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Compare Norway (2001) - Tuvalu (2008)

Compare Norway (2001) z Tuvalu (2008)

 Norway (2001)Tuvalu (2008)
 NorwayTuvalu
Administrative divisions 19 provinces (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark, Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold none
Age structure 0-14 years:
19.99% (male 462,673; female 437,514)

15-64 years:
64.91% (male 1,482,346; female 1,440,832)

65 years and over:
15.1% (male 282,307; female 397,768) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 29.8% (male 1,821/female 1,752)


15-64 years: 65.2% (male 3,808/female 4,006)


65 years and over: 5% (male 227/female 378) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products barley, other grains, potatoes; beef, milk; fish coconuts; fish
Airports 103 (2000 est.) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
67

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
12

1,524 to 2,437 m:
12

914 to 1,523 m:
14

under 914 m:
28 (2000 est.)
-
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
36

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
31 (2000 est.)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Area total:
324,220 sq km

land:
307,860 sq km

water:
16,360 sq km
total: 26 sq km


land: 26 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than New Mexico 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Despite its neutrality, Norway was not able to avoid occupation by Germany in World War II. In 1949, neutrality was abandoned and Norway became a member of NATO. Discovery of oil and gas in adjacent waters in the late 1960s boosted Norway's economic fortunes. The current focus is on containing spending on the extensive welfare system and planning for the time when petroleum reserves are depleted. In referenda held in 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected joining the EU. In 1974, ethnic differences within the British colony of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands caused the Polynesians of the Ellice Islands to vote for separation from the Micronesians of the Gilbert Islands. The following year, the Ellice Islands became the separate British colony of Tuvalu. Independence was granted in 1978. In 2000, Tuvalu negotiated a contract leasing its Internet domain name ".tv" for $50 million in royalties over a 12-year period.
Birth rate 12.6 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 22.43 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$71.7 billion

expenditures:
$57.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $22.78 million


expenditures: $14.23 million (2002)
Capital Oslo name: Funafuti


geographic coordinates: 8 30 S, 179 12 E


time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


note: administrative offices are located in Vaiaku Village on Fongafale Islet
Climate temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers causing glaciers to grow; rainy year-round on west coast tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March)
Coastline 21,925 km (includes mainland 3,419 km, large islands 2,413 km, long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 16,093 km) 24 km
Constitution 17 May 1814, modified in 1884 1 October 1978
Country name conventional long form:
Kingdom of Norway

conventional short form:
Norway

local long form:
Kongeriket Norge

local short form:
Norge
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Tuvalu


local long form: none


local short form: Tuvalu


former: Ellice Islands


note: "Tuvalu" means "group of eight," referring to the country's eight traditionally inhabited islands
Currency Norwegian krone (NOK) -
Death rate 9.83 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $0 (Norway is a net external creditor) $NA
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Robin Chandler DUKE

embassy:
Drammensveien 18, 0244 Oslo

mailing address:
PSC 69, Box 1000, APO AE 09707

telephone:
[47] (22) 44 85 50

FAX:
[47] (22) 43 07 77
the US does not have an embassy in Tuvalu; the US ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tuvalu
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Knut VOLLEBAEK

chancery:
2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 333-6000

FAX:
[1] (202) 337-0870

consulate(s) general:
Houston, Miami, Minneapolis, New York, and San Francisco
Tuvalu does not have an embassy in the US - the country's only diplomatic post is in Fiji - Tuvalu does, however, have a UN office located at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, NY 10017, telephone: [1] (212) 490-0534
Disputes - international territorial claim in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land); Svalbard is the focus of a maritime boundary dispute between Norway and Russia none
Economic aid - donor ODA, $1.4 billion (1998) -
Economic aid - recipient - $13 million; note - major donors are Australia, Japan, and the US (1999 est.)
Economy - overview The Norwegian economy is a prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector (through large-scale state enterprises). The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on its oil production and international oil prices; in 1999, oil and gas accounted for 35% of exports. Only Saudi Arabia exports more oil than Norway. Oslo opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994. Growth picked up in 2000 to 2.7%, compared to the meager 0.8% of 1999, but may fall back in 2001. The government moved ahead with privatization in 2000, even proposing the sale of up to one-third of the 100% state-owned oil company Statoil. Despite their high per capita income and generous welfare benefits, Norwegians worry about that time in the next two decades when the oil and gas begin to run out. Accordingly, Norway has been saving its oil-boosted budget surpluses in a Government Petroleum Fund, which is invested abroad and now is valued at more than $43 billion. Tuvalu consists of a densely populated, scattered group of nine coral atolls with poor soil. The country has no known mineral resources and few exports. Subsistence farming and fishing are the primary economic activities. Fewer than 1,000 tourists, on average, visit Tuvalu annually. Government revenues largely come from the sale of stamps and coins and remittances from seamen on merchant ships abroad. Substantial income is received annually from an international trust fund established in 1987 by Australia, NZ, and the UK and supported also by Japan and South Korea. Thanks to wise investments and conservative withdrawals, this fund grew from an initial $17 million to over $35 million in 1999. The US Government is also a major revenue source for Tuvalu because of payments from a 1988 treaty on fisheries. In an effort to reduce its dependence on foreign aid, the government is pursuing public sector reforms, including privatization of some government functions and personnel cuts of up to 7%. Tuvalu derives around $1.5 million per year from the lease of its ".tv" Internet domain name. With merchandise exports only a fraction of merchandise imports, continued reliance must be placed on fishing and telecommunications license fees, remittances from overseas workers, official transfers, and income from overseas investments.
Electricity - consumption 110.795 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 8.28 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 6.467 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 121.084 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
0.63%

