Compare Montserrat (2007) - Togo (2004)

Compare Montserrat (2007) z Togo (2004)

	Montserrat (2007)	Togo (2004)

Administrative divisions	3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter	5 regions (regions, singular - region); Kara, Plateaux, Savanes, Centrale, Maritime
Age structure	0-14 years: 23.5% (male 1,144/female 1,094) 15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,989/female 3,281) 65 years and over: 10.8% (male 527/female 503) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 43.9% (male 1,222,622; female 1,214,443) 15-64 years: 53.6% (male 1,455,373; female 1,522,456) 65 years and over: 2.6% (male 59,165; female 82,753) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products	coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish
Airports	2 (2007)	9 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 102 sq km land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 56,785 sq km land: 54,385 sq km water: 2,400 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than West Virginia
Background	English and Irish colonists from St. Kitts first settled on Montserrat in 1632; the first African slaves arrived three decades later. The British and French fought for possession of the island for most of the 18th century, but it finally was confirmed as a British possession in 1783. The island's sugar plantation economy was converted to small farm landholdings in the mid 19th century. Much of this island was devastated and two-thirds of the population fled abroad because of the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995. Montserrat has endured volcanic activity since, with the last eruption occurring in July 2003.	French Togoland became Togo in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, is Africa's longest-serving head of state. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government continues to be dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has maintained power almost continually since 1967. In addition, Togo has come under fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is plagued by political unrest. While most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo remains frozen, the European Union initiated a partial resumption of cooperation and development aid to Togo in late 2004.
Birth rate	17.51 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	34.36 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $31.4 million expenditures: $31.6 million (1997 est.)	revenues: $214.5 million expenditures: $296.4 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Capital	name: Plymouth geographic coordinates: 16 42 N, 62 13 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: Plymouth was abandoned in 1997 because of volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat	Lome
Climate	tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation	tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
Coastline	40 km	56 km
Constitution	effective 19 December 1989	multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Montserrat	conventional long form: Togolese Republic conventional short form: Togo local long form: Republique Togolaise local short form: none former: French Togoland
Currency	-	Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate	7.02 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	11.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$8.9 million (1997)	$1.4 billion (2000)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Gregory ENGLE embassy: Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome mailing address: B. P. 852, Lome telephone: [228] 221 29 91 through 221 29 94 FAX: [228] 221 79 52
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Akoussoulelou BODJONA chancery: 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4212 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3190
Disputes - international	none	in 2001 Benin claimed Togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission continues to resurvey the boundary
Economic aid - recipient	Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance (2002 est.)	ODA $80 million (2000 est.)
Economy - overview	Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcanic activity and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.	This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate about 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most important cash crop. Togo is the world's fourth-largest producer of phosphate, but production fell an estimated 22% in 2002 due to power shortages and the cost of developing new deposits. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has moved slowly. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress toward legislative elections, and continued support from foreign donors.
Electricity - consumption	18.6 million kWh (2005)	614.5 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	520 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by Ghana (2001)
Electricity - production	20 million kWh (2005)	101.6 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Agou 986 m
Environment - current issues	land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation	deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black, white	native African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2006), 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002) note: fixed rate since 1976	Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter A. WATERWORTH (since 27 July 2007) head of government: Chief Minister Lowell LEWIS (since 2 June 2006) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister	chief of state: President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 6 February 2005); note - Gnassingbe EYADEMA died on 5 February 2005 and was succeeded by his son, Faure GNASSINGBE, who will be allowed to complete his father's term head of government: Prime Minister Koffi SAMA (since 29 June 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 1 June 2003 (next to be held NA June 2008); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Gnassingbe EYADEMA reelected president; percent of vote - Gnassingbe EYADEMA 57.2%, Emmanuel Akitani BOB 34.1%, Yawovi AGBOYIBO 5.2%, Maurice Dahuku PERE 2.3%, Edem KODJO 1.0%
Exports	NA bbl/day	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	electronic components, plastic bags, apparel; hot peppers, limes, live plants; cattle	reexports, cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa
