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Compare Niue (2003) - Samoa (2001)
Compare Niue (2003) z Samoa (2001)
| Niue (2003) | Samoa (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order | 11 districts; A'ana, Aiga-i-le-Tai, Atua, Fa'asaleleaga, Gaga'emauga, Gagaifomauga, Palauli, Satupa'itea, Tuamasaga, Va'a-o-Fonoti, Vaisigano |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.) |
0-14 years:
31.88% (male 29,009; female 28,069) 15-64 years: 62.44% (male 70,491; female 41,304) 65 years and over: 5.68% (male 4,739; female 5,446) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle | coconuts, bananas, taro, yams |
| Airports | 1 (2002) | 3 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
total:
1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
2 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
2,860 sq km land: 2,850 sq km water: 10 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Rhode Island |
| Background | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2002), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. | New Zealand occupied the German protectorate of Western Samoa at the outbreak of World War I in 1914. It continued to administer the islands as a mandate and then as a trust territory until 1962, when the islands became the first Polynesian nation to reestablish independence in the 20th century. The country dropped the "Western" from its name in 1997. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 15.59 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues:
$74.8 million expenditures: $81.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) |
| Capital | Alofi | Apia |
| Climate | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds | tropical; rainy season (October to March), dry season (May to October) |
| Coastline | 64 km | 403 km |
| Constitution | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) | 1 January 1962 |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
conventional long form:
Independent State of Samoa conventional short form: Samoa former: Western Samoa |
| Currency | New Zealand dollar (NZD) | tala (WST) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 6.29 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $418,000 (2002 est.) | $180 million (1998 est.) |
| Dependency status | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Carol MOSELEY BRAUN (Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa, resides in Wellington, New Zealand) embassy: 5th floor, Beach Road, Apia mailing address: P. O. Box 3430, Apia telephone: [685] 21631 FAX: [685] 22030 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Tuiloma Neroni SLADE chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 599-6196, 6197 FAX: [1] (212) 599-0797 |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) | $42.9 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. | The economy of Samoa has traditionally been dependent on development aid, family remittances from overseas, and agricultural exports. The country is vulnerable to devastating storms. Agriculture employs two-thirds of the labor force, and furnishes 90% of exports, featuring coconut cream, coconut oil, and copra. The manufacturing sector mainly processes agricultural products. Tourism is an expanding sector, accounting for 15% of GDP; about 85,000 tourists visited the islands in 2000. The Samoan Government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline. Observers point to the flexibility of the labor market as a basic strength for future economic advances. Foreign reserves are in a relatively healthy state, the external debt is stable, and inflation is low. |
| Electricity - consumption | 2.79 million kWh (2001) | 93 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 3 million kWh (2001) | 100 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
fossil fuel:
60% hydro: 40% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mauga Silisili 1,857 m |
| Environment - current issues | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture | soil erosion |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans) | Samoan 92.6%, Euronesians 7% (persons of European and Polynesian blood), Europeans 0.4% |
| Exchange rates | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.162 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998) | tala per US dollar - 3.3400 (January 2001), 3.2712 (2000), 3.0120 (1999), 2.9429 (1998), 2.5562 (1997), 2.4618 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30% |
chief of state:
Chief Susuga MALIETOA Tanumafili II (cochief of state from 1 January 1962 until becoming sole chief of state 5 April 1963) head of government: Prime Minister TUILA'EPA Sailele Malielegaoi (since 24 November 1998); note - TUILA'EPA served as deputy prime minister since 1992; he assumed the prime ministership in November 1998 when former Prime Minister TOFILAU Eti Alesana resigned in poor health; the post of deputy prime minister is currently vacant cabinet: Cabinet consists of 12 members, appointed by the chief of state with the prime minister's advice elections: upon the death of Chief Susuga MALIETOA Tanumafili II, a new chief of state will be elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a five-year term; prime minister appointed by the chief of state with the approval of the Legislative Assembly |
| Exports | NA (2001) | $17 million (f.o.b., 2000) |
| Exports - commodities | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts | coconut oil and cream, copra, fish, beer |
| Exports - partners | NZ mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) | American Samoa 59%, US 18%, Germany 9%, New Zealand 8% (2000 est.) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross | red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side quadrant bearing five white five-pointed stars representing the Southern Cross constellation |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $571 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: 55% |
agriculture:
15% industry: 24% services: 61% (2000 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,200 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | -0.3% (2000 est.) | 6.8% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 19 02 S, 169 52 W | 13 35 S, 172 20 W |
| Geography - note | one of world's largest coral islands | - |
| Highways | total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001) |
total:
835 km paved: 267 km unpaved: 569 km (1983) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | NA (2001) | $90 million (f.o.b., 2000) |
| Imports - commodities | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs | machinery and equipment, industrial supplies, foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) | New Zealand 37%, Australia 24%, Fiji 14%, US 14% (2000 est.) |
| Independence | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand | 1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 10% (2000 est.) |
| Industries | tourism, handicrafts, food processing | food processing, building materials, auto parts |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
31.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1% (1995) | 0.8% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO | ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue | Supreme Court; Court of Appeal |
| Labor force | NA | 90,000 (2000 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board | agriculture 65%, services 30%, industry 5% (1995 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 19.23%
permanent crops: 7.69% other: 73.08% (1998 est.) |
arable land:
19% permanent crops: 24% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 47% other: 10% |
| Languages | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English | Samoan (Polynesian), English |
| Legal system | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
based on English common law and local customs; judicial review of legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of the citizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held in March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected |
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (49 seats - 47 elected by Samoans, 2 elected by non-Samoans; only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to the Fono; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - HRPP 23, SNDP 13, independents 13 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.) |
total population:
69.5 years male: 66.77 years female: 72.37 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA% |
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1971 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga | Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | - |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand | Samoa has no formal defense structure or regular armed forces; informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force | no regular armed services; Samoa Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $NA |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | NA% |
| National holiday | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) | Independence Day Celebration, 1 June (1962); note - 1 January 1962 is the date of independence from the New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship, 1 June 1962 is the date that independence is celebrated |
| Nationality | noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
noun:
Samoan(s) adjective: Samoan |
| Natural hazards | typhoons | occasional typhoons; active volcanism |
| Natural resources | fish, arable land | hardwood forests, fish, hydropower |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | -11.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] | Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [TUILA'EPA Sailele Malielegaoi, chairman]; Samoa All People's Party or SAPP [Matatumua NAIMOAGA]; Samoan National Development Party or SNDP [TAPUA Tamasese Efi, chairman] (opposition); Samoa National Party [FETU Tiatia, party secretary]; Samoan Progressive Conservative Party [LEOTA Ituau Ale] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 2,145 (July 2003 est.) | 179,058 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.01% (2003 est.) | -0.23% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | Apia, Asau, Mulifanua, Salelologa |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 178,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist) | Christian 99.7% (about one-half of population associated with the London Missionary Society; includes Congregational, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Latter-Day Saints, Seventh-Day Adventist) |
| Sex ratio | NA (2003 est.) | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.71 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.39 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: NA |
general assessment:
adequate domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 376 (1991) | 8,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1991) | 1,545 (February 1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 6 (1997) |
| Terrain | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau | narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2003 est.) | 3.4 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | NA%; note - substantial underemployment |
| Waterways | none | none |
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