Compare Uganda (2003) - Kenya (2002)

Compare Uganda (2003) z Kenya (2002)

	Uganda (2003)	Kenya (2002)

Administrative divisions	56 districts; Adjumani, Apac, Arua, Bugiri, Bundibugyo, Bushenyi, Busia, Gulu, Hoima, Iganga, Jinja, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kalangala, Kampala, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kasese, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kibale, Kiboga, Kisoro, Kitgum, Kotido, Kumi, Kyenjojo, Lira, Luwero, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Mbale, Mbarara, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nakapiripirit, Nakasongola, Nebbi, Ntungamo, Pader, Pallisa, Rakai, Rukungiri, Sembabule, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe	7 provinces and 1 area; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western
Age structure	0-14 years: 50.8% (male 6,528,724; female 6,486,736) 15-64 years: 46.8% (male 5,985,911; female 6,024,798) 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 266,930; female 339,695) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 41.1% (male 6,462,430; female 6,327,457) 15-64 years: 56.1% (male 8,769,546; female 8,694,329) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 385,361; female 499,612) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry, cut flowers	coffee, tea, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables; dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs
Airports	27 (2002)	231 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	total: 19 over 3,047 m: 4 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 10 under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 23 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 7 (2002)	total: 211 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 914 to 1,523 m: 113 under 914 m: 83 (2002)
Area	total: 236,040 sq km land: 199,710 sq km water: 36,330 sq km	total: 582,650 sq km land: 569,250 sq km water: 13,400 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Oregon	slightly more than twice the size of Nevada
Background	Uganda achieved independence from the UK in 1962. The dictatorial regime of Idi AMIN (1971-79) was responsible for the deaths of some 300,000 opponents; guerrilla war and human rights abuses under Milton OBOTE (1980-85) claimed at least another 100,000 lives. During the 1990s, the government promulgated non-party presidential and legislative elections.	Founding president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence until his death in 1978, when current President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession. The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but are viewed as having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. President MOI stepped down in December of 2002 following fair and peaceful elections. Mwai KIBAKI of the Democratic Party of Kenya defeated KANU candidate Uhuru KENYATTA and assumed the presidency following a campaign centered on an anticorruption platform.
Birth rate	46.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	27.61 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $959 million expenditures: $1.04 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $2.91 billion expenditures: $2.97 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) (2000 est.)
Capital	Kampala	Nairobi
Climate	tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast	varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	536 km
Constitution	8 October 1995; adopted by the interim, 284-member Constituent Assembly, charged with debating the draft constitution that had been proposed in May 1993; the Constituent Assembly was dissolved upon the promulgation of the constitution in October 1995	12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Uganda conventional short form: Uganda	conventional long form: Republic of Kenya conventional short form: Kenya former: British East Africa
Currency	Ugandan shilling (UGX)	Kenyan shilling (KES)
Death rate	16.95 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	14.68 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$2.8 billion (2002 est.)	$8 billion (2001 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jimmy KOLKER embassy: 1577 Ggaba Rd., Kampala mailing address: P. O. Box 7007, Kampala telephone: [256] (41) 234-142 FAX: [256] (41) 258-451	chief of mission: Ambassador Johnnie CARSON embassy: US Embassy, P. O. Box 30137 Mombasa Road (near St. James Hospital), Nairobi mailing address: Box 21A, Unit 64100, APO AE 09831 telephone: [254] (2) 537-800 FAX: [254] (2) 537-810
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Edith Grace SSEMPALA chancery: 5911 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011 telephone: [1] (202) 726-7100 through 7102, 0416 FAX: [1] (202) 726-1727	chief of mission: Ambassador Yusuf Abdulraham NZIBO chancery: 2249 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 387-6101 FAX: [1] (202) 462-3829 consulate(s) general: offices in Los Angeles and New York are closed; mission to the UN remains open
Disputes - international	Tutsi, Hutu, and other ethnic groups, associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda to gain control over populated areas and natural resources; government heads pledge to end conflict, but localized violence continues despite UN peacekeeping efforts; conflict in Sudan has extended rebel forces and refugees into Uganda	since colonial times, Kenya's administrative boundary has extended beyond its treaty boundary into Sudan creating the "Ilemi Triangle"; arms smuggling and Oromo rebel activities prompt strict border regime with Somalia
