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Compare Morocco (2001) - Aruba (2001)

Compare Morocco (2001) z Aruba (2001)

 Morocco (2001)Aruba (2001)
 MoroccoAruba
Administrative divisions 37 provinces and 2 wilayas*; Agadir, Al Hoceima, Azilal, Beni Mellal, Ben Slimane, Boulemane, Casablanca*, Chaouen, El Jadida, El Kelaa des Srarhna, Er Rachidia, Essaouira, Fes, Figuig, Guelmim, Ifrane, Kenitra, Khemisset, Khenifra, Khouribga, Laayoune, Larache, Marrakech, Meknes, Nador, Ouarzazate, Oujda, Rabat-Sale*, Safi, Settat, Sidi Kacem, Tanger, Tan-Tan, Taounate, Taroudannt, Tata, Taza, Tetouan, Tiznit

note:
three additional provinces of Ad Dakhla (Oued Eddahab), Boujdour, and Es Smara as well as parts of Tan-Tan and Laayoune fall within Moroccan-claimed Western Sahara; decentralization/regionalization law passed by the legislature in March 1997 creating many new provinces/regions; specific details and scope of the reorganization not yet available
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Age structure 0-14 years:
34.39% (male 5,368,784; female 5,170,891)

15-64 years:
60.93% (male 9,270,095; female 9,402,561)

65 years and over:
4.68% (male 646,567; female 786,407) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
21.29% (male 7,709; female 7,193)

15-64 years:
68.52% (male 23,111; female 24,859)

65 years and over:
10.19% (male 2,954; female 4,181) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products barley, wheat, citrus, wine, vegetables, olives; livestock aloes; livestock; fish
Airports 69 (2000 est.) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
26

over 3,047 m:
10

2,438 to 3,047 m:
5

1,524 to 2,437 m:
9

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
43

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
11

914 to 1,523 m:
20

under 914 m:
11 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
446,550 sq km

land:
446,300 sq km

water:
250 sq km
total:
193 sq km

land:
193 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than California slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background Morocco's long struggle for independence from France ended in 1956. The internationalized city of Tangier was turned over to the new country that same year. Morocco virtually annexed Western Sahara during the late 1970s, but final resolution on the status of the territory remains unresolved. Gradual political reforms in the 1990s resulted in the establishment of a bicameral legislature in 1997. Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. The island's economy has been dominated by three main industries. A 19th century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening in 1924 of an oil refinery. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990.
Birth rate 24.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.64 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$9.6 billion

expenditures:
$8.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.1 billion (2001 est.)
revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$541 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital Rabat Oranjestad
Climate Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 1,835 km 68.5 km
Constitution 10 March 1972, revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create bicameral legislature) September 1996 1 January 1986
Country name conventional long form:
Kingdom of Morocco

conventional short form:
Morocco

local long form:
Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah

local short form:
Al Maghrib
conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Aruba
Currency Moroccan dirham (MAD) Aruban guilder/florin (AWG)
Death rate 5.94 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $18.4 billion (2000 est.) $285 million (1996)
Dependency status - part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Edward M. GABRIEL

embassy:
2 Avenue de Mohamed El Fassi, Rabat

mailing address:
PSC 74, Box 3, APO AE 90718

telephone:
[212] (37) 76 22 65

FAX:
[212] (37) 76 56 61

consulate(s) general:
Casablanca
chief of mission:
Consul General Barbara J. STEPHENSON

embassy:
J. B. Gorsiraweg #1, Curacao

mailing address:
P. O. Box 158, Willemstad, Curacao

telephone:
[599] (9) 461-3066

FAX:
[599] (9) 461-6489
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Abdullah MAAROUFI

chancery:
1601 21st Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 462-7979 through 7982

