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Compare Oman (2001) - Paraguay (2005)

Compare Oman (2001) z Paraguay (2005)

 Oman (2001)Paraguay (2005)
 OmanParaguay
Administrative divisions 6 regions (mintaqat, singular - mintaqah) and 2 governorates* (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) Ad Dakhiliyah, Al Batinah, Al Wusta, Ash Sharqiyah, Az Zahirah, Masqat, Musandam*, Zufar*; note - the US Embassy in Oman reports that Masqat is a governorate, but this has not been confirmed by the US Board of Geographic Names (BGN) 17 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital city*; Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion*, Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro
Age structure 0-14 years:
41.51% (male 554,727; female 533,627)

15-64 years:
56.12% (male 894,978; female 576,672)

65 years and over:
2.37% (male 32,863; female 29,331) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 37.9% (male 1,223,479/female 1,184,134)


15-64 years: 57.3% (male 1,825,473/female 1,809,810)


65 years and over: 4.8% (male 140,935/female 164,053) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products dates, limes, bananas, alfalfa, vegetables; camels, cattle; fish cotton, sugarcane, soybeans, corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, eggs, milk; timber
Airports 143 (2000 est.) 878 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 12


over 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
137

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
56

914 to 1,523 m:
37

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)
total: 866


1,524 to 2,437 m: 26


914 to 1,523 m: 323


under 914 m: 517 (2004 est.)
Area total:
212,460 sq km

land:
212,460 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 406,750 sq km


land: 397,300 sq km


water: 9,450 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Kansas slightly smaller than California
Background In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al Said ousted his father and has ruled as sultan ever since. His extensive modernization program has opened the country to the outside world and has preserved a long-standing political and military relationship with the UK. Oman's moderate, independent foreign policy has sought to maintain good relations with all Middle Eastern countries. In the disastrous War of the Triple Alliance (1865-70), Paraguay lost two-thirds of all adult males and much of its territory. It stagnated economically for the next half century. In the Chaco War of 1932-35, large, economically important areas were won from Bolivia. The 35-year military dictatorship of Alfredo STROESSNER was overthrown in 1989, and, despite a marked increase in political infighting in recent years, relatively free and regular presidential elections have been held since then.
Birth rate 37.96 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 29.43 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$4.7 billion

expenditures:
$5.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $490 million (1999)
revenues: $1.123 billion


expenditures: $1.129 billion, including capital expenditures of $700 million (2004 est.)
Capital Muscat Asuncion
Climate dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
Coastline 2,092 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution none; note - on 6 November 1996, Sultan QABOOS issued a royal decree promulgating a new basic law which, among other things, clarifies the royal succession, provides for a prime minister, bars ministers from holding interests in companies doing business with the government, establishes a bicameral legislature, and guarantees basic civil liberties for Omani citizens promulgated 20 June 1992
Country name conventional long form:
Sultanate of Oman

conventional short form:
Oman

local long form:
Saltanat Uman

local short form:
Uman

former:
Muscat and Oman
conventional long form: Republic of Paraguay


conventional short form: Paraguay


local long form: Republica del Paraguay


local short form: Paraguay
Currency Omani rial (OMR) -
Death rate 4.1 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.53 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $4.5 billion (2000 est.) $3.239 billion (2004 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador John B. CRAIG

embassy:
Jameat A'Duwal Al Arabiya Street, Al Khuwair area, Muscat

mailing address:
international: P. O. Box 202, Code No. 115, Medinat Al-Sultan Qaboos, Muscat

telephone:
[968] 698989

FAX:
[968] 699189
chief of mission: Ambassador John F. KEANE


embassy: 1776 Avenida Mariscal Lopez, Casilla Postal 402, Asuncion


mailing address: Unit 4711, APO AA 34036-0001


telephone: [595] (21) 213-715


FAX: [595] (21) 213-728
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Abdallah bin Muhammad bin Aqil al-DHAHAB

chancery:
2535 Belmont Road, NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-1980 through 1981, 1988

FAX:
[1] (202) 745-4933
chief of mission: Ambassador James SPALDING Hellmers


chancery: 2400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 483-6960 through 6962


FAX: [1] (202) 234-4508


consulate(s) general: Kansas City, Los Angeles, Miami, New York
Disputes - international boundary with the UAE has not been bilaterally defined; northern section in the Musandam Peninsula is an administrative boundary unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal narcotics trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations
Economic aid - recipient $76.4 million (1995) NA
Economy - overview Oman's economic performance improved significantly in 2000 due largely to the upturn in oil prices. The government is moving ahead with privatization of its utilities, the development of a body of commercial law to facilitate foreign investment, and increased budgetary outlays. Oman continues to liberalize its markets and joined the World Trade Organization (WTrO) in November 2000. Landlocked Paraguay has a market economy marked by a large informal sector. This sector features both reexport of imported consumer goods to neighboring countries as well as the activities of thousands of microenterprises and urban street vendors. Because of the importance of the informal sector, accurate economic measures are difficult to obtain. A large percentage of the population derives their living from agricultural activity, often on a subsistence basis. The formal economy grew by an average of about 3% annually in 1995-97, but averaged near-zero growth in 1998-2001 and contracted by 2.3 percent in 2002, in response to regional contagion and an outbreak of hoof-and-mouth desease. On a per capita basis, real income has stagnated at 1980 levels. Most observers attribute Paraguay's poor economic performance to political uncertainty, corruption, lack of progress on structural reform, substantial internal and external debt, and deficient infrastructure. Aided by a firmer exchange rate and perhaps a greater confidence in the economic policy of the Duarte FRUTOS administration, the economy rebounded in 2003 and 2004, posting modest growth each year.
Electricity - consumption 8.026 billion kWh (1999) 2.469 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 42.51 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 8.63 billion kWh (1999) 48.36 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Arabian Sea 0 m