Economic aid - recipient	$1.4 billion (2000)	$457 million (1997) (1997)
Economy - overview	Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986, the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. During 1990-2001, the economy turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, reduced inflation, gradually improved domestic security, and the return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs. Ongoing Ugandan involvement in the war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, corruption within the government, and slippage in the government's determination to press reforms raise doubts about the continuation of strong growth. In 2000, Uganda qualified for enhanced Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief worth $1.3 billion and Paris Club debt relief worth $145 million. These amounts combined with the original HIPC debt relief added up to about $2 billion. Growth for 2001-02 was solid despite continued decline in the price of coffee, Uganda's principal export. Prospects for 2003 are mixed, with probable strengthening of coffee prices yet with halting growth in the economies of major export customers.	Kenya, the regional hub for trade and finance in East Africa, is hampered by corruption and reliance upon several primary goods whose prices continue to decline. Following strong economic growth in 1995 and 1996, Kenya's economy has stagnated, with GDP growth failing to keep up with the rate of population growth. In 1997, the IMF suspended Kenya's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Program due to the government's failure to maintain reforms and curb corruption. A severe drought from 1999 to 2000 compounded Kenya's problems, causing water and energy rationing and reducing agricultural output. As a result, GDP contracted by 0.3% in 2000. The IMF, which had resumed loans in 2000 to help Kenya through the drought, again halted lending in 2001 when the government failed to institute several anticorruption measures. Despite the return of strong rains in 2001, weak commodity prices, endemic corruption, and low investment limited Kenya's economic growth to 1%, and Kenya is unlikely to see growth above 2% in 2002. Substantial IMF and other foreign support is essential to prevent a further decline in real per capita output.
Electricity - consumption	1.62 billion kWh (2001)	4.433 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	174 million kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	1 million kWh (2001)	140 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	1.928 billion kWh (2001)	4.616 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 0.9% hydro: 99.1% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: 22% hydro: 70% nuclear: 0% other: 8% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Lake Albert 621 m highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m
Environment - current issues	draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; poaching is widespread	water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Baganda 17%, Ankole 8%, Basoga 8%, Iteso 8%, Bakiga 7%, Langi 6%, Rwanda 6%, Bagisu 5%, Acholi 4%, Lugbara 4%, Batoro 3%, Bunyoro 3%, Alur 2%, Bagwere 2%, Bakonjo 2%, Jopodhola 2%, Karamojong 2%, Rundi 2%, non-African (European, Asian, Arab) 1%, other 8%	Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1%
Exchange rates	Ugandan shillings per US dollar - 1,797.55 (2002), 1,755.66 (2001), 1,644.48 (2000), 1,454.83 (1999), 1,240.31 (1998)	Kenyan shillings per US dollar - 78.597 (January 2002), 78.563 (2001), 76.176 (2000), 70.326 (1999), 60.367 (1998), 58.732 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 26 January 1986); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 29 January 1986); Prime Minister Apollo NSIBAMBI (since 5 April 1999); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; the prime minister assists the president in the supervision of the cabinet cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected legislators elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 12 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); note - first popular election for president since independence in 1962 was held in 1996; prime minister appointed by the president election results: Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI elected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI 69.3%, Kizza BESIGYE 27.8%	chief of state: President Mwai KIBAKI (since 30 December 2002) and Vice President Michael Kijana WAMALWA (since 3 January 2003) note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Mwai KIBAKI (since 30 December 2002) and Vice President Michael Kijana WAMALWA (since 3 January 2003) note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; in addition to receiving the largest number of votes in absolute terms, the presidential candidate must also win 25% or more of the vote in at least five of Kenya's seven provinces and one area to avoid a runoff; election last held 27 December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2007); vice president appointed by the president election results: President Mwai KIBAKI elected; percent of vote - Mwai KIBAKI 63%, Uhuru KENYATTA 30%
Exports	NA (2001)	$1.8 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	coffee, fish and fish products, tea; gold, cotton, flowers, horticultural products	tea, horticultural products, coffee, petroleum products, fish, cement