Exports - partners	US, Antigua and Barbuda (2006)	Burkina Faso 16.6%, Ghana 15.4%, Netherlands 13%, Benin 9.6%, Mali 7.7% (2003)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross	five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $8.257 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1.2% industry: 23.1% services: 75.7% (1999 est.)	agriculture: 39.5% industry: 20.4% services: 40.1% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-1% (2002 est.)	3.3% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates	16 45 N, 62 12 W	8 00 N, 1 10 E
Geography - note	the island is entirely volcanic in origin and comprised of three major volcanic centers of differing ages	the country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna
Highways	-	total: 7,520 km paved: 2,376 km unpaved: 5,144 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers; money laundering not a significant problem
Imports	NA bbl/day	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials	machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products
Imports - partners	US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (2006)	France 21.1%, Netherlands 12.1%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.9%, Germany 4.6%, Italy 4.4%, South Africa 4.3%, China 4.1% (2003)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA
Industries	tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances	phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 67.66 deaths/1,000 live births male: 75.4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 59.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.6% (2002 est.)	-1% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom, CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU	ABEDA, ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	NA	70 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Labor force	4,521 note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)	1.74 million (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (1998 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 1,647 km border countries: Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (2005)	arable land: 46.15% permanent crops: 2.21% other: 51.64% (2001)
Languages	English	French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north)
Legal system	English common law and statutory law	French-based court system
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms) note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members elections: last held 31 May 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - MCAP 36.1%, NPLM 29.4%, MDP 24.4%, independents 10.1%; seats by party - MCAP 4, NPLM 3, MDP 1, independents 1 note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council	unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 27 October 2002 (next NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPT 72, RSDD 3, UDPS 2, Juvento 2, MOCEP 1, independents 1 note: two opposition parties boycotted the election, the Union of the Forces for Change, and the Action Committee for Renewal
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79 years male: 76.8 years female: 81.31 years (2007 est.)	total population: 53.05 years male: 51.07 years female: 55.09 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 60.9% male: 75.4% female: 46.9% (2003 est.)
Location	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico	Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 30 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,918 GRT/3,852 DWT by type: cargo 1, specialized tanker 1 registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	no regular military forces; Royal Montserrat Police Force (2005)	Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$32.6 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.9% (2003)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 1,316,455 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 690,331 (2004 est.)
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)	Independence Day, 27 April (1960)
Nationality	noun: Montserratian(s) adjective: Montserratian	noun: Togolese (singular and plural) adjective: Togolese
Natural hazards	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)	hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts
Natural resources	NEGL	phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Montserrat Democratic Party or MDP [Lowell LEWIS]; Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Roselyn CASSELL-SEALY]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]	Juvento [Monsilia DJATO]; Movement of the Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP [leader NA]; Rally for the Support for Development and Democracy or RSDD [Harryy OLYMPIO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [President Gnassingbe EYADEMA]; Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU] note: Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	9,538 note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2007 est.)	5,556,812 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	32% (1989 est.)
Population growth rate	1.048% (2007 est.)	2.27% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Kpeme, Lome
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998)
Railways	-	total: 568 km narrow gauge: 568 km 1.000-m gauge (2003)
Religions	Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations	indigenous beliefs 51%, Christian 29%, Muslim 20%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.046 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.911 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.048 male(s)/female total population: 0.955 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system	general assessment: modern and fully digitalized domestic: NA international: country code - 1-664	general assessment: fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile cellular system domestic: microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; cellular system has capacity of 10,000 telephones international: country code - 228; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	60,600 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	220,000 (2003)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	3 (plus two repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland	gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes
Total fertility rate	1.77 children born/woman (2007 est.)	4.79 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	6% (1998 est.)	NA (2003 est.)
Waterways	-	50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2003)

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