hydro:
99.11%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.26% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Norwegian Sea 0 m

highest point:
Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues water pollution; acid rain damaging forests and adversely affecting lakes, threatening fish stocks; air pollution from vehicle emissions since there are no streams or rivers and groundwater is not potable, most water needs must be met by catchment systems with storage facilities (the Japanese Government has built one desalination plant and plans to build one other); beachhead erosion because of the use of sand for building materials; excessive clearance of forest undergrowth for use as fuel; damage to coral reefs from the spread of the Crown of Thorns starfish; Tuvalu is concerned about global increases in greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on rising sea levels, which threaten the country's underground water table; in 2000, the government appealed to Australia and New Zealand to take in Tuvaluans if rising sea levels should make evacuation necessary
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Norwegian (Nordic, Alpine, Baltic), Sami 20,000 Polynesian 96%, Micronesian 4%
Exchange rates Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 8.7784 (January 2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999), 7.5451 (1998), 7.0734 (1997), 6.4498 (1996) Tuvaluan dollars or Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS, son of the monarch (born 20 July 1973)

head of government:
Prime Minister Jens STOLTENBERG (since 17 March 2000)

cabinet:
State Council appointed by the monarch with the approval of the Parliament

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the largest party or leader of a coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the Parliament
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General Filoimea TELITO (since 15 April 2005)


head of government: Prime Minister Apisai IELEMIA (since 14 August 2006)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from the members of Parliament; election last held 14 August 2006 (next to be held following parliamentary elections in 2010)


election results: Apisai IELEMIA elected Prime Minister in a Parliamentary election on 14 August 2006
Exports $59.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $1 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish copra, fish
Exports - partners EU 73% (UK 17%, Germany 11%, Netherlands 10%, Sweden 9%), US 5% (1999) Germany 60.5%, Italy 20.1%, Fiji 6.9% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description red with a blue cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the outer half of the flag represents a map of the country with nine yellow five-pointed stars symbolizing the nine islands
GDP purchasing power parity - $124.1 billion (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
2%

industry:
25%

services:
73% (1999)
agriculture: 16.6%


industry: 27.2%


services: 56.2% (2002)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $27,700 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2.7% (2000 est.) 1.2% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 62 00 N, 10 00 E 8 00 S, 178 00 E
Geography - note about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world; Norway is the only NATO member having a land boundary with Russia one of the smallest and most remote countries on Earth; six of the 9 coral atolls - Nanumea, Nui, Vaitupu, Nukufetau, Funafuti, and Nukulaelae - have lagoons open to the ocean; Nanumaya and Niutao have landlocked lagoons; Niulakita does not have a lagoon
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
91,180 km

paved:
67,838 km (including 109 km of expressways)

unpaved:
23,342 km (1999)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
4.1%

highest 10%:
21.8% (1995)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $35.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $9.186 million c.i.f. (2004 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs food, animals, mineral fuels, machinery, manufactured goods
Imports - partners EU 66% (Sweden 15%, Germany 12%, UK 9%, Denmark 7%), US 10%, Japan (1999) Fiji 46.1%, Japan 18.9%, China 18.2%, Australia 7.7%, NZ 4.1% (2006)
Independence 7 June 1905 Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved; 26 October 1905 Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union 1 October 1978 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 3% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing fishing, tourism, copra
Infant mortality rate 3.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 18.9 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 21.64 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 16.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.9% (2000 est.) 3.9% (2005 est.)
International organization participation AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, ESA, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WEU (associate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC ACP, ADB, C, FAO, IFRCS (observer), IMO, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 13 (2000) -
Irrigated land 970 sq km (1993 est.) NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by the monarch) High Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the Court of Appeal in Fiji); eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction)
Labor force 2.4 million (2000 est.) 3,615 (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services 74%, industry 22%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 4% (1995) note: people make a living mainly through exploitation of the sea, reefs, and atolls and from wages sent home by those abroad (mostly workers in the phosphate industry and sailors)
Land boundaries total:
2,515 km

border countries:
Finland 729 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 167 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
3%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
27%

other:
70% (1993 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 66.67%


other: 33.33% (2005)
Languages Norwegian (official)

