of extracting the remaining phosphate increases, making it less internationally competitive. While phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income have been invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. The government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. To cut costs the government has called for a freeze on wages, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates. In recent years Nauru has encouraged the registration of offshore banks and corporations. Tens of billions of dollars have been channeled through their accounts. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's per capita GDP varying widely.
Electricity - consumption 7.117 billion kWh (1999) 27.9 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 850 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 550 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 7.975 billion kWh (1999) 30 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
20.38%

hydro:
79.62%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mt'a Mqinvartsveri (Gora Kazbek) 5,048 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
Environment - current issues air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy pollution of Mtkvari River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil pollution from toxic chemicals limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Georgian 70.1%, Armenian 8.1%, Russian 6.3%, Azeri 5.7%, Ossetian 3%, Abkhaz 1.8%, other 5% Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%
Exchange rates lari per US dollar - 1.9798 (December 2000), 1.9762 (2000), 2.0245 (1999), 1.3898 (1998), 1.2975 (1997), 1.2628 (1996) Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002) 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Eduard Amvrosiyevich SHEVARDNADZE (previously elected chairman of the Government Council 10 March 1992; Council has since been disbanded; previously elected chairman of Parliament 11 October 1992; president since 26 November 1995); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Eduard Amvrosiyevich SHEVARDNADZE (previously elected chairman of the Government Council 10 March 1992; Council has since been disbanded; previously elected chairman of Parliament 11 October 1992; president since 26 November 1995); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet of Ministers

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA 2005)

election results:
Eduard SHEVARDNADZE reelected president; percent of vote - Eduard SHEVARDNADZE 80%
chief of state: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: Acting President Derog GIOURA (since 10 March 2003) following death of President Bernard DOWIYOGO note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament


elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 8 March 2003 (next to be held NA 2004); following Rene HARRIS' resignation, Bernard DOWIYOGO was elected president


election results: Rene HARRIS elected president; percent of Parliamentary vote - NA%; replaced by Bernard DOWIYOGO 9 January 2003 following a no-confidence vote; HARRIS reinstated 17 January 2003, then gives up presidency 18 January and DOWIYOGO is elected president; DOWIYOGO dies 10 March 2003; with 9 votes over 8 for Kinza CLODUMAR, Derog GIOURA was named acting president
Exports $372 million (2000 est.) $25.3 million f.o.b. (1991)
Exports - commodities citrus fruits, tea, wine, other agricultural products; diverse types of machinery and metals; chemicals; fuel reexports; textiles phosphates
Exports - partners Russia 19%, Turkey 16%, Azerbaijan 8%, Armenia 6% (1999) NZ, Australia, South Korea, US (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description maroon field with small rectangle in upper hoist side corner; rectangle divided horizontally with black on top, white below blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru
GDP purchasing power parity - $22.8 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $60 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
32%

industry:
23%

services:
45% (1999 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,600 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.9% (2000 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 42 00 N, 43 30 E 0 32 S, 166 55 E
Geography - note - Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator
Highways total:
33,900 km

paved:
29,500 km (these roads are said to be hard-surfaced, and include, in addition to conventionally paved roads, some that are surfaced with gravel or other coarse aggregate, making them trafficable in all weather)

unpaved:
4,400 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1990)
total: 30 km


paved: 24 km


unpaved: 6 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs limited cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for domestic consumption; used as transshipment point for opiates via Central Asia to Western Europe and Russia broad-based money-laundering center
Imports $898 million (2000 est.) $21.1 million c.i.f. (1991)
Imports - commodities fuel, grain and other foods, machinery and parts, transport equipment food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery
Imports - partners EU 22%, Russia 19%, Turkey 12%, US 12% (1999) Australia, US, UK, Indonesia, India (2000)
Independence 9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union) 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate -0.3% (1998 est.) NA%
Industries steel, aircraft, machine tools, electric locomotives, trucks, tractors, textiles, shoes, chemicals, wood products, wine phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products
Infant mortality rate 52.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 10.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.1% (2000 est.) -3.6% (1993) (1993)
International organization participation BSEC, CCC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, ICAO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 6 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 4,000 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges elected by the Supreme Council on the president's recommendation); Constitutional Court Supreme Court
Labor force 3.08 million (1997) -
Labor force - by occupation industry 20%, agriculture 40%, services 40% (1999 est.) employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation
Land boundaries total:
1,461 km

