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Compare Senegal (2001) - Uzbekistan (2008)

Compare Senegal (2001) z Uzbekistan (2008)

 Senegal (2001)Uzbekistan (2008)
 SenegalUzbekistan
Administrative divisions 10 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor 12 provinces (viloyatlar, singular - viloyat), 1 autonomous republic* (respublika), and 1 city** (shahar); Andijon Viloyati, Buxoro Viloyati, Farg'ona Viloyati, Jizzax Viloyati, Namangan Viloyati, Navoiy Viloyati, Qashqadaryo Viloyati (Qarshi), Qoraqalpog'iston Respublikasi* (Nukus), Samarqand Viloyati, Sirdaryo Viloyati (Guliston), Surxondaryo Viloyati (Termiz), Toshkent Shahri**, Toshkent Viloyati, Xorazm Viloyati (Urganch)


note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Age structure 0-14 years:
44.07% (male 2,279,996; female 2,252,255)

15-64 years:
52.88% (male 2,603,829; female 2,834,328)

65 years and over:
3.05% (male 155,877; female 158,644) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 32.4% (male 4,587,338/female 4,416,014)


15-64 years: 62.8% (male 8,636,226/female 8,817,633)


65 years and over: 4.8% (male 543,417/female 779,431) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock
Airports 20 (2000 est.) 54 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
10

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
7

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 33


over 3,047 m: 6


2,438 to 3,047 m: 13


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 5


under 914 m: 4 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
5

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 21


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


under 914 m: 19 (2007)
Area total:
196,190 sq km

land:
192,000 sq km

water:
4,190 sq km
total: 447,400 sq km


land: 425,400 sq km


water: 22,000 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Dakota slightly larger than California
Background Independent from France in 1960, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group sporadically has clashed with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping. Russia conquered Uzbekistan in the late 19th century. Stiff resistance to the Red Army after World War I was eventually suppressed and a socialist republic set up in 1924. During the Soviet era, intensive production of "white gold" (cotton) and grain led to overuse of agrochemicals and the depletion of water supplies, which have left the land poisoned and the Aral Sea and certain rivers half dry. Independent since 1991, the country seeks to gradually lessen its dependence on agriculture while developing its mineral and petroleum reserves. Current concerns include terrorism by Islamic militants, economic stagnation, and the curtailment of human rights and democratization.
Birth rate 37.46 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 26.46 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$885 million

expenditures:
$885 million, including capital expenditures of $125 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $6.584 billion


expenditures: $6.652 billion (2007 est.)
Capital Dakar name: Tashkent (Toshkent)


geographic coordinates: 41 20 N, 69 18 E


time difference: UTC+5 (10 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east
Coastline 531 km 0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline
Constitution 3 March 1963, revised 1991 adopted 8 December 1992
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Senegal

conventional short form:
Senegal

local long form:
Republique du Senegal

local short form:
Senegal
conventional long form: Republic of Uzbekistan


conventional short form: Uzbekistan


local long form: Ozbekiston Respublikasi


local short form: Ozbekiston


former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
Currency Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States -
Death rate 8.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.73 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $4.1 billion (1998 est.) $5.398 billion (31 December 2007 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Harriet L. ELAM-THOMAS

embassy:
Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar

mailing address:
B. P. 49, Dakar

telephone:
[221] 823-4296, 823-7384

FAX:
[221] 822-2991
chief of mission: Ambassador Richard B. NORLAND


embassy: 3 Moyqo'rq'on, 5th Block, Yunusobod District, Tashkent 100093


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [998] (71) 120-5450


FAX: [998] (71) 120-6335
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Mamadou Mansour SECK

chancery:
2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 234-0540
chief of mission: Ambassador Abdulaziz KAMILOV


chancery: 1746 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 887-5300


FAX: [1] (202) 293-6804


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international none prolonged drought and cotton monoculture in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan creates water-sharing difficulties for Amu Darya river states; field demarcation of the boundaries with Kazakhstan commenced in 2004; border delimitation of 130 km of border with Kyrgyzstan is hampered by serious disputes around enclaves and other areas
Economic aid - recipient $647.5 million (1995) $172.3 million from the US (2005)
Economy - overview In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which is linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging 5% annually in 1995-99. Annual inflation has been pushed down to 2%, and the fiscal deficit has been cut to less than 1.5% of GDP. Investment rose steadily from 13.8% of GDP in 1993 to 16.5% in 1997. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff. Senegal also realized full Internet connectivity in 1996, creating a miniboom in information technology-based services. Private activity now accounts for 82% of GDP. On the negative side, Senegal faces deep-seated urban problems of chronic unemployment, juvenile delinquency, and drug addiction. Real GDP growth is expected to rise above 6%, while inflation is likely to hold at 2% in 2001-02. Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest cotton exporter and fifth largest producer; it relies heavily on cotton production as the major source of export earnings. Other major export earners include gold, natural gas, and oil. Following independence in September 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. While aware of the need to improve the investment climate, the government still sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, its control over business decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income distribution has hurt the lower ranks of society since independence. In 2003, the government accepted Article VIII obligations under the IMF, providing for full currency convertibility. However, strict currency controls and tightening of borders have lessened the effects of convertibility and have also led to some shortages that have further stifled economic activity. The Central Bank often delays or restricts convertibility, especially for consumer goods. Potential investment by Russia and China in Uzbekistan's gas and oil industry may boost growth prospects. In November 2005, Russian President Vladimir PUTIN and Uzbekistan President KARIMOV signed an "alliance," which included provisions for economic and business cooperation. Russian businesses have shown increased interest in Uzbekistan, especially in mining, telecom, and oil and gas. In 2006, Uzbekistan took steps to rejoin the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and the Eurasian Economic Community (EurASEC), both organizations dominated by Russia. Uzbek authorities have accused US and other foreign companies operating in Uzbekistan of violating Uzbek tax laws and have frozen their assets. US firms have not made major investments in Uzbekistan in the last six years.
Electricity - consumption 1.181 billion kWh (1999) 47 billion kWh (2006 est.)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 6.8 billion kWh (2006)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 10.5 billion kWh (2006 est.)
Electricity - production 1.27 billion kWh (1999) 49 billion kWh (2006 est.)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m
lowest point: Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m


highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m
Environment - current issues wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing shrinkage of the Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then blown from the increasingly exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification; water pollution from industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of many human health disorders; increasing soil salination; soil contamination from buried nuclear processing and agricultural chemicals, including DDT
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Marine Dumping
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4% Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.)
Exchange rates Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1966); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro Uzbekistani soum per US dollar - 1,263.8 (2007), 1,219.8 (2006), 1,020 (2005), 971.265 (2004), 771.029 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000)

head of government:
Prime Minister Madior BOYE (since 3 March 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 27 February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held 27 February 2007); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Abdoulaye WADE elected president; percent of vote in the second round of voting - Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.51%
chief of state: President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 March 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet)


head of government: Prime Minister Shavkat MIRZIYOYEV (since 11 December 2003); First Deputy Prime Minister Rustam AZIMOV (since 2 January 2008)


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term; previously was a five-year term, extended by constitutional amendment in 2002); election last held 23 December 2007 (next to be held in 2014); prime minister, ministers, and deputy ministers appointed by the president


election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 88.1%, Aslidden RUSTAMOV 3.2%, Dilorom TASHMUKHAMEDOVA 2.9%, Akmal SAIDOV 2.6%
Exports $959 million (f.o.b., 2000) 6,941 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities fish, ground nuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton cotton, gold, energy products, mineral fertilizers, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, textiles, food products, machinery, automobiles
Exports - partners France 17%, India 17%, Italy 12%, Spain 6%, Mali 6%, Cote d'Ivoire 4% (1999) Russia 23.7%, Poland 11.6%, China 10.4%, Turkey 7.6%, Kazakhstan 5.9%, Ukraine 4.7%, Bangladesh 4.3% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and green separated by red fimbriations with a white crescent moon and 12 white stars in the upper hoist-side quadrant
GDP purchasing power parity - $16 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
19%

industry:
20%

services:
61% (1997 est.)
agriculture: 27.3%


industry: 30.3%


services: 42.4% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5.7% (2000 est.) 8.1% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates 14 00 N, 14 00 W 41 00 N, 64 00 E
Geography - note The Gambia is almost an enclave of Senegal along with Liechtenstein, one of the only two doubly landlocked countries in the world
Highways total:
14,576 km

paved:
4,271 km

unpaved:
10,305 km (1996)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
1.4%

highest 10%:
42.8% (1991)
lowest 10%: 2.8%


highest 10%: 29.6% (2003)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and small amounts of opium poppy for domestic consumption; poppy cultivation almost wiped out by government crop eradication program; transit point for heroin precursor chemicals bound for Afghanistan
Imports $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000) 11,230 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities foods and beverages, consumer goods, capital goods, petroleum products machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, ferrous and non-ferrous metals
Imports - partners France 30%, Nigeria 7%, Italy 6%, Thailand 5%, Germany 4%, US 4% (1999) Russia 27.6%, South Korea 15.1%, China 10.3%, Germany 7.8%, Kazakhstan 7.2%, Ukraine 4.7%, Turkey 4.5% (2006)
Independence 4 April 1960 (from France); complete independence was achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960 1 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Industrial production growth rate 7% (1998 est.) 12% (2007 est.)
Industries agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, gold, petroleum, natural gas, chemicals
Infant mortality rate 56.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 68.89 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 73.5 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 64.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.5% (2000 est.) 16% officially, but 38% based on analysis of consumer prices (2007 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MINURSO, MIPONUH, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNTAET, UPU, WADB, WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ADB, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 710 sq km (1993 est.) 42,810 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note-the judicial system was reformed in 1992 Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Supreme Assembly)
Labor force NA 14.6 million (2007 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 60% agriculture: 44%


industry: 20%


services: 36% (1995)
Land boundaries total:
2,640 km

border countries:
The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
total: 6,221 km


border countries: Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km
Land use arable land:
12%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
16%