Exports - partners	Belgium 16.2%, Netherlands 13.7%, Germany 7.5%, Spain 5.5%, Hong Kong 4.9%, US 4.6%, UK 4.3%, Italy 4.1%, Portugal 4.1% (2002)	UK 13.5%, Tanzania 12.5%, Uganda 12.0%, Germany 5.5% (2000)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the hoist side	three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center
GDP	purchasing power parity - $30.49 billion (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $31 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 43% industry: 19% services: 38% (2001 est.)	agriculture: 24% industry: 13% services: 63% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,200 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5.5% (2002 est.)	1% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	1 00 N, 32 00 E	1 00 N, 38 00 E
Geography - note	landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers	the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers are found on Mount Kenya, Africa's second highest peak; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value
Highways	total: 27,000 km paved: 1,809 km unpaved: 25,191 km (1999 est.)	total: 63,300 km paved: 8,940 km unpaved: 54,360 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 4% highest 10%: 21% (2000)	lowest 10%: 2% highest 10%: 37% (2000)
Illicit drugs	-	widespread harvesting of small plots of marijuana; transit country for South Asian heroin destined for Europe and North America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa; significant potential for money-laundering activity given the country's status as a regional financial center, massive corruption, and relatively high levels of narcotics-associated activities
Imports	NA (2001)	$3.1 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies; cereals	machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products, motor vehicles, iron and steel, resins and plastics
Imports - partners	Kenya 45.3%, South Africa 6.8%, India 5.7%, UK 5.5% (2002)	UK 12%, UAE 9.8%, Japan 6.5%, India 4.4% (2000)
Independence	9 October 1962 (from UK)	12 December 1963 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	6.3% (2002 est.)	-0.7% (2001 est.)
Industries	sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement	small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural products processing; oil refining, cement; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 87.9 deaths/1,000 live births male: 95.41 deaths/1,000 live births female: 80.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	67.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	0.1% (2002 est.)	3.3% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, AfDB, C, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNU, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	65 (2001)
Irrigated land	90 sq km (1998 est.)	670 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the president and approved by the legislature); High Court (judges are appointed by the president)	Court of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president); High Court
Labor force	12 million (2001 est.)	10 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 82%, industry 5%, services 13% (1999 est.)	agriculture 75%-80%
Land boundaries	total: 2,698 km border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 765 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km	total: 3,477 km border countries: Ethiopia 861 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km, Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km
Land use	arable land: 25.34% permanent crops: 8.77% other: 65.89% (1998 est.)	arable land: 7.03% permanent crops: 0.91% other: 92.06% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic	English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages
Legal system	in 1995, the government restored the legal system to one based on English common law and customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	based on Kenyan statutory law, Kenyan and English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in 1991
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly (303 members - 214 directly elected by popular vote, 81 nominated by legally established special interest groups [women 56, army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5], 8 ex officio members; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 26 June 2001 (next to be held May or June 2006); election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - election campaigning by party was not permitted	unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (224 seats; 210 members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms, 12 so-called "nominated" members who are appointed by the president but selected by the parties in proportion to their parliamentary vote totals, 2 ex-officio members) elections: last held 27 December 2002 (next to be held by early 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NARC 125, KANU 64, FORD-P 14, other 7; ex-officio 2; seats appointed by the president - NARC 7, KANU 4, FORD-P 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 44.88 years male: 43.42 years female: 46.38 years (2003 est.)	total population: 47.02 years male: 46.2 years female: 47.85 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 69.9% male: 79.5% female: 60.4% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 78.1% male: 86.3% female: 70% (1995 est.)
