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Compare Reunion (2002) - Slovenia (2001)

Compare Reunion (2002) z Slovenia (2001)

 Reunion (2002)Slovenia (2001)
 ReunionSlovenia
Administrative divisions none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons 136 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities* (mestne obcine , singular - mestna obcina ) Ajdovscina, Beltinci, Bled, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova-Tisina, Celje*, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik-Trnovska Vas, Divaca, Dobrepolje, Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grosuplje, Hodos Salovci, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola, Jesenice, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Koper*, Kozje, Kranj*, Kranjska Gora, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava, Litija, Ljubljana*, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Maribor*, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mislinja, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Murska Sobota*, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Nova Gorica*, Novo Mesto*, Odranci, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podvelka-Ribnica, Postojna, Preddvor, Ptuj*, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne-Prevalje, Ribnica, Rogasevci, Rogaska Slatina, Rogatec, Ruse, Semic, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur pri Celju, Sevnica, Sezana, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Slovenj Gradec*, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smartno ob Paki, Sostanj, Starse, Store, Sveti Jurij, Tolmin, Trbovlje, Trebnje, Trzic, Turnisce, Velenje*, Velike Lasce, Videm, Vipava, Vitanje, Vodice, Vojnik, Vrhnika, Vuzenica, Zagorje ob Savi, Zalec, Zavrc, Zelezniki, Ziri, Zrece

note:
there may be 45 more municipalities
Age structure 0-14 years: 31.7% (male 120,864; female 115,251)


15-64 years: 62.5% (male 228,864; female 235,991)


65 years and over: 5.8% (male 17,459; female 25,552) (2002 est.)
0-14 years:
16.09% (male 159,428; female 151,134)

15-64 years:
69.61% (male 681,333; female 662,170)

65 years and over:
14.3% (male 101,354; female 174,713) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry
Airports 2 (2001) 14 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
total:
6

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Area total: 2,517 sq km


land: 2,507 sq km


water: 10 sq km
total:
20,253 sq km

land:
20,253 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Rhode Island slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route. In 1918 the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new nation, renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia, which though communist, distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power of the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991. Historical ties to Western Europe, a strong economy, and a stable democracy make Slovenia a leading candidate for future membership in the EU and NATO.
Birth rate 20.7 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 9.32 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: NA


expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
revenues:
$8.11 billion

expenditures:
$8.32 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)
Capital Saint-Denis Ljubljana
Climate tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
Coastline 207 km 46.6 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991
Country name conventional long form: Department of Reunion


conventional short form: Reunion


local long form: none


local short form: Ile de la Reunion


former: Bourbon Island
conventional long form:
Republic of Slovenia

conventional short form:
Slovenia

local long form:
Republika Slovenija

local short form:
Slovenija
Currency euro (EUR); French franc (FRF) tolar (SIT)
Death rate 5.51 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 9.98 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $NA $6.2 billion (2000)
Dependency status overseas department of France -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas department of France) chief of mission:
Ambassador Nancy ELY-RAPHEL

embassy:
Presernova 31, SI-1000 Ljubljana

mailing address:
P. O. Box 254, Presernova 31, 1000 Ljubljana; American Embassy Ljubljana, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7140

telephone:
[386] (01) 200-5500

FAX:
[386] (01) 200-5555
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas department of France) chief of mission:
Ambassador Davorin KRACUN

chancery:
1525 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 667-5363

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-4563

consulate(s) general:
New York

consulate(s):
Cleveland
Disputes - international none progress with Croatia on discussions of adjustments to land boundary, but problems remain in defining maritime boundary in Gulf of Piran; Austria has minor dispute with Slovenia over nuclear power plants and post-World War II treatment of German-speaking minorities
Economic aid - recipient $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France ODA, $5 million (1993)
Economy - overview The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to more than 40% of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France. Although Slovenia enjoys one of the highest GDPs per capita among the transition economies of Central Europe, it needs to speed up the privatization process and the dismantling of restrictions on foreign investment. About 45% of the economy remains in state hands, and the level of foreign direct investment inflows as a percent of GDP is the lowest in the region. Analysts are predicting between 4.0% and 4.2% growth for 2001. Export growth is expected to slow in 2001 and 2002 as EU markets soften. Inflation rose from 6.1% to 8.9% in 2000 and remains a matter of concern.
Electricity - consumption 1.014 billion kWh (2000) 10.024 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) 2.2 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) 645 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 1.09 billion kWh (2000) 12.451 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 55%


hydro: 45%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
fossil fuel:
34.44%

hydro:
29.58%

nuclear:
35.98%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m

highest point:
Triglav 2,864 m
Environment - current issues NA Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian Slovene 88%, Croat 3%, Serb 2%, Bosniak 1%, Yugoslav 0.6%, Hungarian 0.4%, other 5% (1991)
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997) tolars per US dollar - 225.93 (January 2001), 222.66 (2000), 181.77 (1999), 166.13 (1998), 159.69 (1997), 135.36 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Gonthier FRIEDERICI (since NA)


head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
chief of state:
President Milan KUCAN (since 22 April 1990)

head of government:
Prime Minister Janez DRNOVSEK (since 15 October 2000);

cabinet:
Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 24 November 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly; election last held 15 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
Milan KUCAN elected president; percent of vote - Milan KUCAN 56.3%, Janez PODOBNIK 18%; Janez DRNOVSEK elected prime minister; percent of National Assembly vote - NA
Exports $214 million f.o.b. (1997) $8.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993) manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food
Exports - partners France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (1994) Germany 31%, Italy 14%, Croatia 8%, Austria 7%, France 6% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries); the seal is located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands
GDP purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (1998 est.) purchasing power parity - $22.9 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture:
4%