FAX:
[1] (202) 265-0161

consulate(s) general:
New York
none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Disputes - international claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue; the UN-administered cease-fire has been in effect since September 1991; Spain controls five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberania) on and off the coast of Morocco - the coastal enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla which Morocco contests, as well as the islands of Penon de Alhucemas, Penon de Velez de la Gomera, and Islas Chafarinas none
Economic aid - recipient $565.6 million (1995) $26 million (1995); note - the Netherlands provided a $127 million aid package to Aruba and Suriname in 1996
Economy - overview Morocco faces the problems typical of developing countries - restraining government spending, reducing constraints on private activity and foreign trade, and achieving sustainable economic growth. Following structural adjustment programs supported by the IMF, World Bank, and the Paris Club, the dirham is now fully convertible for current account transactions, and reforms of the financial sector have been implemented. Drought conditions depressed activity in the key agricultural sector and contributed to a stagnant economy in 1999 and 2000. During that time, however, Morocco reported large foreign exchange inflows from the sale of a mobile telephone license and partial privatization of the state-owned telecommunications company. Favorable rainfalls have led Morocco to predict a growth of 1% for 2001. Formidable long-term challenges include: servicing the external debt; preparing the economy for freer trade with the EU; and improving education and attracting foreign investment to boost living standards and job prospects for Morocco's youthful population. Tourism is the mainstay of the Aruban economy, although offshore banking and oil refining and storage are also important. The rapid growth of the tourism sector over the last decade has resulted in a substantial expansion of other activities. Construction has boomed, with hotel capacity five times the 1985 level. In addition, the reopening of the country's oil refinery in 1993, a major source of employment and foreign exchange earnings, has further spurred growth. Aruba's small labor force and less than 1% unemployment rate have led to a large number of unfilled job vacancies, despite sharp rises in wage rates in recent years.
Electricity - consumption 13.441 billion kWh (1999) 418.5 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 705 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 13.695 billion kWh (1999) 450 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
89.19%

hydro:
10.81%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Sebkha Tah -55 m

highest point:
Jbel Toubkal 4,165 m
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Jamanota 188 m
Environment - current issues land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation); water supplies contaminated by raw sewage; siltation of reservoirs; oil pollution of coastal waters NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea
-
Ethnic groups Arab-Berber 99.1%, other 0.7%, Jewish 0.2% mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%
Exchange rates Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 10.590 (January 2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997), 8.716 (1996) Aruban guilders/florins per US dollar - 1.7900 (fixed rate since 1986)
Executive branch chief of state:
King MOHAMED VI (since 23 July 1999)

head of government:
Prime Minister Abderrahmane YOUSSOUFI (since 14 March 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch following legislative elections
chief of state:
Queen BEATRIX Wilhelmina Armgard of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980), represented by Governor General Olindo KOOLMAN (since 1 January 1992)

head of government:
Prime Minister Jan (Henny) H. EMAN (since 29 July 1994) and Deputy Prime Minister Lili BEKE-MARTINEZ

cabinet:
Council of Ministers (elected by the Staten)

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed for a six-year term by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by the Staten for four-year terms; election last held 12 July 1997 (next to be held by December 2001)

election results:
Jan (Henny) H. EMAN elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Lili BEKE-MARTINEZ elected deputy prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA%
Exports $7.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $2.2 billion (including oil reexports) (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities phosphates and fertilizers, food and beverages, minerals live animals and animal products, art and collectibles, machinery and electrical equipment, transport equipment
Exports - partners France 35%, Spain 9%, UK 8%, Germany 7%, US 5% (1999) US 42%, Colombia 20%, Netherlands 12% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Solomon's seal in the center of the flag; green is the traditional color of Islam blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner
GDP purchasing power parity - $105 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
15%

industry:
33%

services:
52% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,500 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $28,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0.8% (2000 est.) 3.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 32 00 N, 5 00 W 12 30 N, 69 58 W
Geography - note strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar -
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
57,847 km

paved:
30,254 km (including 327 km of expressways)

