Compare Burundi (2005) - Kiribati (2005)

Compare Burundi (2005) z Kiribati (2005)

	Burundi (2005)	Kiribati (2005)

Administrative divisions	16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi	3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 46% (male 1,479,941/female 1,450,808) 15-64 years: 51.3% (male 1,617,864/female 1,653,331) 65 years and over: 2.6% (male 66,199/female 102,466) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 38.9% (male 20,342/female 19,806) 15-64 years: 57.7% (male 29,362/female 30,136) 65 years and over: 3.3% (male 1,477/female 1,969) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides	copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish
Airports	8 (2004 est.)	20 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)	total: 17 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 27,830 sq km land: 25,650 sq km water: 2,180 sq km	total: 811 sq km land: 811 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Maryland	four times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only one hundred days in office. Since then, some 200,000 Burundians have perished in widespread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. Hundreds of thousands have been internally displaced or have become refugees in neighboring countries. Burundi troops, seeking to secure their borders, briefly intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1998. A new transitional government, inaugurated on 1 November 2001, signed a power-sharing agreement with the largest rebel faction in December 2003 and set in place a provisional constitution in October 2004. Implementation of the agreement has been problematic, however, as one remaining rebel group refuses to sign on and elections have been repeatedly delayed, clouding prospects for a sustainable peace.	The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati.
Birth rate	39.66 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	30.86 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $152.5 million expenditures: $187.7 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)	revenues: $28.4 million expenditures: $37.2 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
Capital	Bujumbura	Tarawa
Climate	equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to August and December to January	tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	1,143 km
Constitution	13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 20 October 2004 by a provisional constitution approved by the parliament which extended the transition; a 28 February 2005 popular referendum ratified the new constitution which set ethnic quotas for government positions, and tentatively scheduled general elections for April 2005	12 July 1979
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Burundi conventional short form: Burundi local long form: Republika y'u Burundi local short form: Burundi former: Urundi	conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati conventional short form: Kiribati note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss former: Gilbert Islands
Death rate	17.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	8.37 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$1.133 billion (2002)	$10 million (1999 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador James Howard YELLIN embassy: Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura mailing address: B. P. 1720, Bujumbura telephone: [257] 223454 FAX: [257] 222926	the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Antoine NTAMOBWA chancery: Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 342-2574 FAX: [1] (202) 342-2578	Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu
Disputes - international	Tutsi, Hutu, other conflicting ethnic groups, associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda in an effort to gain control over populated and natural resource areas; government heads pledge to end conflict, but localized violence continues despite the presence of about 6,000 peacekeepers from the UN Operation in Burundi (ONUB) since 2004; although some 150,000 Burundian refugees have been repatriated, as of February 2005, Burundian refugees still reside in camps in western Tanzania as well as the Democratic Republic of the Congo	none
Economic aid - recipient	$92.7 million (2000)	$15.5 million largely from UK and Japan (2001 est.)
Economy - overview	Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Economic growth depends on coffee and tea exports, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports, therefore, rests primarily on weather conditions and international coffee and tea prices. The Tutsi minority, 14% of the population, dominates the government and the coffee trade at the expense of the Hutu majority, 85% of the population. Since October 1993 an ethnic-based war has resulted in more than 200,000 deaths, forced 450,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 140,000 others internally. Doubts about the prospects for sustainable peace continue to impede development. Only one in two children go to school, and approximately one in ten adults has HIV/AIDS. Food, medicine, and electricity remain in short supply.	A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few natural resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. The financial sector is at an early stage of development as is the expansion of private sector initiatives. Foreign financial aid from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China equals 25%-50% of GDP. Remittances from workers abroad account for more than $5 million each year.
Electricity - consumption	137.8 million kWh (2002)	6.51 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	15 million kWh; note - supplied by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2002)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	132 million kWh (2002)	7 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m highest point: Heha 2,670 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
Environment - current issues	soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations	heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000	Micronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	Burundi francs per US dollar - 1,100.91 (2004), 1,082.62 (2003), 930.75 (2002), 830.35 (2001), 720.67 (2000)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Frederic NGENZEBUHORO (since 11 November 2004) head of government: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Frederic NGENZEBUHORO (since 11 November 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president elections: NA; current president assumed power on 30 April 2003 as part of the transitional government established by the 2000 Arusha Accord; note - next presidential election is scheduled for 22 April 2005	chief of state: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: 12-member Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among its members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 4 July 2003 (next to be held not later than July 2007); vice president appointed by the president election results: Anote TONG 47.4%, Harry TONG 43.5%, Banuera BERINA 9.1%
Exports	NA	NA
Exports - commodities	coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides	copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish
Exports - partners	Germany 19.6%, Belgium 8.2%, Pakistan 6.7%, US 5.6%, Rwanda 5.6%, Thailand 5.4% (2004)	France 45.7%, Japan 29.2%, US 9.1%, Thailand 5.4% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	NA
Flag description	divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below)	the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 48.1% industry: 19% services: 32.9% (2004 est.)	agriculture: 30% industry: 7% services: 63% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $600 (2004 est.)	purchasing power parity - $800 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3% (2004 est.)	1.5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	3 30 S, 30 00 E	1 25 N, 173 00 E
