Uzbekistan (2002)
Uzbekistan - wybierz rok:
Porownaj z innymi popularnymi panstwami
Uzbekistan 2002 roku
 | Uzbekistan (2001) (porownaj) |
 | Uzbekistan (2003) (porownaj) |
 | Uzbekistan (2004) (porownaj) |
 | Uzbekistan (2005) (porownaj) |
 | Uzbekistan (2006) (porownaj) |
 | Uzbekistan (2007) (porownaj) |
| Uzbekistan (2008) (porownaj) |
Porownaj z innymi popularnymi panstwami
Uzbekistan 2002 roku
 | |
| Podzial administracyjny | 12 provinces (viloyatlar, singular - viloyat), 1 autonomous republic* (respublika), and 1 city** (shahar); Andijon Viloyati, Buxoro Viloyati, Farg'ona Viloyati, Jizzax Viloyati, Namangan Viloyati, Navoiy Viloyati, Qashqadaryo Viloyati (Qarshi), Qaraqalpog'iston Respublikasi* (Nukus), Samarqand Viloyati, Sirdaryo Viloyati (Guliston), Surxondaryo Viloyati (Termiz), Toshkent Shahri**, Toshkent Viloyati, Xorazm Viloyati (Urganch)
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following w parentheses) |
| Struktura wiekowa | 0-14 years: 35.5% (male 4,617,110; female 4,457,065)
15-64 years: 59.8% (male 7,567,510; female 7,726,753) 65 years and over: 4.7% (male 482,137; female 712,866) (2002 est.) |
| Rolinictwo | cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock |
| Lotniska | 267 (2001) |
| Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami | total: 10
over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2002) |
| Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami | total: 257
over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 11 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 222 (2002) |
| Terytorium | total: 447,400 sq km
land: 425,400 sq km water: 22,000 sq km |
| Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci | slightly larger than California |
| Tlo historyczne | Rosja conquered Uzbekistan w the late 19th century. Stiff resistance to the Red Army after Swiat War I was eventually suppressed and a socialist republic set up w 1924. During the Soviet era, intensive production of "white gold" (cotton) and grain led to overuse of agrochemicals and the depletion of water supplies, which have left the land poisoned and the Aral Sea and certain rivers half dry. Independent since 1991, the country seeks to gradually lessen its dependence on agriculture while developing its mineral and petroleum reserves. Current concerns include insurgency by Islamic militants based w Tadzykistan and Afganistan, a nonconvertible currency, and the curtailment of human rights and democratization. |
| Wspolczynnik narodzin | 26.09 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budzet | revenues: $4 billion
expenditures: $4.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) |
| Stolica | Tashkent (Toshkent) |
| Klimat | mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland w east |
| Linia brzegowa | 0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea z a 420 km shoreline |
| Konstytucja | new constitution adopted 8 grudzien 1992 |
| Nazwa panstwa | conventional long form: Republic of Uzbekistan
conventional short form: Uzbekistan local long form: Ozbekiston Respublikasi local short form: Ozbekiston former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic |
| Waluta | Uzbekistani sum (UZS) |
| Wspolczynnik zgonow | 7.98 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne | $5.1 billion (2001 est.) |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA | chief of mission: Ambassador John Edward HERBST
embassy: 82 Chilanzarskaya, Tashkent 700115 mailing address: use embassy street address; US Embassy Tashkent, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7110 telephone: [998] (71) 120-5450 FAX: [998] (71) 120-6335 |
| Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA | chief of mission: Ambassador Shavkat HAMRAKULOV
chancery: 1746 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 887-5300 FAX: [1] (202) 293-6804 consulate(s) general: New York |
| Miedzynarodowe dyskusje | dispute over access to Sokh and other Uzbek enclaves w Kirgistan mars progress on international boundary delimitation; Kazachstan, Tadzykistan, Turkmenistan, Kirgistan, and Uzbekistan wrestle z sharing limited water resources; Kazachstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan contend z the regional environmental degradation caused by the shrinking Aral Sea; the border z Kirgistan and Tadzykistan is mined w certain sections, continuing to cause civilian casualties |
| Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie | approximately $150 million from the US (2001) |
| Ekonomia | Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives w densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second largest cotton exporter, a large producer of gold and oil, and a regionally significant producer of chemicals and machinery. Following independence w grudzien 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy z subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. The state continues to be a dominating influence w the economy and has so far failed to bring about much-needed structural changes. The IMF suspended Uzbekistan's $185 million standby arrangement w late 1996 because of governmental steps that made impossible fulfillment of Fund conditions. Uzbekistan has responded to the negative external conditions generated by the Asian and Rosjan financial crises by emphasizing import substitute industrialization and by tightening export and currency controls within its already largely closed economy. Economic policies that have repelled foreign investment are a major factor w the economy's stagnation. A growing debt burden, persistent inflation, and a poor business climate led to disappointing growth w 2001. However, w grudzien 2001 the government voiced a renewed interest w economic reform, seeking advice from the IMF and other financial institutions. |
| Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja | 41.89 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - eksport | 4.1 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - import | 5 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - produkcja | 44.075 billion kWh (2000) |
| Elektrycznosc - zrodla energii | fossil fuel: 87%
hydro: 13% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Skrajne punkty wysokosci | lowest point: Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m
highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m |
| Srodowisko - obecne problemy | shrinkage of the Aral Sea is resulting w growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then blown from the increasingly exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification; water pollution from industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of many human health disorders; increasing soil salination; soil contamination from buried nuclear processing and agricultural chemicals, including DDT |
| Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy | party to: Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Klimat Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Grupy etniczne | Uzbek 80%, Rosjan 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.) |
| Kurs waluty | Uzbekistani sums per US dollar - 687.0 (styczen 2002), 325.0 (styczen 2001), 141.4 (styczen 2000), 111.9 (luty 1999), 110.95 (grudzien 1998), 75.8 (wrzesien 1997) |
| Wladza wykonawcza | chief of state: President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 marzec 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet)
head of government: Prime Minister Otkir SULTONOV (since 21 grudzien 1995) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president z approval of the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote dla a seven-year term (previously was a five-year term, extended by constitutional ammendment w 2002); election last held 9 styczen 2000 (next to be held NA 2007); prime minister and deputy ministers appointed by the president election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 91.9%, Abdulkhafiz JALALOV 4.2% |
| Eksport | 4.1 billion kWh (2000) |
| Eksport | $2.8 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Eksport - towary | cotton 41.5%, gold 9.6%, energy products 9.6%, mineral fertilizers, ferrous metals, textiles, food products, automobiles (1998 est.) |
| Eksport - partnerzy | Rosja 16.7%, Szwajcaria 8.3%, UK 7.2%, Ukraina 4.7%, South Korea 3.3%, Kazachstan 3.1% (2000) |
| Rok podatkowy | rok kalendarzowy |
| Opis flagi | three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and green separated by red fimbriations z a white crescent moon and 12 white stars w the upper hoist-side quadrant |
| Produkt krajowy brutto | purchasing power parity - $62 billion (2001 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu | agriculture: 33%
industry: 24% services: 43% (2000 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - per capita | purchasing power parity - $2,500 (2001 est.) |
| Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu | 3% (2001 est.) |
| Koordynaty geograficzne | 41 00 N, 64 00 E |
| Polozenie geograficzne | along z Liechtenstein, one of the only two doubly landlocked countries w the world |
| Autostrady | total: 81,600 km
paved: 71,237 km (includes some all-weather gravel-surfaced roads) unpaved: 10,363 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate w wet weather) (1990) |
| Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego | lowest 10%: 3%
highest 10%: 25% (1993) (1993) |
| Narkotyki | transit country dla Afghan narcotics bound dla Rosjan and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and small amounts of opium poppy dla domestic consumption; poppy cultivation almost wiped out by government crop eradication program; transit point dla heroin precursor chemicals bound dla Afganistan |
| Import | 5 billion kWh (2000) |
| Import | $2.5 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Import - towary | machinery and equipment 49.8%, foodstuffs 16.4%, chemicals, metals (1998 est.) |
| Import - partnerzy | Rosja 15.8%, South Korea 9.8%, US 8.7%, Niemcy 8.6%, Kazachstan 7.3%, Ukraina 6.1% (2002) |
| Niepodleglosc | 1 wrzesien 1991 (from Soviet Union) |
| Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle | 3.5% (2000 est.) |
| Przemysl | textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, natural gas, chemicals |
| Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow | 71.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflacja | 23% (2001 est.) |
| Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji | AsDB, CCC, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) |
| Dostawcy internetu | 42 (2000) |
| Nawadniane tereny | 42,810 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Sadownictwo | Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Supreme Assembly) |
| Sila robocza | 11.9 million (1998 est.) |
| Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki | agriculture 44%, industry 20%, services 36% (1995) (1995) |
| Granica | total: 6,221 km
border countries: Afganistan 137 km, Kazachstan 2,203 km, Kirgistan 1,099 km, Tadzykistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km |
| Zagospodarowanie terenu | arable land: 10.8%
permanent crops: 0.91% other: 88.29% (1998 est.) |
| Jezyki | Uzbek 74.3%, Rosjan 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1% |
| System prawny | evolution of Soviet civil law; still lacks independent judicial system |