unpaved:
27,593 km (1998)
total:
800 km

paved:
513 km

unpaved:
287 km

note:
most coastal roads are paved, while unpaved roads serve large tracts of the interior (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
2.6%

highest 10%:
30.9% (1998-99)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs illicit producer of hashish; trafficking on the increase for both domestic and international drug markets; shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe drug-money-laundering center and transit point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe
Imports $12.2 billion (f.o.b., 1999 est.) $2.5 billion (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities semiprocessed goods, machinery and equipment, food and beverages, consumer goods, fuel machinery and electrical equipment, crude oil for refining and reexport, chemicals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners France 32%, Spain 12%, Italy 7%, Germany 6%, UK 6% (1999) US 63%, Netherlands 11%, Netherlands Antilles 3%, Japan (1999)
Independence 2 March 1956 (from France) none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
Industrial production growth rate 0.5% (1999 est.) NA%
Industries phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, tourism tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining
Infant mortality rate 48.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 6.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2% (2000 est.) 4.2% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ABEDA, ACCT (associate), AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, CCC, EBRD, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO Caricom (observer), ECLAC (associate), Interpol, IOC, UNESCO (associate), WCL, WToO (associate)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 8 (2000) NA
Irrigated land 12,580 sq km (1993 est.) 0.01 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are appointed on the recommendation of the Supreme Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the monarch) Joint High Court of Justice (judges are appointed by the monarch)
Labor force 11 million (1997 est.) 41,501 (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 50%, services 35%, industry 15% (1999 est.) most employment is in wholesale and retail trade and repair, followed by hotels and restaurants; oil refining
Land boundaries total:
2,017.9 km

border countries:
Algeria 1,559 km, Western Sahara 443 km, Spain (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Spain (Melilla) 9.6 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
21%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
47%

forests and woodland:
20%

other:
11% (1993 est.)
arable land:
7% (including aloe 0.01%)

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
93% (1993 est.)
Languages Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often the language of business, government, and diplomacy Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English dialect), English (widely spoken), Spanish
Legal system based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of an upper house or Chamber of Counselors (270 seats; members elected indirectly by local councils, professional organizations, and labor syndicates for nine-year terms; one-third of the members are renewed every three years) and a lower house or Chamber of Representatives (325 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)

elections:
Chamber of Counselors - last held 15 September 2000 (next to be held NA 2002); Chamber of Representatives - last held 14 November 1997 (next to be held NA November 2002)

election results:
Chamber of Counselors - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - USFP 57, UC 50, RNI 46, MP 40, MDS 32, IP 32, MNP 19, PND 10, MPCD 9, PPS 9, FFD 9, PSD 5, OADP 4, PA 2, PDI 1

note:
CDT, UTM, UGTM, UNMT are all labor unions listed under Political pressure groups and leaders; see explanation in the description of Parliament
unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 12 December 1997 (next to be held by NA December 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - AVP 43%, MEP 39%, OLA 9% PPA 4%, ADN 2%, PARA 1%, MAS 0.5%; seats by party - AVP 10, MEP 9, OLA 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
69.43 years

male:
67.2 years

female:
71.76 years (2001 est.)
total population:
78.52 years

male:
75.16 years

female:
82.04 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
43.7%

male:
56.6%

female:
31% (1995 est.)
definition:
NA

total population:
97%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 223,052 GRT/272,786 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 9, chemical tanker 6, container 5, petroleum tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 1 (2000 est.)
total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,120 GRT/3,635 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Military branches Royal Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie, Auxiliary Forces Royal Dutch Navy and Marines, Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1.4 billion (FY99/00) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4% (FY99/00) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
8,182,073 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
5,160,374 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
348,380 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Throne Day (accession of King MOHAMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999) Flag Day, 18 March
Nationality noun:
Moroccan(s)

adjective:
Moroccan
noun:
Aruban(s)

