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Compare Qatar (2001) - Bolivia (2005)

Compare Qatar (2001) z Bolivia (2005)

 Qatar (2001)Bolivia (2005)
 QatarBolivia
Administrative divisions 9 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Salal 9 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Beni, La Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa Cruz, Tarija
Age structure 0-14 years:
25.77% (male 101,155; female 97,086)

15-64 years:
71.75% (male 391,178; female 160,665)

65 years and over:
2.48% (male 13,625; female 5,443) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 35.7% (male 1,613,049/female 1,551,023)


15-64 years: 59.8% (male 2,591,328/female 2,701,892)


65 years and over: 4.5% (male 178,486/female 222,092) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber
Airports 4 (2000 est.) 1,065 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 16


over 3,047 m: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 1,049


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 60


914 to 1,523 m: 207


under 914 m: 778 (2004 est.)
Area total:
11,437 sq km

land:
11,437 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 1,098,580 sq km


land: 1,084,390 sq km


water: 14,190 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut slightly less than three times the size of Montana
Background Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir who had ruled the country since 1972. He was overthrown by his son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have a per capita income not far below the leading industrial countries of Western Europe. Bolivia, named after independence fighter Simon BOLIVAR, broke away from Spanish rule in 1825; much of its subsequent history has consisted of a series of nearly 200 coups and counter-coups. Comparatively democratic civilian rule was established in 1982, but leaders have faced difficult problems of deep-seated poverty, social unrest, and illegal drug production. Current goals include attracting foreign investment, strengthening the educational system, resolving disputes with coca growers over Bolivia's counterdrug efforts, and waging an anticorruption campaign.
Birth rate 15.91 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 23.76 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$3.9 billion

expenditures:
$4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $2.264 billion


expenditures: $2.769 billion, including capital expenditures of $741 million (2004 est.)
Capital Doha La Paz (seat of government); Sucre (legal capital and seat of judiciary)
Climate desert; hot, dry; humid and sultry in summer varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid
Coastline 563 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution 2 February 1967; revised in August 1994
Country name conventional long form:
State of Qatar

conventional short form:
Qatar

local long form:
Dawlat Qatar

local short form:
Qatar

note:
closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar
conventional long form: Republic of Bolivia


conventional short form: Bolivia


local long form: Republica de Bolivia


local short form: Bolivia
Currency Qatari rial (QAR) -
Death rate 4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.64 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $13.1 billion (2000 est.) $5.439 billion (June 2004 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Elizabeth Davenport MCKUNE

embassy:
22 February Road, Doha

mailing address:
P. O. Box 2399, Doha

telephone:
[974] 488 4101

FAX:
[974] 488 4298

note:
workweek is Saturday-Wednesday
chief of mission: Ambassador David N. GREENLEE


embassy: Avenida Arce 2780, San Jorge, La Paz


mailing address: P. O. Box 425, La Paz; APO AA 34032


telephone: [591] (2) 2430120, 2430251


FAX: [591] (2) 2433900
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Badr Umar al-DAFA

chancery:
4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016

telephone:
[1] (202) 274-1600

FAX:
[1] (202) 237-0061

consulate(s) general:
Houston
chief of mission: Ambassador Jaime APARICIO Otero


chancery: 3014 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 483-4410


FAX: [1] (202) 328-3712


consulate(s) general: Miami, New York, and San Francisco
Disputes - international in March of 2001, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) awarded the Hawar Islands to Bahrain and adjusted its maritime boundary with Qatar; a final border resolution was agreed to with Saudi Arabia in March of 2001 Chile rebuffs Bolivia's reactivated claim to restore the Atacama corridor, ceded to Chile in 1884, offering instead unrestricted but not sovereign maritime access through Chile for Bolivian natural gas and other commodities
Economic aid - recipient $NA $681 million (2002)
Economy - overview Oil accounts for more than 30% of GDP, roughly 80% of export earnings, and 66% of government revenues. Proved oil reserves of 3.7 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Oil has given Qatar a per capita GDP comparable to that of the leading West European industrial countries. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 7 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total, third largest in the world. Production and export of natural gas are becoming increasingly important. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore petroleum and the diversification of the economy. In 2000, Qatar posted its highest ever trade surplus of $6 billion, due mainly to high oil prices and increased natural gas exports. Bolivia, long one of the poorest and least developed Latin American countries, reformed its economy after suffering a disastrous economic crisis in the early 1980s. The reforms spurred real GDP growth, which averaged 4 percent in the 1990s, and poverty rates fell. Economic growth, however, lagged again beginning in 1999 because of a global slowdown and homegrown factors such as political turmoil, civil unrest, and soaring fiscal deficits, all of which hurt investor confidence. In 2003, violent protests against the pro-foreign investment economic policies of President SANCHEZ DE LOZADA led to his resignation and the cancellation of plans to export Bolivia's newly discovered natural gas reserves to large northern hemisphere markets. Foreign investment dried up as companies adopted a wait-and-see attitude regarding new President Carlos MESA's willingness to protect investor rights in the face of increased demands by radical groups that the government expropriate foreign-owned assets. Real GDP growth in 2003 and 2004 - helped by increased demand for natural gas in neighboring Brazil - was positive, but still below the levels seen during the 1990s. Bolivia remains dependent on foreign aid from multilateral lenders and foreign governments.
Electricity - consumption 8.37 billion kWh (1999) 3.848 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 3 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 9 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 9 billion kWh (1999) 4.132 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m