highest point:
Jabal Shams 2,980 m
lowest point: junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m


highest point: Cerro Pero (Cerro Tres Kandu) 842 m
Environment - current issues rising soil salinity; beach pollution from oil spills; very limited natural fresh water resources deforestation; water pollution; inadequate means for waste disposal pose health risks for many urban residents; loss of wetlands
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African mestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 95%, other 5%
Exchange rates Omani rials per US dollar - 0.3845 (fixed rate since 1986) guarani per US dollar - 5,974.6 (2004), 6,424.3 (2003), 5,716.3 (2002), 4,105.9 (2001), 3,486.4 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary
chief of state: President Nicanor DUARTE Frutos (since 15 August 2003); Vice President Luis CASTIGLIONI Joria (since 15 August 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Nicanor DUARTE Frutos (since 15 August 2003); Vice President Luis CASTIGLIONI Joria (since 15 August 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the president


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 27 April 2003 (next to be held April 2008)


election results: Nicanor DUARTE Frutos elected president; percent of vote - Nicanor DUARTE Frutos 37.1%, Julio Cesar Ramon FRANCO Gomez 23.9%, Pedro Nicolas Maraa FADUL Niella 21.3%, Guillermo SANCHEZ Guffanti 13.5%, other 4.2%
Exports $11.1 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Exports - commodities petroleum, reexports, fish, metals, textiles soybeans, feed, cotton, meat, edible oils, electricity, wood, leather
Exports - partners Japan 27%, China 12%, Thailand 18%, UAE 12%, South Korea 12%, US (1999) Uruguay 27.8%, Brazil 19.2%, Argentina 6.3%, Switzerland 4.1% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three horizontal bands of white, red, and green of equal width with a broad, vertical, red band on the hoist side; the national emblem (a khanjar dagger in its sheath superimposed on two crossed swords in scabbards) in white is centered at the top of the vertical band three equal, horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue with an emblem centered in the white band; unusual flag in that the emblem is different on each side; the obverse (hoist side at the left) bears the national coat of arms (a yellow five-pointed star within a green wreath capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles); the reverse (hoist side at the right) bears the seal of the treasury (a yellow lion below a red Cap of Liberty and the words Paz y Justicia (Peace and Justice) capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles)
GDP purchasing power parity - $19.6 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
40%

services:
57% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 25.3%


industry: 24.9%


services: 49.8% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,700 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4.6% (2000 est.) 2.8% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 21 00 N, 57 00 E 23 00 S, 58 00 W
Geography - note strategic location on Musandam Peninsula adjacent to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil; population concentrated in southern part of country
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
32,800 km

paved:
9,840 km (including 550 km of expressways)

unpaved:
22,960 km (1996)
total: 29,500 km


paved: 14,986 km


unpaved: 14,514 km (1999 est)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 0.5%


highest 10%: 43.8% (1998)
Illicit drugs - major illicit producer of cannabis, most or all of which is consumed in Brazil, Argentina, and Chile; transshipment country for Andean cocaine headed for Brazil, other Southern Cone markets, Europe, and US; corruption and some money-laundering activity, especially in the Tri-Border Area
Imports $4.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, livestock, lubricants road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products, electrical machinery
Imports - partners UAE 26% (largely reexports), Japan 16%, UK 9%, Italy 7%, Germany 6%, US (1999) Brazil 30.9%, Argentina 23.3%, China 16.6%, US 4% (2004)
Independence 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese) 14 May 1811 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate 4% (2000 est.) 0% (2000 est.)
Industries crude oil production and refining, natural gas production, construction, cement, copper sugar, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products, steel, metallurgic, electric power
Infant mortality rate 22.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 25.63 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 30.37 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 20.66 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.8% (2000 est.) 5.1% (2004 est.)
International organization participation ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS, ONUB, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 580 sq km (1993 est.) 670 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court

note:
the nascent civil court system, administered by region, has non-Islamic judges as well as traditional Islamic judges
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges appointed on the proposal of the Council of Magistrates or Consejo de la Magistratura)
Labor force 850,000 (1997 est.) 2.66 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% agriculture 45%
Land boundaries total:
1,374 km