forests and woodland:
54%

other:
18% (1993 est.)
arable land: 10.51%


permanent crops: 0.76%


other: 88.73% (2005)
Languages French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%
Legal system based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (120 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)

note:
the former National Assembly, dissolved in the spring of 2001, had 140 seats

elections:
last held 29 April 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SOPI Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other 10
bicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis consists of an upper house or Senate (100 seats; 84 members are elected by regional governing councils and 16 appointed by the president; to serve five-year terms) and a lower house or Legislative Chamber (120 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 26 December 2004 and 9 January 2005 (next to be held December 2009)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Legislative Chamber - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - LDPU 41, NDP 32, Fidokorlar 17, MTP 11, Adolat 9, unaffiliated 10


note: all parties in the Supreme Assembly support President KARIMOV
Life expectancy at birth total population:
62.56 years

male:
60.94 years

female:
64.22 years (2001 est.)
total population: 64.98 years


male: 61.57 years


female: 68.56 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
33.1%

male:
43%

female:
23.2% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99.3%


male: 99.6%


female: 99% (2003 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania Central Asia, north of Afghanistan
Map references Africa Asia
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (doubly landlocked)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete Nationale) Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, National Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $68 million (FY97) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.4% (FY97) 2% (2005 est.)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
2,311,063 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,207,360 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
114,189 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 4 April (1960) Independence Day, 1 September (1991)
Nationality noun:
Senegalese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Senegalese
noun: Uzbekistani


adjective: Uzbekistani
Natural hazards lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts NA
Natural resources fish, phosphates, iron ore natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum
Net migration rate 0.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -1.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines - gas 9,725 km; oil 868 km (2007)
Political parties and leaders African Party for Democracy and Socialism or And Jef (also known as PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madier DIOUF]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Senegalese Democratic Party-Renewal or PDS-R [Serigne Lamine DIOP, secretary general]; Senegalese Democratic Union-Renewal or UDS-R [Mamadou Puritain FALL]; Socialist Party or PS [President Abdou DIOUF]; SOPI Coalition (a 40-party coalition led by the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE]; Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]; other small parties Adolat (Justice) Social Democratic Party [Dilorom TASHMUHAMMEDOVA]; Democratic National Rebirth Party (Milly Tiklanish) or MTP [Hurshid DOSMUHAMMEDOV]; Fidokorlar National Democratic Party (Self-Sacrificers) [Ahtam TURSUNOV]; Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan or LDPU [Adham SHADMANOV; People's Democratic Party or NDP (formerly Communist Party) [Asliddin RUSTAMOV]
Political pressure groups and leaders labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers Agrarian and Entrepreneurs' Party [Marat ZAHIDOV]; Birlik (Unity) Movement [Abdurakhim POLAT, chairman]; Committee for the Protection of Human Rights [Marat ZAHIDOV]; Erk (Freedom) Democratic Party [Muhammad SOLIH, chairman] was banned 9 December 1992; Ezgulik Human Rights Society [Vasila INOYATOVA]; Free Farmers' Party or Ozod Dehqonlar [Nigora KHIDOYATOVA]; Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Talib YAKUBOV, chairman]; Independent Human Rights Organization of Uzbekistan [Mikhail ARDZINOV, chairman]; Mazlum; Sunshine Coalition [Sanjar UMAROV, chairman]
Population 10,284,929 (July 2001 est.) 27,780,059 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 33% (2004 est.)
Population growth rate 2.93% (2001 est.) 1.732% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor -
Radio broadcast stations AM 10, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 3 (2006)
Radios 1.24 million (1997) -
Railways total:
906 km

narrow gauge:
906 km 1.000-meter gauge (70 km double track)
total: 3,950 km


broad gauge: 3,950 km 1.520-m gauge (620 km electrified) (2006)
Religions Muslim 92%, indigenous beliefs 6%, Christian 2% (mostly Roman Catholic) Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.92 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.98 male(s)/female

total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.039 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.979 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.697 male(s)/female


total population: 0.982 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
good system

domestic:
above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system

international:
4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: antiquated and inadequate; in serious need of modernization


domestic: the main line telecommunications system is dilapidated and telephone density is low; the state-owned telecom company, Uzbektelecom, is using a US$110 million loan from the Japanese government to improve main line services; mobile services are growing swiftly, with the subscriber base more than doubling in 2007 to 5.8 million


international: country code - 998; linked by landline or microwave radio relay with CIS member states and to other countries by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch; after the completion of the Uzbek link to the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic cable, Uzbekistan will be independent of Russian facilities for international communications (2006)
Telephones - main lines in use 116,000 (1997) 1.793 million (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,149 (1996) 5.8 million (2007)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 8 (includes 1 cable rebroadcaster in Tashkent; approximately 20 stations in regional capitals) (2006)
Terrain generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Syr Darya (Sirdaryo), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west
Total fertility rate 5.12 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.88 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate NA%; urban youth 40% 0.8% officially by the Ministry of Labor, plus another 20% underemployed (2007 est.)
Waterways 897 km

note:
785 km on the Senegal river, and 112 km on the Saloum river
1,100 km (2006)
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