highest point:
Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m
lowest point: Rio Paraguay 90 m


highest point: Nevado Sajama 6,542 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities the clearing of land for agricultural purposes and the international demand for tropical timber are contributing to deforestation; soil erosion from overgrazing and poor cultivation methods (including slash-and-burn agriculture); desertification; loss of biodiversity; industrial pollution of water supplies used for drinking and irrigation
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection
Ethnic groups Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14% Quechua 30%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry) 30%, Aymara 25%, white 15%
Exchange rates Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.6400 (fixed rate) bolivianos per US dollar - 7.9363 (2004), 7.6592 (2003), 7.17 (2002), 6.6069 (2001), 6.1835 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince JASSIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, third son of the monarch (selected crown prince by the monarch 22 October 1996); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of minister of defense and commander-in-chief of the armed forces

head of government:
Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary

note:
in March 1999 Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council, which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services
chief of state: President Eduardo RODRIGUEZ Veltze (since 9 June 2005); Vice President (vacant); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Eduardo RODRIGUEZ Veltze (since 9 June 2005); Vice President (vacant); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 30 June 2002 (next to be held June 2007)


election results: as a result of no candidate winning a majority in the 30 June 2002 election, Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamante was chosen president by Congress; congressional votes - Gonzalo SANCHEZ DE LOZADA Bustamante 84, Evo MORALES 43; note - following the resignation of the elected president on 17 October 2003 and Vice President Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert on 9 June 2005, Eduardo RODRIGUEZ Veltze, President of the Supreme Court and constitutional successor, became president.
Exports $9.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Exports - commodities petroleum products 80%, fertilizers, steel natural gas, soybeans and soy products, crude petroleum, zinc ore, tin
Exports - partners Japan 52%, Singapore 9%, South Korea 8%, US, UAE (1998) Brazil 40%, US 13.9%, Colombia 8.7%, Peru 6.3%, Japan 4.5% (2004)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with the coat of arms centered on the yellow band; similar to the flag of Ghana, which has a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band
GDP purchasing power parity - $15.1 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
49%

services:
50% (1996 est.)
agriculture: 13%


industry: 28%


services: 59% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $20,300 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,600 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4% (2000 est.) 3.7% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 25 30 N, 51 15 E 17 00 S, 65 00 W
Geography - note strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits landlocked; shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
1,230 km

paved:
1,107 km

unpaved:
123 km (1996)
total: 60,282 km


paved: 3,979 km


unpaved: 56,303 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 1.3%


highest 10%: 32% (1999)
Illicit drugs - world's third-largest cultivator of coca (after Colombia and Peru) with an estimated 28,450 hectares under cultivation in June 2003, a 23% increase from June 2002; intermediate coca products and cocaine exported mostly to or through Brazil, Argentina, and Chile to European and US drug markets; eradication and alternative crop programs under the MESA administration have been unable to keep pace with farmers' attempts to increase cultivation; money-laundering activity related to narcotics trade, especially along the borders with Brazil and Paraguay
Imports $3.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals petroleum products, plastics, paper, aircraft and aircraft parts, prepared foods, automobiles, insecticides, soybeans
Imports - partners UK 10%, Japan 8%, Germany 6%, US 6%, Italy 6% (1998) Brazil 29.7%, Argentina 17.6%, US 10.8%, Chile 7.7%, Peru 7.3% (2004)
Independence 3 September 1971 (from UK) 6 August 1825 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 5.7% (2004 est.)
Industries crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing
Infant mortality rate 21.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 53.11 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 56.7 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 49.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2000) 4.9% (2004 est.)
International organization participation ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO CAN, CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OAS, ONUB, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMISET, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 80 sq km (1993 est.) 1,280 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges appointed for 10-year terms by National Congress); District Courts (one in each department); provincial and local courts (to try minor cases)
Labor force 233,000 (1993 est.) 3.8 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries total:
60 km

border countries:
Saudi Arabia 60 km
total: 6,743 km


border countries: Argentina 832 km, Brazil 3,400 km, Chile 861 km, Paraguay 750 km, Peru 900 km
Land use arable land:
1%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
94% (1993 est.)
arable land: 2.67%