adjective:
Aruban; Dutch
Natural hazards northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt
Natural resources phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt NEGL; white sandy beaches
Net migration rate -1.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NEGL
Pipelines crude oil 362 km; petroleum products 491 km (abandoned); natural gas 241 km -
Political parties and leaders Action Party or PA [Muhammad IDRISS]; Constitutional Union or UC [leader NA]; Democratic Forces Front or FFD [Thami KHIARI]; Democratic Socialist Party or PSD [Issa OUARDIGHI]; Democratic Party for Independence or PDI [Thami EL-OUAZZANI, Said BOUACHRINE]; Istiqlal Party or IP [Abbas El-FASSI]; Labor Party or UT [leader NA]; National Democratic Party or PND [Mohamed Arsalane EL-JADIDI]; National Popular Movement or MNP [Mahjoubi AHERDANE]; National Rally of Independents or RNI [Ahmed OSMAN]; Organization of Democratic and Popular Action or OADP [Mohamed BEN SAID ait Idder]; Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS [Moulay Ismail ALAOUI]; Popular Constitutional and Democratic Movement or MPCD (has become Party of Justice and Development or PJD) [Dr. Abdelkarim KHATIB]; Popular Movement or MP [Mohamed LAENSER]; Social Democratic Movement or MDS [Mahmoud ARCHANE]; Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Abd ar-Rahman EL-YOUSSOUFI] Aruba Solidarity Movement or MAS [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Party or PDA [Leo BERLINSKI]; Aruban Liberal Party or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET]; Aruban People's Party or AVP [Tico CROES]; Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson ODUBER]; For a Restructured Aruba Now or PARA [leader NA]; National Democratic Action or ADN [Pedro Charro KELLY]
Political pressure groups and leaders Association of Popular Trade Unions or ADP [leader NA]; Democratic Confederation of Labor or CDT [Noubir AMAOUI]; Democratic National Trade Union or USND [leader NA]; Democratic Trade Union or SD [leader NA]; General Union of Moroccan Workers or UGTM [Abderrazzak AFILAL]; Labor Union Commissions or CS [leader NA]; Moroccan National Workers Union or UNMT [leader NA]; Moroccan Union of Workers or UTM [Mahjoub BENSEDIQ]; Party of Shura and Istiqla [Abdelwaheb MAASH] NA
Population 30,645,305 (July 2001 est.) 70,007 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 19% (1999 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.71% (2001 est.) 0.64% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Agadir, El Jadida, Casablanca, El Jorf Lasfar, Kenitra, Mohammedia, Nador, Rabat, Safi, Tangier; also Spanish-controlled Ceuta and Melilla Barcadera, Oranjestad, Sint Nicolaas
Radio broadcast stations AM 27, FM 25, shortwave 6 (1998) AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 6.64 million (1997) 50,000 (1997)
Railways total:
1,907 km

standard gauge:
1,907 km 1.435-m gauge (1,003 km electrified; 540 km double track)
0 km
Religions Muslim 98.7%, Christian 1.1%, Jewish 0.2% Roman Catholic 82%, Protestant 8%, Hindu, Muslim, Confucian, Jewish
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.82 male(s)/female

total population:
1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system with all important capabilities; however density is low with only 4.6 main lines available for each 100 persons

domestic:
good system composed of open-wire lines, cables, and microwave radio relay links; Internet available but expensive; principal switching centers are Casablanca and Rabat; national network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural service employs microwave radio relay

international:
7 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria; participant in Medarabtel; fiber-optic cable link from Agadir to Algeria and Tunisia (1998)
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
more than adequate

international:
1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles); extensive interisland microwave radio relay links
Telephones - main lines in use 1.391 million (1998) 33,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 116,645 (1998) 3,402 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 35 (plus 66 repeaters) (1995) 1 (1997)
Terrain northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains flat with a few hills; scant vegetation
Total fertility rate 3.05 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 23% (1999 est.) 0.6% (1999 est.)
Waterways none none
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