note:
small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui)
Legal system mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law traditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature when asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations NA
Legislative branch modified unicameral Parliament or Storting which, for certain purposes, divides itself into two chambers (165 seats; members are elected by popular vote by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 15 September 1997 (next to be held 10 September 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - Labor Party 35%, Center Party 7.9%, Conservative Party 14.3%, Christian People's Party 13.7%, Socialist Left Party 6%, Progress Party 15.3%, Liberal Party 4.4%, other parties 1.6%; seats by party - Labor Party 65, Center Party 11, Conservative Party 23, Christian People's Party 25, Socialist Left Party 9, Progress Party 25, Liberal Party 6, other parties 1

note:
for certain purposes, the Parliament divides itself into two chambers and elects one-fourth of its membership to an upper house or Lagting
unicameral Parliament or Fale I Fono, also called House of Assembly (15 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 3 August 2006 (next to be held in 2010)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.79 years

male:
75.87 years

female:
81.92 years (2001 est.)
total population: 68.63 years


male: 66.38 years


female: 70.99 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
100%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
NA
Location Northern Europe, bordering the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden Oceania, island group consisting of nine coral atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia
Map references Europe Oceania
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
10 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
4 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
764 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 20,667,370 GRT/32,100,208 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 89, cargo 139, chemical tanker 114, combination bulk 9, combination ore/oil 37, container 15, liquefied gas 84, passenger 10, petroleum tanker 151, refrigerated cargo 10, roll on/roll off 45, short-sea passenger 22, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 38

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 1, Japan 1, Mexico 1, Sweden 1 (2000 est.)
total: 74 ships (1000 GRT or over) 568,759 GRT/928,697 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 4, cargo 45, chemical tanker 5, container 2, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 13, refrigerated cargo 1, specialized tanker 1


foreign-owned: 61 (China 25, Hong Kong 10, Kenya 1, Maldives 1, Romania 1, Russia 4, Singapore 13, Thailand 1, Turkey 1, US 1, Vietnam 3) (2007)
Military branches Norwegian Army, Royal Norwegian Navy (includes Coast Artillery and Coast Guard), Royal Norwegian Air Force, Home Guard no regular military forces; Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $3.113 billion (FY98) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.1% (FY98) NA
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,101,384 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
913,534 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 20 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
27,341 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Constitution Day, 17 May (1814); note - 17 May 1814 is the date of independence from Sweden, 7 June 1905 is the date Norway declared the union with Sweden was dissolved Independence Day, 1 October (1978)
Nationality noun:
Norwegian(s)

adjective:
Norwegian
noun: Tuvaluan(s)


adjective: Tuvaluan
Natural hazards rockslides, avalanches severe tropical storms are usually rare, but, in 1997, there were three cyclones; low level of islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources petroleum, copper, natural gas, pyrites, nickel, iron ore, zinc, lead, fish, timber, hydropower fish
Net migration rate 2.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines refined petroleum products 53 km -
Political parties and leaders Center Party [Odd Roger ENOKSEN]; Christian People's Party [Kiell Magne BONDEVIK]; Conservative Party [Jan PETERSEN]; Labor Party [Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party [Carl I. HAGEN]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN] there are no political parties but members of Parliament usually align themselves in informal groupings
Political pressure groups and leaders NA none
Population 4,503,440 (July 2001 est.) 11,992 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 0.49% (2001 est.) 1.543% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Bergen, Drammen, Floro, Hammerfest, Harstad, Haugesund, Kristiansand, Larvik, Narvik, Oslo, Porsgrunn, Stavanger, Tromso, Trondheim -
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 4.03 million (1997) -
Railways total:
4,012 km

standard gauge:
4,012 km 1.435-m gauge (2,530 km electrified; 96 km double track) (1998)
-
Religions Evangelical Lutheran 86% (state church), other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, other 1%, none and unknown 10% (1997) Church of Tuvalu (Congregationalist) 97%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, Baha'i 1%, other 0.6%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.039 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.951 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.601 male(s)/female


total population: 0.954 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
modern in all respects; one of the most advanced telecommunications networks in Europe

domestic:
Norway has a domestic satellite system; moreover the prevalence of rural areas encourages the wide use of cellular mobile systems instead of fixed wire systems

international:
2 buried coaxial cable systems; 4 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - NA Eutelsat, NA Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Norway shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden) (1999)
general assessment: serves particular needs for internal communications


domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands


international: country code - 688; international calls can be made by satellite
Telephones - main lines in use 2.735 million (1998) 900 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,080,408 (1998) 1,300 (2005)
Television broadcast stations 360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995) 0 (2004)
Terrain glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north very low-lying and narrow coral atolls
Total fertility rate 1.81 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.96 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 3% (2000 est.) NA%
Waterways 1,577 km (along west coast)

note:
navigable by 2.4 m maximum draft vessels
-
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