permanent crops: 0.19%


other: 97.14% (2001)
Languages Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara (official)
Legal system discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law is significant in personal matters based on Spanish law and Napoleonic Code; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)

note:
the constitution calls for elections for part of this consultative body, but no elections have been held since 1970, when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have their terms extended every four years since
bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (27 seats; members are elected by proportional representation from party lists to serve five-year terms) and Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (130 seats; 68 are directly elected from their districts and 62 are elected by proportional representation from party lists to serve five-year terms)


elections: Chamber of Senators and Chamber of Deputies - last held 30 June 2002 (next to be held June 2007)


election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MNR 11, MAS 8, MIR 5, NFR 2, other 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MNR 36, MAS 27, MIR 26, NFR 25, others 16
Life expectancy at birth total population:
72.62 years

male:
70.16 years

female:
75.21 years (2001 est.)
total population: 65.5 years


male: 62.89 years


female: 68.25 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
79%

male:
79%

female:
80% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 87.2%


male: 93.1%


female: 81.6% (2003 est.)
Location Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia Central South America, southwest of Brazil
Map references Middle East South America
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 677,992 GRT/1,049,447 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 10, combination ore/oil 2, container 7, petroleum tanker 6 (2000 est.)
total: 32 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 413,407 GRT/699,901 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 2, cargo 16, chemical tanker 1, container 1, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 9, refrigerated cargo 1


foreign-owned: 11 (Argentina 1, Egypt 2, Eritrea 1, Germany 1, Iran 1, Singapore 2, United Kingdom 1, United States 2) (2005)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Public Security Army (Ejercito Boliviano), Navy (Fuerza Naval; includes Marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Boliviana) (2004)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $723 million (FY00/01) $132.2 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 10% (FY00/01) 1.6% (2004)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
312,116

note:
includes non-nationals (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
163,642 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
6,797 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 3 September (1971) Independence Day, 6 August (1825)
Nationality noun:
Qatari(s)

adjective:
Qatari
noun: Bolivian(s)


adjective: Bolivian
Natural hazards haze, dust storms, sandstorms common flooding in the northeast (March-April)
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, fish tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber, hydropower
Net migration rate 20.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -1.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 235 km; natural gas 400 km gas 4,860 km; liquid petroleum gas 47 km; oil 2,457 km; refined products 1,589 km; unknown (oil/water) 247 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders none Bolivian Socialist Falange or FSB [Romel PANTOJA]; Civic Solidarity Union or UCS [Johnny FERNANDEZ]; Free Bolivia Movement or MBL [Franz BARRIOS]; Marshal of Ayacucho Institutional Vanguard or VIMA [Freddy ZABALA]; Movement of the Revolutionary Left or MIR [Jaime PAZ Zamora]; Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Evo MORALES]; Movement Without Fear or MSM [Juan DEL GRANADO]; Nationalist Democratic Action or ADN [Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez]; Nationalist Revolutionary Movement or MNR [leader NA]; New Republican Force or NFR [Manfred REYES-VILLA]; Pachakuti Indigenous Movement or MIP [Felipe QUISPE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jeres JUSTINIANO]
Political pressure groups and leaders none Cocalero Groups; indigenous organizations; labor unions; Sole Confederation of Campesino Workers of Bolivia or CSUTCB [Roman LOAYZA]
Population 769,152 (July 2001 est.) 8,857,870 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 64% (2004 est.)
Population growth rate 3.18% (2001 est.) 1.49% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id) Puerto Aguirre (on the Paraguay/Parana waterway, at the Bolivia/Brazil border); also, Bolivia has free port privileges in maritime ports in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Paraguay
Radio broadcast stations AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)
Radios 256,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km total: 3,519 km


narrow gauge: 3,519 km 1.000-m gauge (2004)
Religions Muslim 95% Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist) 5%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
2.43 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
2.5 male(s)/female

total population:
1.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage suffrage is limited to municipal elections 18 years of age, universal and compulsory (married); 21 years of age, universal and compulsory (single)
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system centered in Doha

domestic:
NA

international:
tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat
general assessment: new subscribers face bureaucratic difficulties; most telephones are concentrated in La Paz and other cities; mobile cellular telephone use expanding rapidly


domestic: primary trunk system, which is being expanded, employs digital microwave radio relay; some areas are served by fiber-optic cable; mobile cellular systems are being expanded


international: country code - 591; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 142,000 (1997) 600,100 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular 43,476 (1997) 1,401,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 2 (plus three repeaters) (1997) 48 (1997)
Terrain mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel rugged Andes Mountains with a highland plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin
Total fertility rate 3.17 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.94 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 9.2% in urban areas


note: widespread underemployment (2003 est.)
Waterways none 10,000 km (commercially navigable) (2004)
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