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Compare Niue (2004) - Montserrat (2001)
Compare Niue (2004) z Montserrat (2001)
| Niue (2004) | Montserrat (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order | 3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter's |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
0-14 years:
23.83% (male 907; female 898) 15-64 years: 64.66% (male 2,341; female 2,556) 65 years and over: 11.51% (male 464; female 408) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle | cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products |
| Airports | 1 (2003 est.) | 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total:
1 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
100 sq km land: 100 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC | about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2004), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. | Much of this island has been devastated and two-thirds of the population has fled abroad due to the eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano that began on 18 July 1995. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 17.43 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
revenues:
$31.4 million expenditures: $31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4 million (1997 est.) |
| Capital | Alofi | Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat) |
| Climate | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds | tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation |
| Coastline | 64 km | 40 km |
| Constitution | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) | present constitution came into force 19 December 1989 |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Montserrat |
| Currency | New Zealand dollar (NZD) | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $418,000 (2002 est.) | $8.9 million (1997) |
| Dependency status | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) | $9.8 million (1995); note - about $100 million (1996-98) in reconstruction aid from the UK; Country Policy Plan (1999) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance |
| Economy - overview | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. | Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK committed to a three year $125 million aid program in 1999 to help reconstruct the economy. |
| Electricity - consumption | 2.79 million kWh (2001) | 9.3 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 3 million kWh (2001) | 10 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills) 914 m |
| Environment - current issues | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture | land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans) | black, white |
| Exchange rates | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.1620 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999) | East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30% |
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Anthony John ABBOTT (since NA September 1997) head of government: Chief Minister David BRANDT (since 22 August 1997) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister; note - as a result of the last election, a coalition party was formed between NPP, NDP, and one of the independent candidates |
| Exports | NA (2001) | $1.5 million (1998) |
| Exports - commodities | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts | electronic components, plastic bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle |
| Exports - partners | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) | US, Antigua and Barbuda (1993) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $31 million (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: 55% |
agriculture:
5.4% industry: 13.6% services: 81% (1996 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $5,000 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | -0.3% (2000 est.) | -1.5% (1999 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 19 02 S, 169 52 W | 16 45 N, 62 12 W |
| Geography - note | one of world's largest coral islands | - |
| Highways | total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001) |
total:
269 km paved: 203 km unpaved: 66 km (1995) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | - | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe |
| Imports | NA (2001) | $26 million (1998) |
| Imports - commodities | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs | machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials |
| Imports - partners | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) | US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1993) |
| Independence | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, handicrafts, food processing | tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
8.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1% (1995) | 5% (1998) |
| International organization participation | ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO | Caricom, CDB, ECLAC (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, WCL |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 17 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue | Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court) |
| Labor force | NA (1998 est.) | 4,521 (1992); note - recently lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity |
| Labor force - by occupation | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board | agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 15.38%
permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001) |
arable land:
20% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 10% forests and woodland: 40% other: 30% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English | English |
| Legal system | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
English common law and statutory law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected |
unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 7 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 11 November 1996 (next to be held by NA November 2001) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPA 2, MNR 2, NPP 1, independent 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
total population:
78.03 years male: 75.95 years female: 80.22 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA female: NA |
definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga | Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico |
| Map references | Oceania | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
| Merchant marine | none | none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force | Police Force |
| National holiday | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) | Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) |
| Nationality | noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
noun:
Montserratian(s) adjective: Montserratian |
| Natural hazards | typhoons | severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (full-scale eruptions of the Soufriere Hills volcano occurred during 1996-97) |
| Natural resources | fish, arable land | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 123.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] | Movement for National Reconstruction or MNR [Percival Austin BRAMBLE]; National Development Party or NDP [leader NA]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; People's Progressive Alliance or PPA [John A. OSBORNE] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 2,156 (July 2004 est.) | 7,574
note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.01% (2004 est.) | 13.39% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 7,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist) | Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations |
| Sex ratio | NA (2004 est.) | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.14 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: country code - 683 |
general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: NA |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 1,100 est (2002) | 4,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 400 (2002) | 70 (1994) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau | volcanic islands, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) | 1.82 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA (March 1999) | 20% (1996 est.) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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