Location	Eastern Africa, west of Kenya	Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania
Map references	Africa	Africa
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 5,091 GRT/8,229 DWT ships by type: roll on/roll off 3 note: these ships are in cargo and passenger (ferry) service on Uganda's inland waterways (2002 est.)	total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,893 GRT/6,320 DWT ships by type: petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Ugandan Peoples' Defense Force (including Army, Marine unit, Air Wing)	Army, Navy, Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$124.7 million (FY02)	$179.2 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	2.1% (FY02)	1.8% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 5,476,612 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 7,938,865 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 2,974,259 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 4,915,090 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 9 October (1962)	Independence Day, 12 December (1963)
Nationality	noun: Ugandan(s) adjective: Ugandan	noun: Kenyan(s) adjective: Kenyan
Natural hazards	NA	recurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons
Natural resources	copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land	gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife, hydropower
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: according to the UNHCR, by the end of 2001, Uganda was host to 178,815 refugees from a number of neighboring countries, including: Sudan 155,996, Rwanda 14,375, and Democratic Republic of the Congo 7,459 (2003 est.)	-1.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: according to UNHCR, by the end of 2001 Kenya was host to 220,000 refugees from neighboring countries, including: Somalia 145,000 and Sudan 68,000 (2002 est.)
Pipelines	-	petroleum products 483 km
Political parties and leaders	only one political organization, the Movement (formerly the NRM)[President MUSEVENI, chairman] is allowed to operate unfettered; note - the president maintains that the Movement is not a political party, but a mass organization, which claims the loyalty of all Ugandans note: the constitution requires the suspension of political parties while the Movement organization is in governance; of the political parties that exist but are prohibited from sponsoring candidates, the most important are the Ugandan People's Congress or UPC [Milton OBOTE]; Democratic Party or DP [Paul SSEMOGERERE]; Conservative Party or CP [Ken LUKYAMUZI]; Justice Forum [Muhammad Kibirige MAYANJA]; and National Democrats Forum [Chapaa KARUHANGA]	Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-People [Kimaniwa NYOIKE, chairman]; Kenya African National Union or KANU [Uhuru KENYATTA]; National Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Mwai KIBAKI] - the governing party
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	human rights groups; labor unions; Muslim organizations; National Convention Executive Council or NCEC, a proreform coalition of political parties and nongovernment organizations [Kivutha KIBWANA]; Protestant National Council of Churches of Kenya or NCCK [Mutava MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other Christian churches; Supreme Council of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh Abdul Gafur al-BUSAIDY, chairman]
Population	25,632,794 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)	31,138,735 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	35% (2001 est.)	50% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate	2.96% (2003 est.)	1.15% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell	Kisumu, Lamu, Mombasa
Radio broadcast stations	AM 7, FM 33, shortwave 2 (2001)	AM 24, FM 18, shortwave 6 (2001)
Radios	-	3.07 million (1997)
Railways	total: 1,241 km narrow gauge: 1,241 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)	total: 2,778 km narrow gauge: 2,778 km 1.000-m gauge note: the line connecting Nairobi with the port of Mombasa is the most important in the country
Religions	Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18%	Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 33%, indigenous beliefs 10%, Muslim 10%, other 2% note: a large majority of Kenyans are Christian, but estimates for the percentage of the population that adheres to Islam or indigenous beliefs vary widely
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: seriously inadequate; two cellular systems have been introduced, but a sharp increase in the number of main lines is essential; e-mail and Internet services are available domestic: intercity traffic by wire, microwave radio relay, and radiotelephone communication stations, fixed and mobile cellular systems for short-range traffic international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat; analog links to Kenya and Tanzania	general assessment: unreliable; little attempt to modernize except for service to business domestic: trunks are primarily microwave radio relay; business data commonly transferred by a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat
Telephones - main lines in use	50,074; however, 80,868 main lines have been installed (1998)	310,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	9,000 (1998)	540,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	8 (plus one low-power repeater) (2001)	8 (2002)
Terrain	mostly plateau with rim of mountains	low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west
Total fertility rate	6.72 children born/woman (2003 est.)	3.34 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	40% (2001 est.)
Waterways	Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, Lake George, Lake Edward, Victoria Nile, Albert Nile	NA note: part of the Lake Victoria system is within the boundaries of Kenya

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