Geography - note	landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile	21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru
Highways	total: 14,480 km paved: 1,028 km unpaved: 13,452 km (1999 est.)	total: 670 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1.8% highest 10%: 32.9% (1998)	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	NA	NA
Imports - commodities	capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs	foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel
Imports - partners	Kenya 13.7%, Tanzania 11.2%, US 8.9%, Belgium 8.5%, France 8.4%, Italy 6%, Uganda 5.6%, Japan 4.6%, Germany 4.5% (2004)	Australia 33.6%, Fiji 29.8%, Japan 10.3%, New Zealand 6.9%, France 4.1% (2004)
Independence	1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)	12 July 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	18% (2001)	0.7% (1991 est.)
Industries	light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing	fishing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: 69.29 deaths/1,000 live births male: 75.87 deaths/1,000 live births female: 62.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: 48.52 deaths/1,000 live births male: 53.64 deaths/1,000 live births female: 43.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	8.5% (2004 est.)	2.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, CEPGL, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO	ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land	740 sq km (1998 est.)	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local tribunals)	Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president
Labor force	2.99 million (2002)	7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 93.6%, industry 2.3%, services 4.1% (2002 est.)	-
Land boundaries	total: 974 km border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 35.05% permanent crops: 14.02% other: 50.93% (2001)	arable land: 2.74% permanent crops: 50.68% other: 46.58% (2001)
Languages	Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area)	I-Kiribati, English (official)
Legal system	based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	NA
Legislative branch	bicameral, consists of a National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (expanded from 121 to approximately 140 seats under the transitional government inaugurated 1 November 2001; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and a Senate (54 seats; term length is undefined, the current senators will likely serve out the three-year transition period) elections: last held 29 June 1993 (next was scheduled to be held in 1998, but was suspended by presidential decree in 1996; elections are currently planned to be held by April 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA 21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party - FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16, civilians 27, other parties 13	unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (42 seats; 39 elected by popular vote, one ex officio member - the attorney general, one appointed to represent Banaba, and one other; members serve four-year terms) elections: first round elections last held 29 November 2002; second round elections held 6 December 2002 (next to be held by November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - BTK 17, MTM 16, independents 7, other 2 (includes attorney general) note: legislative elections were held in two rounds - the first round on 9 May 2003 and the second round on 14 May 2003
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 50.29 years male: 49.61 years female: 50.99 years (2005 est.)	total population: 61.71 years male: 58.71 years female: 64.86 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 51.6% male: 58.5% female: 45.2% (2003 est.)	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo	Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (GMT +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line
Map references	Africa	Oceania
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,291 GRT/1,295 DWT by type: passenger/cargo 1 (2005)
Military - note	-	Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ
Military branches	National Defense Force (Forces de Defense Nationales, FDN): Army (includes Naval Detachment and Air Wing), National Gendarmerie (2005)	no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$38.7 million (2004)	NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	6% (2004)	NA
National holiday	Independence Day, 1 July (1962)	Independence Day, 12 July (1979)
Nationality	noun: Burundian(s) adjective: Burundian	noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural) adjective: I-Kiribati
Natural hazards	flooding, landslides, drought	typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources	nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum, vanadium, arable land, hydropower, niobium, tantalum, gold, tin, tungsten, kaolin, limestone	phosphate (production discontinued in 1979)
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	the three national, mainstream, governing parties are: Unity for National Progress or UPRONA [Jean-Baptiste MANWANGARI, secretary general]; Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean MINANI, president]; National Council for the Defense of Democracy, Front for the Defense of Democracy of CNDD-FDD [Pierre NKURUNZIZA, president] note: a multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are: National Resistance Movement for the Rehabilitation of the Citizen or MRC-Rurenzangemero [Epitace BANYAGANAKANDI]; Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]	Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP [leader NA]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG] note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
Political pressure groups and leaders	loosely organized Hutu and Tutsi militias, often affiliated with Hutu and Tutsi extremist parties or subordinate to government security forces	NA
Population	6,370,609 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)	103,092 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	68% (2002 est.)	NA
Population growth rate	2.22% (2005 est.)	2.25% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Bujumbura	Betio
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 note: the shortwave station may be inactive (2002)
Religions	Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10%	Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, some Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, and Church of God (1999)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	NA years of age; universal adult	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: primitive system domestic: sparse system of open-wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay international: country code - 257; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	general assessment: generally good quality national and international service domestic: wire line service available on Tarawa and Kiritimati; connections to outer islands by HF/VHF radiotelephone; wireless service available in Tarawa since 1999 international: country code - 686; Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	23,900 (2003)	4,500 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	64,000 (2003)	500 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2001)	1 (not reported to be active) (2002)
Terrain	hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains	mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Total fertility rate	5.81 children born/woman (2005 est.)	4.2 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA	2%; underemployment 70% (1992 est.)
Waterways	mainly on Lake Tanganyika (2004)	5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2003)

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