Compare Svalbard (2006) - Jersey (2007)

Compare Svalbard (2006) z Jersey (2007)

	Svalbard (2006)	Jersey (2007)

Administrative divisions	-	none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 12 parishes including Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Quen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, and Trinity
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 16.9% (male 8,003/female 7,428) 15-64 years: 67.3% (male 30,586/female 30,853) 65 years and over: 15.8% (male 6,388/female 8,063) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products
Airports	4 (2006)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2006)	-
Area	total: 61,020 sq km land: 61,020 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)	total: 116 sq km land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than West Virginia	about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC
Background	First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.	Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. Jersey is a British crown dependency, but is not part of the UK. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	9.02 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $11.5 million expenditures: $11.5 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)	revenues: $829 million expenditures: $851 million (2005)
Capital	name: Longyearbyen geographic coordinates: 78 13 N, 15 33 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	name: Saint Helier geographic coordinates: 49 11 N, 2 06 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year	temperate; mild winters and cool summers
Coastline	3,587 km	70 km
Constitution	-	unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)	conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey conventional short form: Jersey
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	9.32 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway	British crown dependency
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (British crown dependency)
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	none (British crown dependency)
Disputes - international	despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone	none
Economic aid - recipient	$8.2 million from Norway (1998)	-
Economy - overview	Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gives the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox.	Jersey's economy is based on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. In 2005 the finance sector accounted for about 50% of the island's output. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. Tourism accounts for one-quarter of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. Living standards come close to those of the UK.
Electricity - consumption	-	630.1 million kWh (2004 est.)
Electricity - imports	-	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 143 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)	Jersey 51.1%, Britons 34.8%, Irish, French, and other white 6.6%, Portuguese/Madeiran 6.4%, other 1.1% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 6.4425 (2005), 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001)	Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.5418 (2006), 0.5493 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002) note: the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991) head of government: Governor Odd Olsen INGERO (since 8 June 2001) and Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since NA) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Lieutenant Governor Andrew RIDGEWAY (since 14 June 2006) head of government: Chief Minister Frank WALKER (since December 2005); Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since February 1995) cabinet: Cabinet (since December 2005) elections: ministers of the Cabinet including the chief minister are elected by the Assembly of States; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
Exports	$NA	$NA
Exports - commodities	-	light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles
Exports - partners	-	UK (2006)
Fiscal year	-	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of Norway is used	white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield with the three lions of England in yellow
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 1% industry: 2% services: 97% (2005)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	78 00 N, 20 00 E	49 15 N, 2 10 W
Geography - note	northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area; site of future seed repository under construction by the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Norwegian Government	largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$NA	$NA
Imports - commodities	-	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners	-	UK (2006)
Independence	none (territory of Norway)	none (British crown dependency)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 5.08 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	3.7% (December 2006)
International organization participation	none	-
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	-	Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff)
Labor force	NA	53,560 (June 2006)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	Norwegian, Russian	English 94.5% (official), Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census)
Legal system	NA	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply and local statutes; justice is administered by the Royal Court
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Assembly of the States of Jersey (58 seats; 55 are voting members, of which 12 are senators elected for six-year terms, 12 are constables or heads of parishes elected for three-year terms, 29 are deputies elected for three-year terms, the bailiff and the deputy bailiff, and 3 non-voting members includes the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General appointed by the monarch) elections: last held 19 October 2005 for senators and 23 November 2005 for deputies (next to be held in 2008) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 55
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 79.51 years male: 77.02 years female: 82.2 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway	Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France
Map references	Arctic Region	Europe
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 4 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
Military - note	demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$5.501 billion	-
National holiday	-	Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
Nationality	-	noun: Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander
Natural hazards	ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic	NA
Natural resources	coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish	arable land
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	2.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	two declared parties: Centre Party; Jersey Democratic Alliance note: all senators and deputies elected in 2005 were independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	none
Population	2,701 (July 2006 est.)	91,321 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.02% (2006 est.)	0.244% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)	AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	-	Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.077 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.991 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.792 male(s)/female total population: 0.971 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: probably adequate domestic: local telephone service international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: submarine cable connectivity to Guernsey and UK
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	73,900 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	83,900 (2004)
Television broadcast stations	NA	2 (1997)
Terrain	wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts	gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast
Total fertility rate	NA	1.58 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	2.2% (2006 est.)

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