border countries:
Saudi Arabia 676 km, UAE 410 km, Yemen 288 km
total: 3,920 km


border countries: Argentina 1,880 km, Bolivia 750 km, Brazil 1,290 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
95% (1993 est.)
arable land: 7.6%


permanent crops: 0.23%


other: 92.17% (2001)
Languages Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects Spanish (official), Guarani (official)
Legal system based on English common law and Islamic law; ultimate appeal to the monarch; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice
Legislative branch bicameral Majlis Oman consists of an upper chamber or Majlis al-Dawla (48 seats; members appointed by the monarch; has advisory powers only) and a lower chamber or Majlis al-Shura (83 seats; members elected by limited suffrage, however, the monarch makes final selections and can negate election results; body has some limited power to propose legislation, but otherwise has only advisory powers)

elections:
last held NA September 2000 (next to be held NA September 2003)

election results:
NA; note - two women were elected for the first time to Majlis al-Shura, about 100,000 people voted
bicameral Congress or Congreso consists of the Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (80 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: Chamber of Senators - last held 27 April 2003 (next to be held April 2008); Chamber of Deputies - last held 27 April 2003 (next to be held April 2008)


election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ANR 16, PLRA 12, UNACE 7, PQ 7, PPS 2, PEN 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ANR 37, PLRA 21, UNACE 10, PQ 10, PPS 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
72.04 years

male:
69.9 years

female:
74.29 years (2001 est.)
total population: 74.89 years


male: 72.35 years


female: 77.55 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
approaching 80%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 94%


male: 94.9%


female: 93% (2003 est.)
Location Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and UAE Central South America, northeast of Argentina
Map references Middle East South America
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 18,167 GRT/11,307 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2000 est.)
total: 21 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 31,667 GRT/30,826 DWT


by type: cargo 15, livestock carrier 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 2


foreign-owned: 2 (Argentina 2)


registered in other countries: 1 (2005)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary (includes Royal Oman Police) Army, Navy (includes Naval Aviation, River Defense Corps, Coast Guard), Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $2.4 billion (FY00) $53.1 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 13% (FY00) 0.9% (2003)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
771,919 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
429,811 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 14 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
26,469 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Birthday of Sultan QABOOS, 18 November (1940) Independence Day, 14 May 1811 (observed 15 May annually)
Nationality noun:
Omani(s)

adjective:
Omani
noun: Paraguayan(s)


adjective: Paraguayan
Natural hazards summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)
Natural resources petroleum, copper, asbestos, some marble, limestone, chromium, gypsum, natural gas hydropower, timber, iron ore, manganese, limestone
Net migration rate 0.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 1,300 km; natural gas 1,030 km -
Political parties and leaders none Asociacion Nacional Republicana - Colorado Party or ANR [Herminio CACERES, interim president]; Movimiento Union Nacional de Ciudadanos Eticos or UNACE [Enrique GONZALEZ Quintana, acting chairman]; Patria Querida (Beloved Fatherland Party) or PQ [Pedro Nicolas Maraa FADUL Niella]; Partido Encuentro Nacional or PEN [Luis TORALES Kenney]; Partido Liberal Radical Autentico or PLRA [Julio Cesar FRANCO]; Partido Pais Solidario or PPS [Carlos Alberto FILIZZOLA Pallares]


note: Nicanor DUARTE Frutos on leave as party leader of the Colorado Party or ANR while serving as President of Paraguay; Lino Cesar OVIEDO Silva, leader of UNACE, is currently serving a ten-year prison term
Political pressure groups and leaders none Ahorristas Estafados or AE; Coordinating Table of National Campesino Organizations or MCNOC; National Federation of Campesinos or FNC; National Workers Central or CNT; Paraguayan Workers Confederation or CPT; Roman Catholic Church; Unitary Workers Central or CUT
Population 2,622,198

note:
includes 527,078 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)
6,347,884 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 36% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate 3.43% (2001 est.) 2.48% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Matrah, Mina' al Fahl, Mina' Raysut Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999) AM 46, FM 27, shortwave 6 (three inactive) (1998)
Radios 1.4 million (1997) -
Railways 0 km total: 441 km


standard gauge: 441 km 1.435-m gauge (2004)
Religions Ibadhi Muslim 75%, Sunni Muslim, Shi'a Muslim, Hindu Roman Catholic 90%, Mennonite and other Protestant 10%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.55 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.12 male(s)/female

total population:
1.3 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage in Oman's most recent elections in 2000, limited to approximately 175,000 Omanis chosen by the government to vote in elections for the Majlis ash-Shura 18 years of age; universal and compulsory up to age 75
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system consisting of open wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; limited coaxial cable

domestic:
open wire, microwave, radiotelephone communications, and a domestic satellite system with 8 earth stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat
general assessment: meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion


domestic: fair microwave radio relay network


international: country code - 595; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 201,000 (1997) 273,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 59,822 (1997) 1,770,300 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 13 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1999) 5 (2003)
Terrain central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere
Total fertility rate 6.04 children born/woman (2001 est.) 3.93 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 15.1% (2004 est.)
Waterways none 3,100 km (2004)
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