border countries:
Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
9%

permanent crops:
4%

permanent pastures:
25%

forests and woodland:
34%

other:
28% (1993 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7%

note:
Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia
Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes
Legal system based on civil law system acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law
Legislative branch unicameral Supreme Council (commonly referred to as Parliament) or Umaghiesi Sabcho (235 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 31 October and 14 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - CUG 41.85%, AGUR 25.65%, IWSG 7.8%, all other parties received less than 7% each; seats by party - CUG 130, AGUR 58, IWSG 15, Abkhaz deputies 12, independents 17, other 3
unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2003)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 18
Life expectancy at birth total population:
64.57 years

male:
61.04 years

female:
68.28 years (2001 est.)
total population: 61.57 years


male: 58.05 years


female: 65.26 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99%

male:
100%

female:
98% (1989 est.)
definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands
Map references Commonwealth of Independent States Oceania
Maritime claims NA contiguous zone: 24 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total:
37 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 131,316 GRT/190,289 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 3, cargo 25, chemical tanker 2, container 2, petroleum tanker 4, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
none (2002 est.)
Military - note a CIS peacekeeping force consisting of Russian troops is deployed in the Abkhazia region of Georgia together with a UN military observer group; a Russian peacekeeping battalion is deployed in South Ossetia Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military branches Ground Forces, Navy, Air Force and Air Defense Forces, National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops) no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $23 million (FY00) $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.59% (FY00) NA%
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,296,199 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 3,103 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,024,574 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 1,710 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
41,561 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 is the date of independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union Independence Day, 31 January (1968)
Nationality noun:
Georgian(s)

adjective:
Georgian
noun: Nauruan(s)


adjective: Nauruan
Natural hazards earthquakes periodic droughts
Natural resources forests, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth phosphates, fish
Net migration rate -2.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 370 km; refined products 300 km; natural gas 440 km (1992) -
Political parties and leaders Citizen's Union of Georgia or CUG [Eduard SHEVARDNADZE]; Georgian United Communist Party or UCPG [Panteleimon GIORGADZE, chairman]; Industry Will Save Georgia or IWSG [Georgi TOPADZE]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Irina SARISHVILI-CHANTURIA]; Socialist Party or SPG [Temur GAMTSEMLIDZE]; Union for "Revival" Party or AGUR [Alsan ABASHIDZE]; United Republican Party or URP [Nodar NATADZE, chairman] loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal) [Bernard DOWIYOGO]
Political pressure groups and leaders Georgian refugees from Abkhazia (Abkhaz faction in Georgian Parliament); separatist elements in the breakaway region of Abkhazia; supporters of the late ousted President Zviad GAMSAKHURDYA remain a source of opposition NA
Population 4,989,285 (July 2001 est.) 12,329 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line 60% (1999 est.) NA%
Population growth rate -0.59% (2001 est.) 1.96% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Bat'umi, P'ot'i, Sokhumi Nauru
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 12, shortwave 4 (1998) AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 3.02 million (1997) 7,000 (1997)
Railways total:
1,583 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines

broad gauge:
1,583 km 1.520-m gauge (1993)
total: 5 km


note: gauge unknown; used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast (2001)
Religions Georgian Orthodox 65%, Muslim 11%, Russian Orthodox 10%, Armenian Apostolic 8%, unknown 6% Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.63 male(s)/female

total population:
0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.02 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
local - T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi have cellular telephone networks; urban telephone density is about 20 per 100 people; rural telephone density is about 4 per 100 people; intercity facilities include a fiber-optic line between T'bilisi and K'ut'aisi; nationwide pager service is available

international:
Georgia and Russia are working on a fiber-optic line between P'ot'i and Sochi (Russia); present international service is available by microwave, landline, and satellite through the Moscow switch; international electronic mail and telex service are available
general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 620,000 (1997) 2,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular 30,000 (1997) 450 (1994)
Television broadcast stations 12 (plus repeaters) (1998) 1 (1997)
Terrain largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhet'is Dablobi (Kolkhida Lowland) opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center
Total fertility rate 1.45 children born/woman (2001 est.) 3.5 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 14.9% (1999 est.) 0%
Waterways none none
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