industry:
35%

services:
61% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,800 (1998 est.) purchasing power parity - $12,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.8% (1998 est.) 4.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 21 06 S, 55 36 E 46 00 N, 15 00 E
Geography - note this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean -
Highways total: 2,724 km


paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road)


unpaved: 1,424 km


note: 370 km of road are maintained by national authorities, 754 km by departmental authorities and 1,600 km by local authorities (1994)
total:
19,586 km

paved:
17,745 km (including 249 km of expressways)

unpaved:
1,841 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
3.2%

highest 10%:
20.7% (1995)
Illicit drugs - minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals
Imports $2.5 billion c.i.f. (1997) $9.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food
Imports - partners France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (1994) Germany 21%, Italy 17%, France 11%, Austria 8%, Croatia 4%, Hungary, Russia (1999)
Independence none (overseas department of France) 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 6.2% (2000)
Industries sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction ferrous metallurgy and rolling mill products, aluminum reduction and rolled products, lead and zinc smelting, electronics (including military electronics), trucks, electric power equipment, wood products, textiles, chemicals, machine tools
Infant mortality rate 8.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) 4.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA% 8.9% (2000 est.)
International organization participation FZ, InOC, WFTU ABEDA, ACCT (observer), BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 11 (2000)
Irrigated land 120 sq km (1998 est.) 20 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court (judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president)
Labor force 261,000 (1995) (1995) 857,400
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 8%, industry 19%, services 73% (1990) (1990) agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries 0 km total:
1,165 km

border countries:
Austria 330 km, Croatia 501 km, Italy 232 km, Hungary 102 km
Land use arable land: 13.2%


permanent crops: 2%


other: 84.8% (1998 est.)
arable land:
12%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
24%

forests and woodland:
54%

other:
7% (1996 est.)
Languages French (official), Creole widely used Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 6%, other 3%
Legal system French law based on civil law system
Legislative branch unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 19, UDF 9, RPR 8, various right-wing candidates 4, various left-wing candidates 5


note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1
unicameral National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats, 40 are directly elected and 50 are selected on a proportional basis; note - the numbers of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
National Assembly - last held 15 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - LDS 36%, SDS 16%, ZLSD 12%, SLS/SKD 10%, NSI 9%, SMS 4%, SNS 4%, DeSUS 5%, other 4%; seats by party - LDS 34, SDS 14, ZLDS 11, SLS/SKD 9, NSI 8, SMS 4, SNS 4, DeSUS 4, other 2

note:
the National Council or Drzavni Svet is an advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws and ask to review any National Assembly decisions; in the election of NA November 1997, 40 members were elected to represent local, professional, and socioeconomic interests (next election to be held in the fall of 2002)
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.18 years


male: 69.78 years


female: 76.74 years (2002 est.)
total population:
75.08 years

male:
71.2 years

female:
79.17 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 79%


male: 76%


female: 80% (1982 est.)
definition:
NA

total population:
99%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar Southeastern Europe, eastern Alps bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Austria and Croatia
Map references World Europe
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
NA
Merchant marine total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT


ships by type: chemical tanker 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: France 1 (2002 est.)
-
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) Slovenian Army (includes Air and Naval Forces)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $370 million (FY00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.7% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 194,485 (2002 est.) males age 15-49:
523,336 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 99,251 (2002 est.) males age 15-49:
416,237 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age (2002 est.) 19 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 6,243 (2002 est.) males:
14,513 (2001 est.)
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Independence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)
Nationality noun: Reunionese (singular and plural)


adjective: Reunionese
noun:
Slovene(s)

adjective:
Slovenian
Natural hazards periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano flooding and earthquakes
Natural resources fish, arable land, hydropower lignite coal, lead, zinc, mercury, uranium, silver, hydropower
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) 2.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 290 km; natural gas 305 km
Political parties and leaders Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD] Democratic Party of Retired (Persons) of Slovenia or DeSUS [Janko KUSAR]; Liberal Democratic or LDS [Janez DRNOVSEK, chairman]; New Slovenia or NSI [Andrej BAJUK, chairman]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC, chairman]; Slovene People's Party or SLS (Slovenian People's Party or SLS and Slovenian Christian Democrats or SKD merged in April 2000) [Franc ZAGOZEN, chairman]; Slovene Youth Party or SMS [leader NA]; Social Democratic Party of Slovenia or SDS [Janez JANSA, chairman]; United List of Social Democrats (former Communists and allies) or ZLSD [Borut PAHOR, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 743,981 (July 2002 est.) 1,930,132 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.52% (2002 est.) 0.14% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Le Port, Pointe des Galets Izola, Koper, Piran
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001) AM 17, FM 160, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 173,000 (1997) 805,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km total:
1,201 km

standard gauge:
1,201 km 1.435-m gauge (489 km electrified) (1999)
Religions Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995) Roman Catholic 68.8%, Uniate Catholic 2%, Lutheran 1%, Muslim 1%, atheist 4.3%, other 22.9%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.58 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed)
Telephone system general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis


domestic: modern open wire and microwave radio relay network


international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
100% digital (2000)

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use 268,500 (1999) 722,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 197,000 (September 2000) 1 million (2000)
Television broadcast stations 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001) 48 (2001)
Terrain mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountain and valleys with numerous rivers to the east
Total fertility rate 2.55 children born/woman (2002 est.) 1.28 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 42.8% (1998) (1998) 7.1% (1997 est.)
Waterways none NA
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