| Wladza ustawodawcza | unicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis (250 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - 2002 ammendment to the constitution creates a second chamber to be established via elections w 2004
elections: last held 5 grudzien and 19 grudzien 1999 (next to be held NA grudzien 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NDP 48, Self-Sacrificers Party 34, Fatherland Progress Party 20, Adolat Social Democratic Party 11, MTP 10, citizens' groups 16, local government 110, vacant 1 note: not all seats w the last Supreme Assembly election were contested; all parties w the Supreme Assembly support President KARIMOV |
| Zywotnosc | total population: 63.9 years
male: 60.38 years female: 67.6 years (2002 est.) |
| Pismienni | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (yearend 1996) |
| Lokalizacja | Central Asia, north of Afganistan |
| Lokalizacja na mapie | Asia |
| Morskie obszary | none (doubly landlocked) |
| Wojsko | Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, National Guard, Security Forces (internal security and border troops) |
| Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) | $200 million (FY97) |
| Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) | 2% (FY97) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (w wieku poborowym) | males age 15-49: 6,747,221 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (zdolni do sluzby wojskowej) | males age 15-49: 5,478,766 (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (wiek zolniezy) | 18 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (osoby osiagajace wiek poborowy w ciagu roku) | males: 274,602 (2002 est.) |
| Swieto narodowe | Niepodleglosc Day, 1 wrzesien (1991) |
| Narodowosc | noun: Uzbek(s)
adjective: Uzbek |
| Naturalne zagrozenia | NA |
| Surowce naturalne | natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum |
| Wspolczynnik migracji | -1.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Rurociagi | crude oil 250 km; petroleum products 40 km; natural gas 810 km (1992) |
| Partie polityczne i przywodcy | Adolat (Justice) Social Democratic Party [Anwar JURABAYEV, first secretary]; Democratic National Rebirth Party (Milly Tiklanish) or MTP [Aziz KAYUMOV, chairman]; People's Democratic Party or NDP (formerly Communist Party) [Abdulkhafiz JALOLOV, first secretary]; Self-Sacrificers Party or Fidokorlar National Democratic Party [Ahtam TURSUNOV, first secretary]; note - Fatherland Progress Party merged z Self-Sacrificers Party |
| Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow | Birlik (Unity) Movement [Abdurakhim POLAT, chairman]; Erk (Freedom) Democratic Party [Muhammad SOLIH, chairman] was banned 9 grudzien 1992; Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Abdumannob POLAT, chairman]; Independent Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Mikhail ARDZINOV, chairman]; Ezgulik [Vasilia Inoyatova] |
| Ludnosc | 25,563,441 (lipiec 2002 est.) |
| Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa | NA% |
| Przyrost naturalny | 1.62% (2002 est.) |
| Porty i stocznie | Termiz (Amu Darya) |
| Stacje radiowe | AM 20, FM 7, shortwave 10 (1998) |
| Radia | 10.8 million (1997) |
| Linie kolejowe | total: 3,656 km
broad gauge: 3,656 km 1.520-m gauge (618 km electrified) (2000) |
| Religie | Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3% |
| Wspolczynnik plci | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Prawo wyborcze | 18 years of age; universal |
| System telefoniczny | general assessment: antiquated and inadequate; w serious need of modernization
domestic: the domestic telephone system is being expanded and technologically improved, particularly w Tashkent and Samarqand, under contracts z prominent companies w industrialized countries; moreover, by 1998, six cellular networks had been placed w operation - four of the GSM type (Global System dla Mobile Communication), one D-AMPS type (Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System), and one AMPS type (Advanced Mobile Phone System) international: linked by landline or microwave radio relay z CIS member states and to other countries by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch; after the completion of the Uzbek link to the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic cable, Uzbekistan will be independent of Rosjan facilities dla international communications; Inmarsat also provides an international connection, albeit an expensive one; satellite earth stations - NA (1998) |
| Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne | 1.98 million (1999) |
| Telefony komorkowe | 130,000 (2003) |
| Stacje telewizyjne | 4 (plus two repeaters that relay Rosjan programs), 1 cable rebroadcaster w Tashkent; approximately 20 stations w regional capitals (2003) |
| Uksztaltowanie terenu | mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert z dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Syr Darya (Sirdaryo), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley w east surrounded by mountainous Tadzykistan and Kirgistan; shrinking Aral Sea w west |
| Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety | 3.03 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Wspolczynnik bezrobocia | 10% plus another 20% underemployed (1999 est.) |
| Drogi wodne | 1,100 km (1990) |
Mapa strony:
Wszystkie porownania (mapa serwisu) |
Spis podstron z informacjami na temat panstw
Links: Dodaj do ulubionych | Informacje o tej stronie | Statystyki | Polityka prywatnosci
Ta strona zostala wygenerowana w ciagu 0.27611708 s. Rozmiar tej strony: 54.87 kB.
Links: Dodaj do ulubionych | Informacje o tej stronie | Statystyki | Polityka prywatnosci
Ta strona zostala wygenerowana w ciagu 0.27611708 s. Rozmiar tej strony: 54.87 kB.